mm/vmstat.c

   1 /*
   2  *  linux/mm/vmstat.c
   3  *
   4  *  Manages VM statistics
   5  *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994  Linus Torvalds
   6  *
   7  *  zoned VM statistics
   8  *  Copyright (C) 2006 Silicon Graphics, Inc.,
   9  *              Christoph Lameter <christoph@lameter.com>
  10  *  Copyright (C) 2008-2014 Christoph Lameter
  11  */
  12 #include <linux/fs.h>
  13 #include <linux/mm.h>
  14 #include <linux/err.h>
  15 #include <linux/module.h>
  16 #include <linux/slab.h>
  17 #include <linux/cpu.h>
  18 #include <linux/cpumask.h>
  19 #include <linux/vmstat.h>
  20 #include <linux/proc_fs.h>
  21 #include <linux/seq_file.h>
  22 #include <linux/debugfs.h>
  23 #include <linux/sched.h>
  24 #include <linux/math64.h>
  25 #include <linux/writeback.h>
  26 #include <linux/compaction.h>
  27 #include <linux/mm_inline.h>
  28 #include <linux/page_ext.h>
  29 #include <linux/page_owner.h>
  30
  31 #include "internal.h"
  32
  33 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
  34 DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct vm_event_state, vm_event_states) = {{0}};
  35 EXPORT_PER_CPU_SYMBOL(vm_event_states);
  36
  37 static void sum_vm_events(unsigned long *ret)
  38 {
  39         int cpu;
  40         int i;
  41
  42         memset(ret, 0, NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long));
  43
  44         for_each_online_cpu(cpu) {
  45                 struct vm_event_state *this = &per_cpu(vm_event_states, cpu);
  46
  47                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS; i++)
  48                         ret[i] += this->event[i];
  49         }
  50 }
  51
  52 /*
  53  * Accumulate the vm event counters across all CPUs.
  54  * The result is unavoidably approximate - it can change
  55  * during and after execution of this function.
  56 */
  57 void all_vm_events(unsigned long *ret)
  58 {
  59         get_online_cpus();
  60         sum_vm_events(ret);
  61         put_online_cpus();
  62 }
  63 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(all_vm_events);
  64
  65 /*
  66  * Fold the foreign cpu events into our own.
  67  *
  68  * This is adding to the events on one processor
  69  * but keeps the global counts constant.
  70  */
  71 void vm_events_fold_cpu(int cpu)
  72 {
  73         struct vm_event_state *fold_state = &per_cpu(vm_event_states, cpu);
  74         int i;
  75
  76         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_EVENT_ITEMS; i++) {
  77                 count_vm_events(i, fold_state->event[i]);
  78                 fold_state->event[i] = 0;
  79         }
  80 }
  81
  82 #endif /* CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS */
  83
  84 /*
  85  * Manage combined zone based / global counters
  86  *
  87  * vm_stat contains the global counters
  88  */
  89 atomic_long_t vm_stat[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS] __cacheline_aligned_in_smp;
  90 EXPORT_SYMBOL(vm_stat);
  91
  92 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
  93
  94 int calculate_pressure_threshold(struct zone *zone)
  95 {
  96         int threshold;
  97         int watermark_distance;
  98
  99         /*
 100          * As vmstats are not up to date, there is drift between the estimated
 101          * and real values. For high thresholds and a high number of CPUs, it
 102          * is possible for the min watermark to be breached while the estimated
 103          * value looks fine. The pressure threshold is a reduced value such
 104          * that even the maximum amount of drift will not accidentally breach
 105          * the min watermark
 106          */
 107         watermark_distance = low_wmark_pages(zone) - min_wmark_pages(zone);
 108         threshold = max(1, (int)(watermark_distance / num_online_cpus()));
 109
 110         /*
 111          * Maximum threshold is 125
 112          */
 113         threshold = min(125, threshold);
 114
 115         return threshold;
 116 }
 117
 118 int calculate_normal_threshold(struct zone *zone)
 119 {
 120         int threshold;
 121         int mem;        /* memory in 128 MB units */
 122
 123         /*
 124          * The threshold scales with the number of processors and the amount
 125          * of memory per zone. More memory means that we can defer updates for
 126          * longer, more processors could lead to more contention.
 127          * fls() is used to have a cheap way of logarithmic scaling.
 128          *
 129          * Some sample thresholds:
 130          *
 131          * Threshold    Processors      (fls)   Zonesize        fls(mem+1)
 132          * ------------------------------------------------------------------
 133          * 8            1               1       0.9-1 GB        4
 134          * 16           2               2       0.9-1 GB        4
 135          * 20           2               2       1-2 GB          5
 136          * 24           2               2       2-4 GB          6
 137          * 28           2               2       4-8 GB          7
 138          * 32           2               2       8-16 GB         8
 139          * 4            2               2       <128M           1
 140          * 30           4               3       2-4 GB          5
 141          * 48           4               3       8-16 GB         8
 142          * 32           8               4       1-2 GB          4
 143          * 32           8               4       0.9-1GB         4
 144          * 10           16              5       <128M           1
 145          * 40           16              5       900M            4
 146          * 70           64              7       2-4 GB          5
 147          * 84           64              7       4-8 GB          6
 148          * 108          512             9       4-8 GB          6
 149          * 125          1024            10      8-16 GB         8
 150          * 125          1024            10      16-32 GB        9
 151          */
 152
 153         mem = zone->managed_pages >> (27 - PAGE_SHIFT);
 154
 155         threshold = 2 * fls(num_online_cpus()) * (1 + fls(mem));
 156
 157         /*
 158          * Maximum threshold is 125
 159          */
 160         threshold = min(125, threshold);
 161
 162         return threshold;
 163 }
 164
 165 /*
 166  * Refresh the thresholds for each zone.
