7 option env="KERNELVERSION"
13 default "/lib/modules/$UNAME_RELEASE/.config"
14 default "/etc/kernel-config"
15 default "/boot/config-$UNAME_RELEASE"
16 default "$ARCH_DEFCONFIG"
17 default "arch/$ARCH/defconfig"
28 depends on HAVE_IRQ_WORK
30 config BUILDTIME_EXTABLE_SORT
36 bool "Prompt for development and/or incomplete code/drivers"
38 Some of the various things that Linux supports (such as network
39 drivers, file systems, network protocols, etc.) can be in a state
40 of development where the functionality, stability, or the level of
41 testing is not yet high enough for general use. This is usually
42 known as the "alpha-test" phase among developers. If a feature is
43 currently in alpha-test, then the developers usually discourage
44 uninformed widespread use of this feature by the general public to
45 avoid "Why doesn't this work?" type mail messages. However, active
46 testing and use of these systems is welcomed. Just be aware that it
47 may not meet the normal level of reliability or it may fail to work
48 in some special cases. Detailed bug reports from people familiar
49 with the kernel internals are usually welcomed by the developers
50 (before submitting bug reports, please read the documents
51 <file:README>, <file:MAINTAINERS>, <file:REPORTING-BUGS>,
52 <file:Documentation/BUG-HUNTING>, and
53 <file:Documentation/oops-tracing.txt> in the kernel source).
55 This option will also make obsoleted drivers available. These are
56 drivers that have been replaced by something else, and/or are
57 scheduled to be removed in a future kernel release.
59 Unless you intend to help test and develop a feature or driver that
60 falls into this category, or you have a situation that requires
61 using these features, you should probably say N here, which will
62 cause the configurator to present you with fewer choices. If
63 you say Y here, you will be offered the choice of using features or
64 drivers that are currently considered to be in the alpha-test phase.
71 depends on BROKEN || !SMP
74 config INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
79 Maximum of each of the number of arguments and environment
80 variables passed to init from the kernel command line.
84 string "Cross-compiler tool prefix"
86 Same as running 'make CROSS_COMPILE=prefix-' but stored for
87 default make runs in this kernel build directory. You don't
88 need to set this unless you want the configured kernel build
89 directory to select the cross-compiler automatically.
92 string "Local version - append to kernel release"
94 Append an extra string to the end of your kernel version.
95 This will show up when you type uname, for example.
96 The string you set here will be appended after the contents of
97 any files with a filename matching localversion* in your
98 object and source tree, in that order. Your total string can
99 be a maximum of 64 characters.
101 config LOCALVERSION_AUTO
102 bool "Automatically append version information to the version string"
105 This will try to automatically determine if the current tree is a
106 release tree by looking for git tags that belong to the current
107 top of tree revision.
109 A string of the format -gxxxxxxxx will be added to the localversion
110 if a git-based tree is found. The string generated by this will be
111 appended after any matching localversion* files, and after the value
112 set in CONFIG_LOCALVERSION.
114 (The actual string used here is the first eight characters produced
115 by running the command:
117 $ git rev-parse --verify HEAD
119 which is done within the script "scripts/setlocalversion".)
121 config HAVE_KERNEL_GZIP
124 config HAVE_KERNEL_BZIP2
127 config HAVE_KERNEL_LZMA
130 config HAVE_KERNEL_XZ
133 config HAVE_KERNEL_LZO
137 prompt "Kernel compression mode"
139 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_GZIP || HAVE_KERNEL_BZIP2 || HAVE_KERNEL_LZMA || HAVE_KERNEL_XZ || HAVE_KERNEL_LZO
141 The linux kernel is a kind of self-extracting executable.
142 Several compression algorithms are available, which differ
143 in efficiency, compression and decompression speed.
144 Compression speed is only relevant when building a kernel.
145 Decompression speed is relevant at each boot.
147 If you have any problems with bzip2 or lzma compressed
148 kernels, mail me (Alain Knaff) <alain@knaff.lu>. (An older
149 version of this functionality (bzip2 only), for 2.4, was
150 supplied by Christian Ludwig)
152 High compression options are mostly useful for users, who
153 are low on disk space (embedded systems), but for whom ram
156 If in doubt, select 'gzip'
160 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_GZIP
162 The old and tried gzip compression. It provides a good balance
163 between compression ratio and decompression speed.
167 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_BZIP2
169 Its compression ratio and speed is intermediate.
170 Decompression speed is slowest among the choices. The kernel
171 size is about 10% smaller with bzip2, in comparison to gzip.
172 Bzip2 uses a large amount of memory. For modern kernels you
173 will need at least 8MB RAM or more for booting.
177 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_LZMA
179 This compression algorithm's ratio is best. Decompression speed
180 is between gzip and bzip2. Compression is slowest.
181 The kernel size is about 33% smaller with LZMA in comparison to gzip.
185 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_XZ
187 XZ uses the LZMA2 algorithm and instruction set specific
188 BCJ filters which can improve compression ratio of executable
189 code. The size of the kernel is about 30% smaller with XZ in
190 comparison to gzip. On architectures for which there is a BCJ
191 filter (i386, x86_64, ARM, IA-64, PowerPC, and SPARC), XZ
192 will create a few percent smaller kernel than plain LZMA.
194 The speed is about the same as with LZMA: The decompression
195 speed of XZ is better than that of bzip2 but worse than gzip
196 and LZO. Compression is slow.
200 depends on HAVE_KERNEL_LZO
202 Its compression ratio is the poorest among the choices. The kernel
203 size is about 10% bigger than gzip; however its speed
204 (both compression and decompression) is the fastest.
208 config DEFAULT_HOSTNAME
209 string "Default hostname"
212 This option determines the default system hostname before userspace
213 calls sethostname(2). The kernel traditionally uses "(none)" here,
214 but you may wish to use a different default here to make a minimal
215 system more usable with less configuration.
218 bool "Support for paging of anonymous memory (swap)"
219 depends on MMU && BLOCK
222 This option allows you to choose whether you want to have support
223 for so called swap devices or swap files in your kernel that are
224 used to provide more virtual memory than the actual RAM present
225 in your computer. If unsure say Y.
230 Inter Process Communication is a suite of library functions and
231 system calls which let processes (running programs) synchronize and
232 exchange information. It is generally considered to be a good thing,
233 and some programs won't run unless you say Y here. In particular, if
234 you want to run the DOS emulator dosemu under Linux (read the
235 DOSEMU-HOWTO, available from <http://www.tldp.org/docs.html#howto>),
236 you'll need to say Y here.
238 You can find documentation about IPC with "info ipc" and also in
239 section 6.4 of the Linux Programmer's Guide, available from
240 <http://www.tldp.org/guides.html>.
242 config SYSVIPC_SYSCTL
249 bool "POSIX Message Queues"
250 depends on NET && EXPERIMENTAL
252 POSIX variant of message queues is a part of IPC. In POSIX message
253 queues every message has a priority which decides about succession
254 of receiving it by a process. If you want to compile and run
255 programs written e.g. for Solaris with use of its POSIX message
256 queues (functions mq_*) say Y here.
258 POSIX message queues are visible as a filesystem called 'mqueue'
259 and can be mounted somewhere if you want to do filesystem
260 operations on message queues.
264 config POSIX_MQUEUE_SYSCTL
266 depends on POSIX_MQUEUE
271 bool "open by fhandle syscalls"
274 If you say Y here, a user level program will be able to map
275 file names to handle and then later use the handle for
276 different file system operations. This is useful in implementing
277 userspace file servers, which now track files using handles instead
278 of names. The handle would remain the same even if file names
279 get renamed. Enables open_by_handle_at(2) and name_to_handle_at(2)
283 bool "Auditing support"
286 Enable auditing infrastructure that can be used with another
287 kernel subsystem, such as SELinux (which requires this for
288 logging of avc messages output). Does not do system-call
289 auditing without CONFIG_AUDITSYSCALL.
292 bool "Enable system-call auditing support"
293 depends on AUDIT && (X86 || PPC || S390 || IA64 || UML || SPARC64 || SUPERH || (ARM && AEABI && !OABI_COMPAT))
294 default y if SECURITY_SELINUX
296 Enable low-overhead system-call auditing infrastructure that
297 can be used independently or with another kernel subsystem,
302 depends on AUDITSYSCALL
307 depends on AUDITSYSCALL
310 config AUDIT_LOGINUID_IMMUTABLE
311 bool "Make audit loginuid immutable"
314 The config option toggles if a task setting its loginuid requires
315 CAP_SYS_AUDITCONTROL or if that task should require no special permissions
316 but should instead only allow setting its loginuid if it was never
317 previously set. On systems which use systemd or a similar central
318 process to restart login services this should be set to true. On older
319 systems in which an admin would typically have to directly stop and
320 start processes this should be set to false. Setting this to true allows
321 one to drop potentially dangerous capabilites from the login tasks,
322 but may not be backwards compatible with older init systems.
324 source "kernel/irq/Kconfig"
325 source "kernel/time/Kconfig"
327 menu "CPU/Task time and stats accounting"
330 prompt "Cputime accounting"
331 default TICK_CPU_ACCOUNTING if !PPC64
332 default VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING if PPC64
334 # Kind of a stub config for the pure tick based cputime accounting
335 config TICK_CPU_ACCOUNTING
336 bool "Simple tick based cputime accounting"
339 This is the basic tick based cputime accounting that maintains
340 statistics about user, system and idle time spent on per jiffies
345 config VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
346 bool "Deterministic task and CPU time accounting"
347 depends on HAVE_VIRT_CPU_ACCOUNTING
349 Select this option to enable more accurate task and CPU time
350 accounting. This is done by reading a CPU counter on each
351 kernel entry and exit and on transitions within the kernel
352 between system, softirq and hardirq state, so there is a
353 small performance impact. In the case of s390 or IBM POWER > 5,
354 this also enables accounting of stolen time on logically-partitioned
357 config IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING
358 bool "Fine granularity task level IRQ time accounting"
359 depends on HAVE_IRQ_TIME_ACCOUNTING
361 Select this option to enable fine granularity task irq time
362 accounting. This is done by reading a timestamp on each
363 transitions between softirq and hardirq state, so there can be a
364 small performance impact.
366 If in doubt, say N here.
370 config BSD_PROCESS_ACCT
371 bool "BSD Process Accounting"
373 If you say Y here, a user level program will be able to instruct the
374 kernel (via a special system call) to write process accounting
375 information to a file: whenever a process exits, information about
376 that process will be appended to the file by the kernel. The
377 information includes things such as creation time, owning user,
378 command name, memory usage, controlling terminal etc. (the complete
379 list is in the struct acct in <file:include/linux/acct.h>). It is
380 up to the user level program to do useful things with this
381 information. This is generally a good idea, so say Y.
383 config BSD_PROCESS_ACCT_V3
384 bool "BSD Process Accounting version 3 file format"
385 depends on BSD_PROCESS_ACCT
388 If you say Y here, the process accounting information is written
389 in a new file format that also logs the process IDs of each
390 process and it's parent. Note that this file format is incompatible
391 with previous v0/v1/v2 file formats, so you will need updated tools
392 for processing it. A preliminary version of these tools is available
393 at <http://www.gnu.org/software/acct/>.
396 bool "Export task/process statistics through netlink (EXPERIMENTAL)"
400 Export selected statistics for tasks/processes through the
401 generic netlink interface. Unlike BSD process accounting, the
402 statistics are available during the lifetime of tasks/processes as
403 responses to commands. Like BSD accounting, they are sent to user
408 config TASK_DELAY_ACCT
409 bool "Enable per-task delay accounting (EXPERIMENTAL)"
412 Collect information on time spent by a task waiting for system
413 resources like cpu, synchronous block I/O completion and swapping
414 in pages. Such statistics can help in setting a task's priorities
415 relative to other tasks for cpu, io, rss limits etc.
420 bool "Enable extended accounting over taskstats (EXPERIMENTAL)"
423 Collect extended task accounting data and send the data
424 to userland for processing over the taskstats interface.