 167  */
 168 void refresh_zone_stat_thresholds(void)
 169 {
 170         struct zone *zone;
 171         int cpu;
 172         int threshold;
 173
 174         for_each_populated_zone(zone) {
 175                 unsigned long max_drift, tolerate_drift;
 176
 177                 threshold = calculate_normal_threshold(zone);
 178
 179                 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
 180                         per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, cpu)->stat_threshold
 181                                                         = threshold;
 182
 183                 /*
 184                  * Only set percpu_drift_mark if there is a danger that
 185                  * NR_FREE_PAGES reports the low watermark is ok when in fact
 186                  * the min watermark could be breached by an allocation
 187                  */
 188                 tolerate_drift = low_wmark_pages(zone) - min_wmark_pages(zone);
 189                 max_drift = num_online_cpus() * threshold;
 190                 if (max_drift > tolerate_drift)
 191                         zone->percpu_drift_mark = high_wmark_pages(zone) +
 192                                         max_drift;
 193         }
 194 }
 195
 196 void set_pgdat_percpu_threshold(pg_data_t *pgdat,
 197                                 int (*calculate_pressure)(struct zone *))
 198 {
 199         struct zone *zone;
 200         int cpu;
 201         int threshold;
 202         int i;
 203
 204         for (i = 0; i < pgdat->nr_zones; i++) {
 205                 zone = &pgdat->node_zones[i];
 206                 if (!zone->percpu_drift_mark)
 207                         continue;
 208
 209                 threshold = (*calculate_pressure)(zone);
 210                 for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
 211                         per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, cpu)->stat_threshold
 212                                                         = threshold;
 213         }
 214 }
 215
 216 /*
 217  * For use when we know that interrupts are disabled,
 218  * or when we know that preemption is disabled and that
 219  * particular counter cannot be updated from interrupt context.
 220  */
 221 void __mod_zone_page_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item,
 222                                 int delta)
 223 {
 224         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 225         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item;
 226         long x;
 227         long t;
 228
 229         x = delta + __this_cpu_read(*p);
 230
 231         t = __this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 232
 233         if (unlikely(x > t || x < -t)) {
 234                 zone_page_state_add(x, zone, item);
 235                 x = 0;
 236         }
 237         __this_cpu_write(*p, x);
 238 }
 239 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__mod_zone_page_state);
 240
 241 /*
 242  * Optimized increment and decrement functions.
 243  *
 244  * These are only for a single page and therefore can take a struct page *
 245  * argument instead of struct zone *. This allows the inclusion of the code
 246  * generated for page_zone(page) into the optimized functions.
 247  *
 248  * No overflow check is necessary and therefore the differential can be
 249  * incremented or decremented in place which may allow the compilers to
 250  * generate better code.
 251  * The increment or decrement is known and therefore one boundary check can
 252  * be omitted.
 253  *
 254  * NOTE: These functions are very performance sensitive. Change only
 255  * with care.
 256  *
 257  * Some processors have inc/dec instructions that are atomic vs an interrupt.
 258  * However, the code must first determine the differential location in a zone
 259  * based on the processor number and then inc/dec the counter. There is no
 260  * guarantee without disabling preemption that the processor will not change
 261  * in between and therefore the atomicity vs. interrupt cannot be exploited
 262  * in a useful way here.
 263  */
 264 void __inc_zone_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item)
 265 {
 266         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 267         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item;
 268         s8 v, t;
 269
 270         v = __this_cpu_inc_return(*p);
 271         t = __this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 272         if (unlikely(v > t)) {
 273                 s8 overstep = t >> 1;
 274
 275                 zone_page_state_add(v + overstep, zone, item);
 276                 __this_cpu_write(*p, -overstep);
 277         }
 278 }
 279
 280 void __inc_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 281 {
 282         __inc_zone_state(page_zone(page), item);
 283 }
 284 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__inc_zone_page_state);
 285
 286 void __dec_zone_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item)
 287 {
 288         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 289         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item;
 290         s8 v, t;
 291
 292         v = __this_cpu_dec_return(*p);
 293         t = __this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 294         if (unlikely(v < - t)) {
 295                 s8 overstep = t >> 1;
 296
 297                 zone_page_state_add(v - overstep, zone, item);
 298                 __this_cpu_write(*p, overstep);
 299         }
 300 }
 301
 302 void __dec_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 303 {
 304         __dec_zone_state(page_zone(page), item);
 305 }
 306 EXPORT_SYMBOL(__dec_zone_page_state);
 307
 308 #ifdef CONFIG_HAVE_CMPXCHG_LOCAL
 309 /*
 310  * If we have cmpxchg_local support then we do not need to incur the overhead
 311  * that comes with local_irq_save/restore if we use this_cpu_cmpxchg.
 312  *
 313  * mod_state() modifies the zone counter state through atomic per cpu
 314  * operations.