428 config TASK_IO_ACCOUNTING
429 bool "Enable per-task storage I/O accounting (EXPERIMENTAL)"
430 depends on TASK_XACCT
432 Collect information on the number of bytes of storage I/O which this
437 endmenu # "CPU/Task time and stats accounting"
442 prompt "RCU Implementation"
446 bool "Tree-based hierarchical RCU"
447 depends on !PREEMPT && SMP
449 This option selects the RCU implementation that is
450 designed for very large SMP system with hundreds or
451 thousands of CPUs. It also scales down nicely to
454 config TREE_PREEMPT_RCU
455 bool "Preemptible tree-based hierarchical RCU"
456 depends on PREEMPT && SMP
458 This option selects the RCU implementation that is
459 designed for very large SMP systems with hundreds or
460 thousands of CPUs, but for which real-time response
461 is also required. It also scales down nicely to
465 bool "UP-only small-memory-footprint RCU"
466 depends on !PREEMPT && !SMP
468 This option selects the RCU implementation that is
469 designed for UP systems from which real-time response
470 is not required. This option greatly reduces the
471 memory footprint of RCU.
473 config TINY_PREEMPT_RCU
474 bool "Preemptible UP-only small-memory-footprint RCU"
475 depends on PREEMPT && !SMP
477 This option selects the RCU implementation that is designed
478 for real-time UP systems. This option greatly reduces the
479 memory footprint of RCU.
484 def_bool ( TREE_PREEMPT_RCU || TINY_PREEMPT_RCU )
486 This option enables preemptible-RCU code that is common between
487 the TREE_PREEMPT_RCU and TINY_PREEMPT_RCU implementations.
490 bool "Consider userspace as in RCU extended quiescent state"
491 depends on HAVE_RCU_USER_QS && SMP
493 This option sets hooks on kernel / userspace boundaries and
494 puts RCU in extended quiescent state when the CPU runs in
495 userspace. It means that when a CPU runs in userspace, it is
496 excluded from the global RCU state machine and thus doesn't
497 to keep the timer tick on for RCU.
499 Unless you want to hack and help the development of the full
500 tickless feature, you shouldn't enable this option. It adds
501 unnecessary overhead.
505 config RCU_USER_QS_FORCE
506 bool "Force userspace extended QS by default"
507 depends on RCU_USER_QS
509 Set the hooks in user/kernel boundaries by default in order to
510 test this feature that treats userspace as an extended quiescent
511 state until we have a real user like a full adaptive nohz option.
513 Unless you want to hack and help the development of the full
514 tickless feature, you shouldn't enable this option. It adds
515 unnecessary overhead.
520 int "Tree-based hierarchical RCU fanout value"
523 depends on TREE_RCU || TREE_PREEMPT_RCU
527 This option controls the fanout of hierarchical implementations
528 of RCU, allowing RCU to work efficiently on machines with
529 large numbers of CPUs. This value must be at least the fourth
530 root of NR_CPUS, which allows NR_CPUS to be insanely large.
531 The default value of RCU_FANOUT should be used for production
532 systems, but if you are stress-testing the RCU implementation
533 itself, small RCU_FANOUT values allow you to test large-system
534 code paths on small(er) systems.
536 Select a specific number if testing RCU itself.
537 Take the default if unsure.
539 config RCU_FANOUT_LEAF
540 int "Tree-based hierarchical RCU leaf-level fanout value"
541 range 2 RCU_FANOUT if 64BIT
542 range 2 RCU_FANOUT if !64BIT
543 depends on TREE_RCU || TREE_PREEMPT_RCU
546 This option controls the leaf-level fanout of hierarchical
547 implementations of RCU, and allows trading off cache misses
548 against lock contention. Systems that synchronize their
549 scheduling-clock interrupts for energy-efficiency reasons will
550 want the default because the smaller leaf-level fanout keeps
551 lock contention levels acceptably low. Very large systems
552 (hundreds or thousands of CPUs) will instead want to set this
553 value to the maximum value possible in order to reduce the
554 number of cache misses incurred during RCU's grace-period
555 initialization. These systems tend to run CPU-bound, and thus
556 are not helped by synchronized interrupts, and thus tend to
557 skew them, which reduces lock contention enough that large
558 leaf-level fanouts work well.
560 Select a specific number if testing RCU itself.
562 Select the maximum permissible value for large systems.
564 Take the default if unsure.
566 config RCU_FANOUT_EXACT
567 bool "Disable tree-based hierarchical RCU auto-balancing"
568 depends on TREE_RCU || TREE_PREEMPT_RCU
571 This option forces use of the exact RCU_FANOUT value specified,
572 regardless of imbalances in the hierarchy. This is useful for
573 testing RCU itself, and might one day be useful on systems with
574 strong NUMA behavior.
576 Without RCU_FANOUT_EXACT, the code will balance the hierarchy.
580 config RCU_FAST_NO_HZ
581 bool "Accelerate last non-dyntick-idle CPU's grace periods"
582 depends on NO_HZ && SMP
585 This option causes RCU to attempt to accelerate grace periods
586 in order to allow CPUs to enter dynticks-idle state more
587 quickly. On the other hand, this option increases the overhead
588 of the dynticks-idle checking, particularly on systems with
589 large numbers of CPUs.
591 Say Y if energy efficiency is critically important, particularly
592 if you have relatively few CPUs.
594 Say N if you are unsure.
596 config TREE_RCU_TRACE
597 def_bool RCU_TRACE && ( TREE_RCU || TREE_PREEMPT_RCU )
600 This option provides tracing for the TREE_RCU and
601 TREE_PREEMPT_RCU implementations, permitting Makefile to
602 trivially select kernel/rcutree_trace.c.
605 bool "Enable RCU priority boosting"
606 depends on RT_MUTEXES && PREEMPT_RCU
609 This option boosts the priority of preempted RCU readers that
610 block the current preemptible RCU grace period for too long.
611 This option also prevents heavy loads from blocking RCU
612 callback invocation for all flavors of RCU.
614 Say Y here if you are working with real-time apps or heavy loads
615 Say N here if you are unsure.
617 config RCU_BOOST_PRIO
618 int "Real-time priority to boost RCU readers to"
623 This option specifies the real-time priority to which long-term
624 preempted RCU readers are to be boosted. If you are working
625 with a real-time application that has one or more CPU-bound
626 threads running at a real-time priority level, you should set
627 RCU_BOOST_PRIO to a priority higher then the highest-priority
628 real-time CPU-bound thread. The default RCU_BOOST_PRIO value
629 of 1 is appropriate in the common case, which is real-time
630 applications that do not have any CPU-bound threads.
632 Some real-time applications might not have a single real-time
633 thread that saturates a given CPU, but instead might have
634 multiple real-time threads that, taken together, fully utilize
635 that CPU. In this case, you should set RCU_BOOST_PRIO to
636 a priority higher than the lowest-priority thread that is
637 conspiring to prevent the CPU from running any non-real-time
638 tasks. For example, if one thread at priority 10 and another
639 thread at priority 5 are between themselves fully consuming
640 the CPU time on a given CPU, then RCU_BOOST_PRIO should be
641 set to priority 6 or higher.
643 Specify the real-time priority, or take the default if unsure.
645 config RCU_BOOST_DELAY
646 int "Milliseconds to delay boosting after RCU grace-period start"
651 This option specifies the time to wait after the beginning of
652 a given grace period before priority-boosting preempted RCU
653 readers blocking that grace period. Note that any RCU reader
654 blocking an expedited RCU grace period is boosted immediately.
656 Accept the default if unsure.
658 endmenu # "RCU Subsystem"
661 tristate "Kernel .config support"
663 This option enables the complete Linux kernel ".config" file
664 contents to be saved in the kernel. It provides documentation
665 of which kernel options are used in a running kernel or in an
666 on-disk kernel. This information can be extracted from the kernel
667 image file with the script scripts/extract-ikconfig and used as
668 input to rebuild the current kernel or to build another kernel.
669 It can also be extracted from a running kernel by reading
670 /proc/config.gz if enabled (below).
673 bool "Enable access to .config through /proc/config.gz"
674 depends on IKCONFIG && PROC_FS
676 This option enables access to the kernel configuration file
677 through /proc/config.gz.
680 int "Kernel log buffer size (16 => 64KB, 17 => 128KB)"
684 Select kernel log buffer size as a power of 2.
694 # Architectures with an unreliable sched_clock() should select this:
696 config HAVE_UNSTABLE_SCHED_CLOCK
700 # For architectures that want to enable the support for NUMA-affine scheduler
703 config ARCH_SUPPORTS_NUMA_BALANCING
706 # For architectures that (ab)use NUMA to represent different memory regions
707 # all cpu-local but of different latencies, such as SuperH.
709 config ARCH_WANT_NUMA_VARIABLE_LOCALITY
713 # For architectures that are willing to define _PAGE_NUMA as _PAGE_PROTNONE
714 config ARCH_WANTS_PROT_NUMA_PROT_NONE
717 config ARCH_USES_NUMA_PROT_NONE
720 depends on ARCH_WANTS_PROT_NUMA_PROT_NONE
721 depends on NUMA_BALANCING
723 config NUMA_BALANCING
724 bool "Memory placement aware NUMA scheduler"
726 depends on ARCH_SUPPORTS_NUMA_BALANCING
727 depends on !ARCH_WANT_NUMA_VARIABLE_LOCALITY
728 depends on SMP && NUMA && MIGRATION
730 This option adds support for automatic NUMA aware memory/task placement.
731 The mechanism is quite primitive and is based on migrating memory when
732 it is references to the node the task is running on.
734 This system will be inactive on UMA systems.
737 boolean "Control Group support"
740 This option adds support for grouping sets of processes together, for
741 use with process control subsystems such as Cpusets, CFS, memory
742 controls or device isolation.
744 - Documentation/scheduler/sched-design-CFS.txt (CFS)
745 - Documentation/cgroups/ (features for grouping, isolation
746 and resource control)
753 bool "Example debug cgroup subsystem"
756 This option enables a simple cgroup subsystem that
757 exports useful debugging information about the cgroups
762 config CGROUP_FREEZER
763 bool "Freezer cgroup subsystem"
765 Provides a way to freeze and unfreeze all tasks in a
769 bool "Device controller for cgroups"
771 Provides a cgroup implementing whitelists for devices which
772 a process in the cgroup can mknod or open.
775 bool "Cpuset support"
777 This option will let you create and manage CPUSETs which
778 allow dynamically partitioning a system into sets of CPUs and
779 Memory Nodes and assigning tasks to run only within those sets.
780 This is primarily useful on large SMP or NUMA systems.
784 config PROC_PID_CPUSET
785 bool "Include legacy /proc/<pid>/cpuset file"
789 config CGROUP_CPUACCT
790 bool "Simple CPU accounting cgroup subsystem"
792 Provides a simple Resource Controller for monitoring the
793 total CPU consumed by the tasks in a cgroup.
795 config RESOURCE_COUNTERS
796 bool "Resource counters"
798 This option enables controller independent resource accounting
799 infrastructure that works with cgroups.
802 bool "Memory Resource Controller for Control Groups"
803 depends on RESOURCE_COUNTERS
806 Provides a memory resource controller that manages both anonymous
807 memory and page cache. (See Documentation/cgroups/memory.txt)
809 Note that setting this option increases fixed memory overhead
810 associated with each page of memory in the system. By this,
811 20(40)bytes/PAGE_SIZE on 32(64)bit system will be occupied by memory
812 usage tracking struct at boot. Total amount of this is printed out
815 Only enable when you're ok with these trade offs and really
816 sure you need the memory resource controller. Even when you enable
817 this, you can set "cgroup_disable=memory" at your boot option to
818 disable memory resource controller and you can avoid overheads.
819 (and lose benefits of memory resource controller)
821 This config option also selects MM_OWNER config option, which
822 could in turn add some fork/exit overhead.
825 bool "Memory Resource Controller Swap Extension"
826 depends on MEMCG && SWAP
828 Add swap management feature to memory resource controller. When you
829 enable this, you can limit mem+swap usage per cgroup. In other words,
830 when you disable this, memory resource controller has no cares to
831 usage of swap...a process can exhaust all of the swap. This extension
832 is useful when you want to avoid exhaustion swap but this itself
833 adds more overheads and consumes memory for remembering information.