 315  *
 316  * Overstep mode specifies how overstep should handled:
 317  *     0       No overstepping
 318  *     1       Overstepping half of threshold
 319  *     -1      Overstepping minus half of threshold
 320 */
 321 static inline void mod_state(struct zone *zone,
 322        enum zone_stat_item item, int delta, int overstep_mode)
 323 {
 324         struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *pcp = zone->pageset;
 325         s8 __percpu *p = pcp->vm_stat_diff + item;
 326         long o, n, t, z;
 327
 328         do {
 329                 z = 0;  /* overflow to zone counters */
 330
 331                 /*
 332                  * The fetching of the stat_threshold is racy. We may apply
 333                  * a counter threshold to the wrong the cpu if we get
 334                  * rescheduled while executing here. However, the next
 335                  * counter update will apply the threshold again and
 336                  * therefore bring the counter under the threshold again.
 337                  *
 338                  * Most of the time the thresholds are the same anyways
 339                  * for all cpus in a zone.
 340                  */
 341                 t = this_cpu_read(pcp->stat_threshold);
 342
 343                 o = this_cpu_read(*p);
 344                 n = delta + o;
 345
 346                 if (n > t || n < -t) {
 347                         int os = overstep_mode * (t >> 1) ;
 348
 349                         /* Overflow must be added to zone counters */
 350                         z = n + os;
 351                         n = -os;
 352                 }
 353         } while (this_cpu_cmpxchg(*p, o, n) != o);
 354
 355         if (z)
 356                 zone_page_state_add(z, zone, item);
 357 }
 358
 359 void mod_zone_page_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item,
 360                                         int delta)
 361 {
 362         mod_state(zone, item, delta, 0);
 363 }
 364 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_zone_page_state);
 365
 366 void inc_zone_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item)
 367 {
 368         mod_state(zone, item, 1, 1);
 369 }
 370
 371 void inc_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 372 {
 373         mod_state(page_zone(page), item, 1, 1);
 374 }
 375 EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_zone_page_state);
 376
 377 void dec_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 378 {
 379         mod_state(page_zone(page), item, -1, -1);
 380 }
 381 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dec_zone_page_state);
 382 #else
 383 /*
 384  * Use interrupt disable to serialize counter updates
 385  */
 386 void mod_zone_page_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item,
 387                                         int delta)
 388 {
 389         unsigned long flags;
 390
 391         local_irq_save(flags);
 392         __mod_zone_page_state(zone, item, delta);
 393         local_irq_restore(flags);
 394 }
 395 EXPORT_SYMBOL(mod_zone_page_state);
 396
 397 void inc_zone_state(struct zone *zone, enum zone_stat_item item)
 398 {
 399         unsigned long flags;
 400
 401         local_irq_save(flags);
 402         __inc_zone_state(zone, item);
 403         local_irq_restore(flags);
 404 }
 405
 406 void inc_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 407 {
 408         unsigned long flags;
 409         struct zone *zone;
 410
 411         zone = page_zone(page);
 412         local_irq_save(flags);
 413         __inc_zone_state(zone, item);
 414         local_irq_restore(flags);
 415 }
 416 EXPORT_SYMBOL(inc_zone_page_state);
 417
 418 void dec_zone_page_state(struct page *page, enum zone_stat_item item)
 419 {
 420         unsigned long flags;
 421
 422         local_irq_save(flags);
 423         __dec_zone_page_state(page, item);
 424         local_irq_restore(flags);
 425 }
 426 EXPORT_SYMBOL(dec_zone_page_state);
 427 #endif
 428
 429
 430 /*
 431  * Fold a differential into the global counters.
 432  * Returns the number of counters updated.
 433  */
 434 static int fold_diff(int *diff)
 435 {
 436         int i;
 437         int changes = 0;
 438
 439         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 440                 if (diff[i]) {
 441                         atomic_long_add(diff[i], &vm_stat[i]);
 442                         changes++;
 443         }
 444         return changes;
 445 }
 446
 447 /*
 448  * Update the zone counters for the current cpu.
 449  *
 450  * Note that refresh_cpu_vm_stats strives to only access
 451  * node local memory. The per cpu pagesets on remote zones are placed
 452  * in the memory local to the processor using that pageset. So the
 453  * loop over all zones will access a series of cachelines local to
 454  * the processor.
 455  *
 456  * The call to zone_page_state_add updates the cachelines with the
 457  * statistics in the remote zone struct as well as the global cachelines
 458  * with the global counters. These could cause remote node cache line
 459  * bouncing and will have to be only done when necessary.
 460  *
 461  * The function returns the number of global counters updated.
 462  */
 463 static int refresh_cpu_vm_stats(void)
 464 {
 465         struct zone *zone;
 466         int i;
 467         int global_diff[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS] = { 0, };
 468         int changes = 0;
 469
 470         for_each_populated_zone(zone) {
 471                 struct per_cpu_pageset __percpu *p = zone->pageset;
 472
 473                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++) {
 474                         int v;
 475
 476                         v = this_cpu_xchg(p->vm_stat_diff[i], 0);
 477                         if (v) {
 478
 479                                 atomic_long_add(v, &zone->vm_stat[i]);
 480                                 global_diff[i] += v;
 481 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 482                                 /* 3 seconds idle till flush */
 483                                 __this_cpu_write(p->expire, 3);
 484 #endif
 485                         }
 486                 }
 487                 cond_resched();
 488 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 489                 /*
 490                  * Deal with draining the remote pageset of this
 491                  * processor
 492                  *
 493                  * Check if there are pages remaining in this pageset
 494                  * if not then there is nothing to expire.