834 Especially if you use 32bit system or small memory system, please
835 be careful about enabling this. When memory resource controller
836 is disabled by boot option, this will be automatically disabled and
837 there will be no overhead from this. Even when you set this config=y,
838 if boot option "swapaccount=0" is set, swap will not be accounted.
839 Now, memory usage of swap_cgroup is 2 bytes per entry. If swap page
840 size is 4096bytes, 512k per 1Gbytes of swap.
841 config MEMCG_SWAP_ENABLED
842 bool "Memory Resource Controller Swap Extension enabled by default"
843 depends on MEMCG_SWAP
846 Memory Resource Controller Swap Extension comes with its price in
847 a bigger memory consumption. General purpose distribution kernels
848 which want to enable the feature but keep it disabled by default
849 and let the user enable it by swapaccount boot command line
850 parameter should have this option unselected.
851 For those who want to have the feature enabled by default should
852 select this option (if, for some reason, they need to disable it
853 then swapaccount=0 does the trick).
855 bool "Memory Resource Controller Kernel Memory accounting (EXPERIMENTAL)"
856 depends on MEMCG && EXPERIMENTAL
859 The Kernel Memory extension for Memory Resource Controller can limit
860 the amount of memory used by kernel objects in the system. Those are
861 fundamentally different from the entities handled by the standard
862 Memory Controller, which are page-based, and can be swapped. Users of
863 the kmem extension can use it to guarantee that no group of processes
864 will ever exhaust kernel resources alone.
866 config CGROUP_HUGETLB
867 bool "HugeTLB Resource Controller for Control Groups"
868 depends on RESOURCE_COUNTERS && HUGETLB_PAGE && EXPERIMENTAL
871 Provides a cgroup Resource Controller for HugeTLB pages.
872 When you enable this, you can put a per cgroup limit on HugeTLB usage.
873 The limit is enforced during page fault. Since HugeTLB doesn't
874 support page reclaim, enforcing the limit at page fault time implies
875 that, the application will get SIGBUS signal if it tries to access
876 HugeTLB pages beyond its limit. This requires the application to know
877 beforehand how much HugeTLB pages it would require for its use. The
878 control group is tracked in the third page lru pointer. This means
879 that we cannot use the controller with huge page less than 3 pages.
882 bool "Enable perf_event per-cpu per-container group (cgroup) monitoring"
883 depends on PERF_EVENTS && CGROUPS
885 This option extends the per-cpu mode to restrict monitoring to
886 threads which belong to the cgroup specified and run on the
891 menuconfig CGROUP_SCHED
892 bool "Group CPU scheduler"
895 This feature lets CPU scheduler recognize task groups and control CPU
896 bandwidth allocation to such task groups. It uses cgroups to group
900 config FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
901 bool "Group scheduling for SCHED_OTHER"
902 depends on CGROUP_SCHED
906 bool "CPU bandwidth provisioning for FAIR_GROUP_SCHED"
907 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
908 depends on FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
911 This option allows users to define CPU bandwidth rates (limits) for
912 tasks running within the fair group scheduler. Groups with no limit
913 set are considered to be unconstrained and will run with no
915 See tip/Documentation/scheduler/sched-bwc.txt for more information.
917 config RT_GROUP_SCHED
918 bool "Group scheduling for SCHED_RR/FIFO"
919 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
920 depends on CGROUP_SCHED
923 This feature lets you explicitly allocate real CPU bandwidth
924 to task groups. If enabled, it will also make it impossible to
925 schedule realtime tasks for non-root users until you allocate
926 realtime bandwidth for them.
927 See Documentation/scheduler/sched-rt-group.txt for more information.
932 bool "Block IO controller"
936 Generic block IO controller cgroup interface. This is the common
937 cgroup interface which should be used by various IO controlling
940 Currently, CFQ IO scheduler uses it to recognize task groups and
941 control disk bandwidth allocation (proportional time slice allocation)
942 to such task groups. It is also used by bio throttling logic in
943 block layer to implement upper limit in IO rates on a device.
945 This option only enables generic Block IO controller infrastructure.
946 One needs to also enable actual IO controlling logic/policy. For
947 enabling proportional weight division of disk bandwidth in CFQ, set
948 CONFIG_CFQ_GROUP_IOSCHED=y; for enabling throttling policy, set
949 CONFIG_BLK_DEV_THROTTLING=y.
951 See Documentation/cgroups/blkio-controller.txt for more information.
953 config DEBUG_BLK_CGROUP
954 bool "Enable Block IO controller debugging"
955 depends on BLK_CGROUP
958 Enable some debugging help. Currently it exports additional stat
959 files in a cgroup which can be useful for debugging.
963 config CHECKPOINT_RESTORE
964 bool "Checkpoint/restore support" if EXPERT
967 Enables additional kernel features in a sake of checkpoint/restore.
968 In particular it adds auxiliary prctl codes to setup process text,
969 data and heap segment sizes, and a few additional /proc filesystem
972 If unsure, say N here.
974 menuconfig NAMESPACES
975 bool "Namespaces support" if EXPERT
978 Provides the way to make tasks work with different objects using
979 the same id. For example same IPC id may refer to different objects
980 or same user id or pid may refer to different tasks when used in
981 different namespaces.
989 In this namespace tasks see different info provided with the
994 depends on (SYSVIPC || POSIX_MQUEUE)
997 In this namespace tasks work with IPC ids which correspond to
998 different IPC objects in different namespaces.
1001 bool "User namespace (EXPERIMENTAL)"
1002 depends on EXPERIMENTAL
1003 depends on UIDGID_CONVERTED
1004 select UIDGID_STRICT_TYPE_CHECKS
1008 This allows containers, i.e. vservers, to use user namespaces
1009 to provide different user info for different servers.
1013 bool "PID Namespaces"
1016 Support process id namespaces. This allows having multiple
1017 processes with the same pid as long as they are in different
1018 pid namespaces. This is a building block of containers.
1021 bool "Network namespace"
1025 Allow user space to create what appear to be multiple instances
1026 of the network stack.
1030 config UIDGID_CONVERTED
1031 # True if all of the selected software conmponents are known
1032 # to have uid_t and gid_t converted to kuid_t and kgid_t
1033 # where appropriate and are otherwise safe to use with
1034 # the user namespace.
1039 depends on NET_9P = n
1042 depends on 9P_FS = n
1043 depends on AFS_FS = n
1044 depends on AUTOFS4_FS = n
1045 depends on CEPH_FS = n
1047 depends on CODA_FS = n
1048 depends on FUSE_FS = n
1049 depends on GFS2_FS = n
1050 depends on NCP_FS = n
1052 depends on NFS_FS = n
1053 depends on OCFS2_FS = n
1054 depends on XFS_FS = n
1056 config UIDGID_STRICT_TYPE_CHECKS
1057 bool "Require conversions between uid/gids and their internal representation"
1058 depends on UIDGID_CONVERTED
1061 While the nececessary conversions are being added to all subsystems this option allows
1062 the code to continue to build for unconverted subsystems.
1064 Say Y here if you want the strict type checking enabled
1066 config SCHED_AUTOGROUP
1067 bool "Automatic process group scheduling"
1071 select FAIR_GROUP_SCHED
1073 This option optimizes the scheduler for common desktop workloads by
1074 automatically creating and populating task groups. This separation
1075 of workloads isolates aggressive CPU burners (like build jobs) from
1076 desktop applications. Task group autogeneration is currently based
1082 config SYSFS_DEPRECATED
1083 bool "Enable deprecated sysfs features to support old userspace tools"
1087 This option adds code that switches the layout of the "block" class
1088 devices, to not show up in /sys/class/block/, but only in
1091 This switch is only active when the sysfs.deprecated=1 boot option is
1092 passed or the SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2 option is set.
1094 This option allows new kernels to run on old distributions and tools,
1095 which might get confused by /sys/class/block/. Since 2007/2008 all
1096 major distributions and tools handle this just fine.
1098 Recent distributions and userspace tools after 2009/2010 depend on
1099 the existence of /sys/class/block/, and will not work with this
1102 Only if you are using a new kernel on an old distribution, you might
1105 config SYSFS_DEPRECATED_V2
1106 bool "Enable deprecated sysfs features by default"
1109 depends on SYSFS_DEPRECATED
1111 Enable deprecated sysfs by default.
1113 See the CONFIG_SYSFS_DEPRECATED option for more details about this
1116 Only if you are using a new kernel on an old distribution, you might
1117 need to say Y here. Even then, odds are you would not need it
1118 enabled, you can always pass the boot option if absolutely necessary.
1121 bool "Kernel->user space relay support (formerly relayfs)"
1123 This option enables support for relay interface support in
1124 certain file systems (such as debugfs).
1125 It is designed to provide an efficient mechanism for tools and
1126 facilities to relay large amounts of data from kernel space to
1131 config BLK_DEV_INITRD
1132 bool "Initial RAM filesystem and RAM disk (initramfs/initrd) support"
1133 depends on BROKEN || !FRV
1135 The initial RAM filesystem is a ramfs which is loaded by the
1136 boot loader (loadlin or lilo) and that is mounted as root
1137 before the normal boot procedure. It is typically used to
1138 load modules needed to mount the "real" root file system,
1139 etc. See <file:Documentation/initrd.txt> for details.
1141 If RAM disk support (BLK_DEV_RAM) is also included, this
1142 also enables initial RAM disk (initrd) support and adds
1143 15 Kbytes (more on some other architectures) to the kernel size.
1149 source "usr/Kconfig"
1153 config CC_OPTIMIZE_FOR_SIZE
1154 bool "Optimize for size"
1156 Enabling this option will pass "-Os" instead of "-O2" to gcc
1157 resulting in a smaller kernel.
1168 bool "Configure standard kernel features (expert users)"
1169 # Unhide debug options, to make the on-by-default options visible
1172 This option allows certain base kernel options and settings
1173 to be disabled or tweaked. This is for specialized
1174 environments which can tolerate a "non-standard" kernel.
1175 Only use this if you really know what you are doing.
1181 bool "Enable 16-bit UID system calls" if EXPERT
1182 depends on HAVE_UID16
1185 This enables the legacy 16-bit UID syscall wrappers.
1187 config SYSCTL_SYSCALL
1188 bool "Sysctl syscall support" if EXPERT
1189 depends on PROC_SYSCTL
1193 sys_sysctl uses binary paths that have been found challenging
1194 to properly maintain and use. The interface in /proc/sys
1195 using paths with ascii names is now the primary path to this
1198 Almost nothing using the binary sysctl interface so if you are
1199 trying to save some space it is probably safe to disable this,
1200 making your kernel marginally smaller.
1202 If unsure say N here.
1204 config SYSCTL_EXCEPTION_TRACE
1207 Enable support for /proc/sys/debug/exception-trace.
1210 bool "Load all symbols for debugging/ksymoops" if EXPERT
1213 Say Y here to let the kernel print out symbolic crash information and
1214 symbolic stack backtraces. This increases the size of the kernel
1215 somewhat, as all symbols have to be loaded into the kernel image.
1218 bool "Include all symbols in kallsyms"
1219 depends on DEBUG_KERNEL && KALLSYMS
1221 Normally kallsyms only contains the symbols of functions for nicer
1222 OOPS messages and backtraces (i.e., symbols from the text and inittext
1223 sections). This is sufficient for most cases. And only in very rare
1224 cases (e.g., when a debugger is used) all symbols are required (e.g.,
1225 names of variables from the data sections, etc).
1227 This option makes sure that all symbols are loaded into the kernel
1228 image (i.e., symbols from all sections) in cost of increased kernel
1229 size (depending on the kernel configuration, it may be 300KiB or
1230 something like this).
1232 Say N unless you really need all symbols.
1239 bool "Enable support for printk" if EXPERT
1241 This option enables normal printk support. Removing it
1242 eliminates most of the message strings from the kernel image
1243 and makes the kernel more or less silent. As this makes it
1244 very difficult to diagnose system problems, saying N here is
1245 strongly discouraged.
1248 bool "BUG() support" if EXPERT
1251 Disabling this option eliminates support for BUG and WARN, reducing
1252 the size of your kernel image and potentially quietly ignoring
1253 numerous fatal conditions. You should only consider disabling this
1254 option for embedded systems with no facilities for reporting errors.