 495                  */
 496                 if (!__this_cpu_read(p->expire) ||
 497                                !__this_cpu_read(p->pcp.count))
 498                         continue;
 499
 500                 /*
 501                  * We never drain zones local to this processor.
 502                  */
 503                 if (zone_to_nid(zone) == numa_node_id()) {
 504                         __this_cpu_write(p->expire, 0);
 505                         continue;
 506                 }
 507
 508                 if (__this_cpu_dec_return(p->expire))
 509                         continue;
 510
 511                 if (__this_cpu_read(p->pcp.count)) {
 512                         drain_zone_pages(zone, this_cpu_ptr(&p->pcp));
 513                         changes++;
 514                 }
 515 #endif
 516         }
 517         changes += fold_diff(global_diff);
 518         return changes;
 519 }
 520
 521 /*
 522  * Fold the data for an offline cpu into the global array.
 523  * There cannot be any access by the offline cpu and therefore
 524  * synchronization is simplified.
 525  */
 526 void cpu_vm_stats_fold(int cpu)
 527 {
 528         struct zone *zone;
 529         int i;
 530         int global_diff[NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS] = { 0, };
 531
 532         for_each_populated_zone(zone) {
 533                 struct per_cpu_pageset *p;
 534
 535                 p = per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, cpu);
 536
 537                 for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 538                         if (p->vm_stat_diff[i]) {
 539                                 int v;
 540
 541                                 v = p->vm_stat_diff[i];
 542                                 p->vm_stat_diff[i] = 0;
 543                                 atomic_long_add(v, &zone->vm_stat[i]);
 544                                 global_diff[i] += v;
 545                         }
 546         }
 547
 548         fold_diff(global_diff);
 549 }
 550
 551 /*
 552  * this is only called if !populated_zone(zone), which implies no other users of
 553  * pset->vm_stat_diff[] exsist.
 554  */
 555 void drain_zonestat(struct zone *zone, struct per_cpu_pageset *pset)
 556 {
 557         int i;
 558
 559         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
 560                 if (pset->vm_stat_diff[i]) {
 561                         int v = pset->vm_stat_diff[i];
 562                         pset->vm_stat_diff[i] = 0;
 563                         atomic_long_add(v, &zone->vm_stat[i]);
 564                         atomic_long_add(v, &vm_stat[i]);
 565                 }
 566 }
 567 #endif
 568
 569 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 570 /*
 571  * zonelist = the list of zones passed to the allocator
 572  * z        = the zone from which the allocation occurred.
 573  *
 574  * Must be called with interrupts disabled.
 575  *
 576  * When __GFP_OTHER_NODE is set assume the node of the preferred
 577  * zone is the local node. This is useful for daemons who allocate
 578  * memory on behalf of other processes.
 579  */
 580 void zone_statistics(struct zone *preferred_zone, struct zone *z, gfp_t flags)
 581 {
 582         if (z->zone_pgdat == preferred_zone->zone_pgdat) {
 583                 __inc_zone_state(z, NUMA_HIT);
 584         } else {
 585                 __inc_zone_state(z, NUMA_MISS);
 586                 __inc_zone_state(preferred_zone, NUMA_FOREIGN);
 587         }
 588         if (z->node == ((flags & __GFP_OTHER_NODE) ?
 589                         preferred_zone->node : numa_node_id()))
 590                 __inc_zone_state(z, NUMA_LOCAL);
 591         else
 592                 __inc_zone_state(z, NUMA_OTHER);
 593 }
 594
 595 /*
 596  * Determine the per node value of a stat item.
 597  */
 598 unsigned long node_page_state(int node, enum zone_stat_item item)
 599 {
 600         struct zone *zones = NODE_DATA(node)->node_zones;
 601
 602         return
 603 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
 604                 zone_page_state(&zones[ZONE_DMA], item) +
 605 #endif
 606 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
 607                 zone_page_state(&zones[ZONE_DMA32], item) +
 608 #endif
 609 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 610                 zone_page_state(&zones[ZONE_HIGHMEM], item) +
 611 #endif
 612                 zone_page_state(&zones[ZONE_NORMAL], item) +
 613                 zone_page_state(&zones[ZONE_MOVABLE], item);
 614 }
 615
 616 #endif
 617
 618 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
 619
 620 struct contig_page_info {
 621         unsigned long free_pages;
 622         unsigned long free_blocks_total;
 623         unsigned long free_blocks_suitable;
 624 };
 625
 626 /*
 627  * Calculate the number of free pages in a zone, how many contiguous
 628  * pages are free and how many are large enough to satisfy an allocation of
 629  * the target size. Note that this function makes no attempt to estimate
 630  * how many suitable free blocks there *might* be if MOVABLE pages were
 631  * migrated. Calculating that is possible, but expensive and can be
 632  * figured out from userspace
 633  */
 634 static void fill_contig_page_info(struct zone *zone,
 635                                 unsigned int suitable_order,
 636                                 struct contig_page_info *info)
 637 {
 638         unsigned int order;
 639
 640         info->free_pages = 0;
 641         info->free_blocks_total = 0;
 642         info->free_blocks_suitable = 0;
 643
 644         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; order++) {
 645                 unsigned long blocks;
 646
 647                 /* Count number of free blocks */
 648                 blocks = zone->free_area[order].nr_free;
 649                 info->free_blocks_total += blocks;
 650
 651                 /* Count free base pages */
 652                 info->free_pages += blocks << order;
 653
 654                 /* Count the suitable free blocks */
 655                 if (order >= suitable_order)
 656                         info->free_blocks_suitable += blocks <<
 657                                                 (order - suitable_order);
 658         }
 659 }
 660
 661 /*
 662  * A fragmentation index only makes sense if an allocation of a requested
 663  * size would fail. If that is true, the fragmentation index indicates
 664  * whether external fragmentation or a lack of memory was the problem.