1260 bool "Enable ELF core dumps" if EXPERT
1262 Enable support for generating core dumps. Disabling saves about 4k.
1265 config PCSPKR_PLATFORM
1266 bool "Enable PC-Speaker support" if EXPERT
1267 depends on HAVE_PCSPKR_PLATFORM
1271 This option allows to disable the internal PC-Speaker
1272 support, saving some memory.
1274 config HAVE_PCSPKR_PLATFORM
1279 bool "Enable full-sized data structures for core" if EXPERT
1281 Disabling this option reduces the size of miscellaneous core
1282 kernel data structures. This saves memory on small machines,
1283 but may reduce performance.
1286 bool "Enable futex support" if EXPERT
1290 Disabling this option will cause the kernel to be built without
1291 support for "fast userspace mutexes". The resulting kernel may not
1292 run glibc-based applications correctly.
1295 bool "Enable eventpoll support" if EXPERT
1299 Disabling this option will cause the kernel to be built without
1300 support for epoll family of system calls.
1303 bool "Enable signalfd() system call" if EXPERT
1307 Enable the signalfd() system call that allows to receive signals
1308 on a file descriptor.
1313 bool "Enable timerfd() system call" if EXPERT
1317 Enable the timerfd() system call that allows to receive timer
1318 events on a file descriptor.
1323 bool "Enable eventfd() system call" if EXPERT
1327 Enable the eventfd() system call that allows to receive both
1328 kernel notification (ie. KAIO) or userspace notifications.
1333 bool "Use full shmem filesystem" if EXPERT
1337 The shmem is an internal filesystem used to manage shared memory.
1338 It is backed by swap and manages resource limits. It is also exported
1339 to userspace as tmpfs if TMPFS is enabled. Disabling this
1340 option replaces shmem and tmpfs with the much simpler ramfs code,
1341 which may be appropriate on small systems without swap.
1344 bool "Enable AIO support" if EXPERT
1347 This option enables POSIX asynchronous I/O which may by used
1348 by some high performance threaded applications. Disabling
1349 this option saves about 7k.
1352 bool "Embedded system"
1355 This option should be enabled if compiling the kernel for
1356 an embedded system so certain expert options are available
1359 config HAVE_PERF_EVENTS
1362 See tools/perf/design.txt for details.
1364 config PERF_USE_VMALLOC
1367 See tools/perf/design.txt for details
1369 menu "Kernel Performance Events And Counters"
1372 bool "Kernel performance events and counters"
1373 default y if PROFILING
1374 depends on HAVE_PERF_EVENTS
1378 Enable kernel support for various performance events provided
1379 by software and hardware.
1381 Software events are supported either built-in or via the
1382 use of generic tracepoints.
1384 Most modern CPUs support performance events via performance
1385 counter registers. These registers count the number of certain
1386 types of hw events: such as instructions executed, cachemisses
1387 suffered, or branches mis-predicted - without slowing down the
1388 kernel or applications. These registers can also trigger interrupts
1389 when a threshold number of events have passed - and can thus be
1390 used to profile the code that runs on that CPU.
1392 The Linux Performance Event subsystem provides an abstraction of
1393 these software and hardware event capabilities, available via a
1394 system call and used by the "perf" utility in tools/perf/. It
1395 provides per task and per CPU counters, and it provides event
1396 capabilities on top of those.
1400 config DEBUG_PERF_USE_VMALLOC
1402 bool "Debug: use vmalloc to back perf mmap() buffers"
1403 depends on PERF_EVENTS && DEBUG_KERNEL
1404 select PERF_USE_VMALLOC
1406 Use vmalloc memory to back perf mmap() buffers.
1408 Mostly useful for debugging the vmalloc code on platforms
1409 that don't require it.
1415 config VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
1417 bool "Enable VM event counters for /proc/vmstat" if EXPERT
1419 VM event counters are needed for event counts to be shown.
1420 This option allows the disabling of the VM event counters
1421 on EXPERT systems. /proc/vmstat will only show page counts
1422 if VM event counters are disabled.
1426 bool "Enable PCI quirk workarounds" if EXPERT
1429 This enables workarounds for various PCI chipset
1430 bugs/quirks. Disable this only if your target machine is
1431 unaffected by PCI quirks.
1435 bool "Enable SLUB debugging support" if EXPERT
1436 depends on SLUB && SYSFS
1438 SLUB has extensive debug support features. Disabling these can
1439 result in significant savings in code size. This also disables
1440 SLUB sysfs support. /sys/slab will not exist and there will be
1441 no support for cache validation etc.
1444 bool "Disable heap randomization"
1447 Randomizing heap placement makes heap exploits harder, but it
1448 also breaks ancient binaries (including anything libc5 based).
1449 This option changes the bootup default to heap randomization
1450 disabled, and can be overridden at runtime by setting
1451 /proc/sys/kernel/randomize_va_space to 2.
1453 On non-ancient distros (post-2000 ones) N is usually a safe choice.
1456 prompt "Choose SLAB allocator"
1459 This option allows to select a slab allocator.
1464 The regular slab allocator that is established and known to work
1465 well in all environments. It organizes cache hot objects in
1466 per cpu and per node queues.
1469 bool "SLUB (Unqueued Allocator)"
1471 SLUB is a slab allocator that minimizes cache line usage
1472 instead of managing queues of cached objects (SLAB approach).
1473 Per cpu caching is realized using slabs of objects instead
1474 of queues of objects. SLUB can use memory efficiently
1475 and has enhanced diagnostics. SLUB is the default choice for
1480 bool "SLOB (Simple Allocator)"
1482 SLOB replaces the stock allocator with a drastically simpler
1483 allocator. SLOB is generally more space efficient but
1484 does not perform as well on large systems.
1488 config MMAP_ALLOW_UNINITIALIZED
1489 bool "Allow mmapped anonymous memory to be uninitialized"
1490 depends on EXPERT && !MMU
1493 Normally, and according to the Linux spec, anonymous memory obtained
1494 from mmap() has it's contents cleared before it is passed to
1495 userspace. Enabling this config option allows you to request that
1496 mmap() skip that if it is given an MAP_UNINITIALIZED flag, thus
1497 providing a huge performance boost. If this option is not enabled,
1498 then the flag will be ignored.