 665  * The value can be used to determine if page reclaim or compaction
 666  * should be used
 667  */
 668 static int __fragmentation_index(unsigned int order, struct contig_page_info *info)
 669 {
 670         unsigned long requested = 1UL << order;
 671
 672         if (!info->free_blocks_total)
 673                 return 0;
 674
 675         /* Fragmentation index only makes sense when a request would fail */
 676         if (info->free_blocks_suitable)
 677                 return -1000;
 678
 679         /*
 680          * Index is between 0 and 1 so return within 3 decimal places
 681          *
 682          * 0 => allocation would fail due to lack of memory
 683          * 1 => allocation would fail due to fragmentation
 684          */
 685         return 1000 - div_u64( (1000+(div_u64(info->free_pages * 1000ULL, requested))), info->free_blocks_total);
 686 }
 687
 688 /* Same as __fragmentation index but allocs contig_page_info on stack */
 689 int fragmentation_index(struct zone *zone, unsigned int order)
 690 {
 691         struct contig_page_info info;
 692
 693         fill_contig_page_info(zone, order, &info);
 694         return __fragmentation_index(order, &info);
 695 }
 696 #endif
 697
 698 #if defined(CONFIG_PROC_FS) || defined(CONFIG_SYSFS) || defined(CONFIG_NUMA)
 699 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
 700 #define TEXT_FOR_DMA(xx) xx "_dma",
 701 #else
 702 #define TEXT_FOR_DMA(xx)
 703 #endif
 704
 705 #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
 706 #define TEXT_FOR_DMA32(xx) xx "_dma32",
 707 #else
 708 #define TEXT_FOR_DMA32(xx)
 709 #endif
 710
 711 #ifdef CONFIG_HIGHMEM
 712 #define TEXT_FOR_HIGHMEM(xx) xx "_high",
 713 #else
 714 #define TEXT_FOR_HIGHMEM(xx)
 715 #endif
 716
 717 #define TEXTS_FOR_ZONES(xx) TEXT_FOR_DMA(xx) TEXT_FOR_DMA32(xx) xx "_normal", \
 718                                         TEXT_FOR_HIGHMEM(xx) xx "_movable",
 719
 720 const char * const vmstat_text[] = {
 721         /* enum zone_stat_item countes */
 722         "nr_free_pages",
 723         "nr_alloc_batch",
 724         "nr_inactive_anon",
 725         "nr_active_anon",
 726         "nr_inactive_file",
 727         "nr_active_file",
 728         "nr_unevictable",
 729         "nr_mlock",
 730         "nr_anon_pages",
 731         "nr_mapped",
 732         "nr_file_pages",
 733         "nr_dirty",
 734         "nr_writeback",
 735         "nr_slab_reclaimable",
 736         "nr_slab_unreclaimable",
 737         "nr_page_table_pages",
 738         "nr_kernel_stack",
 739         "nr_unstable",
 740         "nr_bounce",
 741         "nr_vmscan_write",
 742         "nr_vmscan_immediate_reclaim",
 743         "nr_writeback_temp",
 744         "nr_isolated_anon",
 745         "nr_isolated_file",
 746         "nr_shmem",
 747         "nr_dirtied",
 748         "nr_written",
 749         "nr_pages_scanned",
 750
 751 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 752         "numa_hit",
 753         "numa_miss",
 754         "numa_foreign",
 755         "numa_interleave",
 756         "numa_local",
 757         "numa_other",
 758 #endif
 759         "workingset_refault",
 760         "workingset_activate",
 761         "workingset_nodereclaim",
 762         "nr_anon_transparent_hugepages",
 763         "nr_free_cma",
 764
 765         /* enum writeback_stat_item counters */
 766         "nr_dirty_threshold",
 767         "nr_dirty_background_threshold",
 768
 769 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
 770         /* enum vm_event_item counters */
 771         "pgpgin",
 772         "pgpgout",
 773         "pswpin",
 774         "pswpout",
 775
 776         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgalloc")
 777
 778         "pgfree",
 779         "pgactivate",
 780         "pgdeactivate",
 781
 782         "pgfault",
 783         "pgmajfault",
 784
 785         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgrefill")
 786         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgsteal_kswapd")
 787         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgsteal_direct")
 788         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgscan_kswapd")
 789         TEXTS_FOR_ZONES("pgscan_direct")
 790         "pgscan_direct_throttle",
 791
 792 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA
 793         "zone_reclaim_failed",
 794 #endif
 795         "pginodesteal",
 796         "slabs_scanned",
 797         "kswapd_inodesteal",
 798         "kswapd_low_wmark_hit_quickly",
 799         "kswapd_high_wmark_hit_quickly",
 800         "pageoutrun",
 801         "allocstall",
 802
 803         "pgrotated",
 804
 805         "drop_pagecache",
 806         "drop_slab",
 807
 808 #ifdef CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING
 809         "numa_pte_updates",
 810         "numa_huge_pte_updates",
 811         "numa_hint_faults",
 812         "numa_hint_faults_local",
 813         "numa_pages_migrated",
 814 #endif
 815 #ifdef CONFIG_MIGRATION
 816         "pgmigrate_success",
 817         "pgmigrate_fail",
 818 #endif
 819 #ifdef CONFIG_COMPACTION
 820         "compact_migrate_scanned",
 821         "compact_free_scanned",
 822         "compact_isolated",
 823         "compact_stall",
 824         "compact_fail",
 825         "compact_success",
 826 #endif
 827
 828 #ifdef CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE
 829         "htlb_buddy_alloc_success",
 830         "htlb_buddy_alloc_fail",
 831 #endif
 832         "unevictable_pgs_culled",
 833         "unevictable_pgs_scanned",
 834         "unevictable_pgs_rescued",
 835         "unevictable_pgs_mlocked",
 836         "unevictable_pgs_munlocked",
 837         "unevictable_pgs_cleared",
 838         "unevictable_pgs_stranded",
 839
 840 #ifdef CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
 841         "thp_fault_alloc",
 842         "thp_fault_fallback",
 843         "thp_collapse_alloc",
 844         "thp_collapse_alloc_failed",
 845         "thp_split",
 846         "thp_zero_page_alloc",
 847         "thp_zero_page_alloc_failed",
 848 #endif
 849 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_BALLOON
 850         "balloon_inflate",
 851         "balloon_deflate",
 852 #ifdef CONFIG_BALLOON_COMPACTION
 853         "balloon_migrate",
 854 #endif
 855 #endif /* CONFIG_MEMORY_BALLOON */
 856 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_TLBFLUSH
 857 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
 858         "nr_tlb_remote_flush",
 859         "nr_tlb_remote_flush_received",
 860 #endif /* CONFIG_SMP */
 861         "nr_tlb_local_flush_all",
 862         "nr_tlb_local_flush_one",
 863 #endif /* CONFIG_DEBUG_TLBFLUSH */
 864
 865 #ifdef CONFIG_DEBUG_VM_VMACACHE
 866         "vmacache_find_calls",
 867         "vmacache_find_hits",
 868         "vmacache_full_flushes",
 869 #endif
 870 #endif /* CONFIG_VM_EVENTS_COUNTERS */
 871 };
 872 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS || CONFIG_SYSFS || CONFIG_NUMA */
 873
 874
 875 #if (defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS) && defined(CONFIG_COMPACTION)) || \
 876      defined(CONFIG_PROC_FS)
 877 static void *frag_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
 878 {
 879         pg_data_t *pgdat;
 880         loff_t node = *pos;
 881
 882         for (pgdat = first_online_pgdat();
 883              pgdat && node;
 884              pgdat = next_online_pgdat(pgdat))
 885                 --node;
 886
 887         return pgdat;
 888 }
 889
 890 static void *frag_next(struct seq_file *m, void *arg, loff_t *pos)
 891 {
 892         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
 893
 894         (*pos)++;
 895         return next_online_pgdat(pgdat);
 896 }
 897
 898 static void frag_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
 899 {
 900 }
 901
 902 /* Walk all the zones in a node and print using a callback */
 903 static void walk_zones_in_node(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *pgdat,
 904                 void (*print)(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *, struct zone *))
 905 {
 906         struct zone *zone;
 907         struct zone *node_zones = pgdat->node_zones;
 908         unsigned long flags;
 909
 910         for (zone = node_zones; zone - node_zones < MAX_NR_ZONES; ++zone) {
 911                 if (!populated_zone(zone))
 912                         continue;
 913
 914                 spin_lock_irqsave(&zone->lock, flags);
 915                 print(m, pgdat, zone);
 916                 spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lock, flags);
 917         }
 918 }
 919 #endif
 920
 921 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
 922 static char * const migratetype_names[MIGRATE_TYPES] = {
 923         "Unmovable",
 924         "Reclaimable",
 925         "Movable",
 926 #ifdef CONFIG_CMA
 927         "CMA",
 928 #endif
 929 #ifdef CONFIG_MEMORY_ISOLATION
 930         "Isolate",
 931 #endif
 932 };
 933
 934 static void frag_show_print(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *pgdat,
 935                                                 struct zone *zone)
 936 {
 937         int order;
 938
 939         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ", pgdat->node_id, zone->name);
 940         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order)
 941                 seq_printf(m, "%6lu ", zone->free_area[order].nr_free);
 942         seq_putc(m, '\n');
 943 }
 944
 945 /*
 946  * This walks the free areas for each zone.