1500 This is taken advantage of by uClibc's malloc(), and also by
1501 ELF-FDPIC binfmt's brk and stack allocator.
1503 Because of the obvious security issues, this option should only be
1504 enabled on embedded devices where you control what is run in
1505 userspace. Since that isn't generally a problem on no-MMU systems,
1506 it is normally safe to say Y here.
1508 See Documentation/nommu-mmap.txt for more information.
1511 bool "Profiling support"
1513 Say Y here to enable the extended profiling support mechanisms used
1514 by profilers such as OProfile.
1517 # Place an empty function call at each tracepoint site. Can be
1518 # dynamically changed for a probe function.
1523 source "arch/Kconfig"
1525 endmenu # General setup
1527 config HAVE_GENERIC_DMA_COHERENT
1534 depends on SLAB || SLUB_DEBUG
1542 default 0 if BASE_FULL
1543 default 1 if !BASE_FULL
1546 bool "Enable loadable module support"
1548 Kernel modules are small pieces of compiled code which can
1549 be inserted in the running kernel, rather than being
1550 permanently built into the kernel. You use the "modprobe"
1551 tool to add (and sometimes remove) them. If you say Y here,
1552 many parts of the kernel can be built as modules (by
1553 answering M instead of Y where indicated): this is most
1554 useful for infrequently used options which are not required
1555 for booting. For more information, see the man pages for
1556 modprobe, lsmod, modinfo, insmod and rmmod.
1558 If you say Y here, you will need to run "make
1559 modules_install" to put the modules under /lib/modules/
1560 where modprobe can find them (you may need to be root to do
1567 config MODULE_FORCE_LOAD
1568 bool "Forced module loading"
1571 Allow loading of modules without version information (ie. modprobe
1572 --force). Forced module loading sets the 'F' (forced) taint flag and
1573 is usually a really bad idea.
1575 config MODULE_UNLOAD
1576 bool "Module unloading"
1578 Without this option you will not be able to unload any
1579 modules (note that some modules may not be unloadable
1580 anyway), which makes your kernel smaller, faster
1581 and simpler. If unsure, say Y.
1583 config MODULE_FORCE_UNLOAD
1584 bool "Forced module unloading"
1585 depends on MODULE_UNLOAD && EXPERIMENTAL
1587 This option allows you to force a module to unload, even if the
1588 kernel believes it is unsafe: the kernel will remove the module
1589 without waiting for anyone to stop using it (using the -f option to
1590 rmmod). This is mainly for kernel developers and desperate users.
1594 bool "Module versioning support"
1596 Usually, you have to use modules compiled with your kernel.
1597 Saying Y here makes it sometimes possible to use modules
1598 compiled for different kernels, by adding enough information
1599 to the modules to (hopefully) spot any changes which would
1600 make them incompatible with the kernel you are running. If
1603 config MODULE_SRCVERSION_ALL
1604 bool "Source checksum for all modules"
1606 Modules which contain a MODULE_VERSION get an extra "srcversion"
1607 field inserted into their modinfo section, which contains a
1608 sum of the source files which made it. This helps maintainers
1609 see exactly which source was used to build a module (since
1610 others sometimes change the module source without updating
1611 the version). With this option, such a "srcversion" field
1612 will be created for all modules. If unsure, say N.
1615 bool "Module signature verification"
1619 select ASYMMETRIC_KEY_TYPE
1620 select ASYMMETRIC_PUBLIC_KEY_SUBTYPE
1621 select PUBLIC_KEY_ALGO_RSA
1624 select X509_CERTIFICATE_PARSER
1626 Check modules for valid signatures upon load: the signature
1627 is simply appended to the module. For more information see
1628 Documentation/module-signing.txt.
1630 !!!WARNING!!! If you enable this option, you MUST make sure that the
1631 module DOES NOT get stripped after being signed. This includes the
1632 debuginfo strip done by some packagers (such as rpmbuild) and
1633 inclusion into an initramfs that wants the module size reduced.
1635 config MODULE_SIG_FORCE
1636 bool "Require modules to be validly signed"
1637 depends on MODULE_SIG
1639 Reject unsigned modules or signed modules for which we don't have a
1640 key. Without this, such modules will simply taint the kernel.
1643 prompt "Which hash algorithm should modules be signed with?"
1644 depends on MODULE_SIG
1646 This determines which sort of hashing algorithm will be used during
1647 signature generation. This algorithm _must_ be built into the kernel
1648 directly so that signature verification can take place. It is not
1649 possible to load a signed module containing the algorithm to check
1650 the signature on that module.
1652 config MODULE_SIG_SHA1
1653 bool "Sign modules with SHA-1"
1656 config MODULE_SIG_SHA224
1657 bool "Sign modules with SHA-224"
1658 select CRYPTO_SHA256
1660 config MODULE_SIG_SHA256
1661 bool "Sign modules with SHA-256"
1662 select CRYPTO_SHA256
1664 config MODULE_SIG_SHA384
1665 bool "Sign modules with SHA-384"
1666 select CRYPTO_SHA512
1668 config MODULE_SIG_SHA512
1669 bool "Sign modules with SHA-512"
1670 select CRYPTO_SHA512
1676 config INIT_ALL_POSSIBLE
1679 Back when each arch used to define their own cpu_online_mask and
1680 cpu_possible_mask, some of them chose to initialize cpu_possible_mask
1681 with all 1s, and others with all 0s. When they were centralised,
1682 it was better to provide this option than to break all the archs
1683 and have several arch maintainers pursuing me down dark alleys.
1688 depends on (SMP && MODULE_UNLOAD) || HOTPLUG_CPU
1690 Need stop_machine() primitive.
1692 source "block/Kconfig"
1694 config PREEMPT_NOTIFIERS
1701 # Can be selected by architectures with broken toolchains
1702 # that get confused by correct const<->read_only section
1704 config BROKEN_RODATA
1710 Build a simple ASN.1 grammar compiler that produces a bytecode output
1711 that can be interpreted by the ASN.1 stream decoder and used to
1712 inform it as to what tags are to be expected in a stream and what
1713 functions to call on what tags.
1715 source "kernel/Kconfig.locks"
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