 947  */
 948 static int frag_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
 949 {
 950         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
 951         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, frag_show_print);
 952         return 0;
 953 }
 954
 955 static void pagetypeinfo_showfree_print(struct seq_file *m,
 956                                         pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
 957 {
 958         int order, mtype;
 959
 960         for (mtype = 0; mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES; mtype++) {
 961                 seq_printf(m, "Node %4d, zone %8s, type %12s ",
 962                                         pgdat->node_id,
 963                                         zone->name,
 964                                         migratetype_names[mtype]);
 965                 for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order) {
 966                         unsigned long freecount = 0;
 967                         struct free_area *area;
 968                         struct list_head *curr;
 969
 970                         area = &(zone->free_area[order]);
 971
 972                         list_for_each(curr, &area->free_list[mtype])
 973                                 freecount++;
 974                         seq_printf(m, "%6lu ", freecount);
 975                 }
 976                 seq_putc(m, '\n');
 977         }
 978 }
 979
 980 /* Print out the free pages at each order for each migatetype */
 981 static int pagetypeinfo_showfree(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
 982 {
 983         int order;
 984         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
 985
 986         /* Print header */
 987         seq_printf(m, "%-43s ", "Free pages count per migrate type at order");
 988         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order)
 989                 seq_printf(m, "%6d ", order);
 990         seq_putc(m, '\n');
 991
 992         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, pagetypeinfo_showfree_print);
 993
 994         return 0;
 995 }
 996
 997 static void pagetypeinfo_showblockcount_print(struct seq_file *m,
 998                                         pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
 999 {
1000         int mtype;
1001         unsigned long pfn;
1002         unsigned long start_pfn = zone->zone_start_pfn;
1003         unsigned long end_pfn = zone_end_pfn(zone);
1004         unsigned long count[MIGRATE_TYPES] = { 0, };
1005
1006         for (pfn = start_pfn; pfn < end_pfn; pfn += pageblock_nr_pages) {
1007                 struct page *page;
1008
1009                 if (!pfn_valid(pfn))
1010                         continue;
1011
1012                 page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
1013
1014                 /* Watch for unexpected holes punched in the memmap */
1015                 if (!memmap_valid_within(pfn, page, zone))
1016                         continue;
1017
1018                 mtype = get_pageblock_migratetype(page);
1019
1020                 if (mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES)
1021                         count[mtype]++;
1022         }
1023
1024         /* Print counts */
1025         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ", pgdat->node_id, zone->name);
1026         for (mtype = 0; mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES; mtype++)
1027                 seq_printf(m, "%12lu ", count[mtype]);
1028         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1029 }
1030
1031 /* Print out the free pages at each order for each migratetype */
1032 static int pagetypeinfo_showblockcount(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1033 {
1034         int mtype;
1035         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1036
1037         seq_printf(m, "\n%-23s", "Number of blocks type ");
1038         for (mtype = 0; mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES; mtype++)
1039                 seq_printf(m, "%12s ", migratetype_names[mtype]);
1040         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1041         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, pagetypeinfo_showblockcount_print);
1042
1043         return 0;
1044 }
1045
1046 #ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_OWNER
1047 static void pagetypeinfo_showmixedcount_print(struct seq_file *m,
1048                                                         pg_data_t *pgdat,
1049                                                         struct zone *zone)
1050 {
1051         struct page *page;
1052         struct page_ext *page_ext;
1053         unsigned long pfn = zone->zone_start_pfn, block_end_pfn;
1054         unsigned long end_pfn = pfn + zone->spanned_pages;
1055         unsigned long count[MIGRATE_TYPES] = { 0, };
1056         int pageblock_mt, page_mt;
1057         int i;
1058
1059         /* Scan block by block. First and last block may be incomplete */
1060         pfn = zone->zone_start_pfn;
1061
1062         /*
1063          * Walk the zone in pageblock_nr_pages steps. If a page block spans
1064          * a zone boundary, it will be double counted between zones. This does
1065          * not matter as the mixed block count will still be correct
1066          */
1067         for (; pfn < end_pfn; ) {
1068                 if (!pfn_valid(pfn)) {
1069                         pfn = ALIGN(pfn + 1, MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES);
1070                         continue;
1071                 }
1072
1073                 block_end_pfn = ALIGN(pfn + 1, pageblock_nr_pages);
1074                 block_end_pfn = min(block_end_pfn, end_pfn);
1075
1076                 page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
1077                 pageblock_mt = get_pfnblock_migratetype(page, pfn);
1078
1079                 for (; pfn < block_end_pfn; pfn++) {
1080                         if (!pfn_valid_within(pfn))
1081                                 continue;
1082
1083                         page = pfn_to_page(pfn);
1084                         if (PageBuddy(page)) {
1085                                 pfn += (1UL << page_order(page)) - 1;
1086                                 continue;
1087                         }
1088
1089                         if (PageReserved(page))
1090                                 continue;
1091
1092                         page_ext = lookup_page_ext(page);
1093
1094                         if (!test_bit(PAGE_EXT_OWNER, &page_ext->flags))
1095                                 continue;
1096
1097                         page_mt = gfpflags_to_migratetype(page_ext->gfp_mask);
1098                         if (pageblock_mt != page_mt) {
1099                                 if (is_migrate_cma(pageblock_mt))
1100                                         count[MIGRATE_MOVABLE]++;
1101                                 else
1102                                         count[pageblock_mt]++;
1103
1104                                 pfn = block_end_pfn;
1105                                 break;
1106                         }
1107                         pfn += (1UL << page_ext->order) - 1;
1108                 }
1109         }
1110
1111         /* Print counts */
1112         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ", pgdat->node_id, zone->name);
1113         for (i = 0; i < MIGRATE_TYPES; i++)
1114                 seq_printf(m, "%12lu ", count[i]);
1115         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1116 }
1117 #endif /* CONFIG_PAGE_OWNER */
1118
1119 /*
1120  * Print out the number of pageblocks for each migratetype that contain pages
1121  * of other types. This gives an indication of how well fallbacks are being
1122  * contained by rmqueue_fallback(). It requires information from PAGE_OWNER
1123  * to determine what is going on
1124  */
1125 static void pagetypeinfo_showmixedcount(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *pgdat)
1126 {
1127 #ifdef CONFIG_PAGE_OWNER
1128         int mtype;
1129
1130         if (!page_owner_inited)
1131                 return;
1132
1133         drain_all_pages(NULL);
1134
1135         seq_printf(m, "\n%-23s", "Number of mixed blocks ");
1136         for (mtype = 0; mtype < MIGRATE_TYPES; mtype++)
1137                 seq_printf(m, "%12s ", migratetype_names[mtype]);
1138         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1139
1140         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, pagetypeinfo_showmixedcount_print);
1141 #endif /* CONFIG_PAGE_OWNER */
1142 }
1143
1144 /*
1145  * This prints out statistics in relation to grouping pages by mobility.
1146  * It is expensive to collect so do not constantly read the file.
1147  */
1148 static int pagetypeinfo_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1149 {
1150         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1151
1152         /* check memoryless node */
1153         if (!node_state(pgdat->node_id, N_MEMORY))
1154                 return 0;
1155
1156         seq_printf(m, "Page block order: %d\n", pageblock_order);
1157         seq_printf(m, "Pages per block:  %lu\n", pageblock_nr_pages);
1158         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1159         pagetypeinfo_showfree(m, pgdat);
1160         pagetypeinfo_showblockcount(m, pgdat);
1161         pagetypeinfo_showmixedcount(m, pgdat);
1162
1163         return 0;
1164 }
1165
1166 static const struct seq_operations fragmentation_op = {
1167         .start  = frag_start,
1168         .next   = frag_next,
1169         .stop   = frag_stop,
1170         .show   = frag_show,
1171 };
1172
1173 static int fragmentation_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1174 {
1175         return seq_open(file, &fragmentation_op);
1176 }
1177
1178 static const struct file_operations fragmentation_file_operations = {
1179         .open           = fragmentation_open,
1180         .read           = seq_read,
1181         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
1182         .release        = seq_release,
1183 };
1184
1185 static const struct seq_operations pagetypeinfo_op = {
1186         .start  = frag_start,
1187         .next   = frag_next,
1188         .stop   = frag_stop,
1189         .show   = pagetypeinfo_show,
1190 };
1191
1192 static int pagetypeinfo_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1193 {
1194         return seq_open(file, &pagetypeinfo_op);
1195 }
1196
1197 static const struct file_operations pagetypeinfo_file_ops = {
1198         .open           = pagetypeinfo_open,
1199         .read           = seq_read,
1200         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
1201         .release        = seq_release,
1202 };
1203
1204 static void zoneinfo_show_print(struct seq_file *m, pg_data_t *pgdat,
1205                                                         struct zone *zone)
1206 {
1207         int i;
1208         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s", pgdat->node_id, zone->name);
1209         seq_printf(m,
1210                    "\n  pages free     %lu"
1211                    "\n        min      %lu"
1212                    "\n        low      %lu"
1213                    "\n        high     %lu"
1214                    "\n        scanned  %lu"
1215                    "\n        spanned  %lu"
1216                    "\n        present  %lu"
1217                    "\n        managed  %lu",
1218                    zone_page_state(zone, NR_FREE_PAGES),
1219                    min_wmark_pages(zone),
1220                    low_wmark_pages(zone),
1221                    high_wmark_pages(zone),
1222                    zone_page_state(zone, NR_PAGES_SCANNED),
1223                    zone->spanned_pages,
1224                    zone->present_pages,
1225                    zone->managed_pages);
1226
1227         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
1228                 seq_printf(m, "\n    %-12s %lu", vmstat_text[i],
1229                                 zone_page_state(zone, i));
1230
1231         seq_printf(m,
1232                    "\n        protection: (%ld",
1233                    zone->lowmem_reserve[0]);
1234         for (i = 1; i < ARRAY_SIZE(zone->lowmem_reserve); i++)
1235                 seq_printf(m, ", %ld", zone->lowmem_reserve[i]);
1236         seq_printf(m,
1237                    ")"
1238                    "\n  pagesets");
1239         for_each_online_cpu(i) {
1240                 struct per_cpu_pageset *pageset;
1241
1242                 pageset = per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, i);
1243                 seq_printf(m,
1244                            "\n    cpu: %i"
1245                            "\n              count: %i"
1246                            "\n              high:  %i"
1247                            "\n              batch: %i",
1248                            i,
1249                            pageset->pcp.count,
1250                            pageset->pcp.high,
1251                            pageset->pcp.batch);
1252 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
1253                 seq_printf(m, "\n  vm stats threshold: %d",
1254                                 pageset->stat_threshold);
1255 #endif
1256         }
1257         seq_printf(m,
1258                    "\n  all_unreclaimable: %u"
1259                    "\n  start_pfn:         %lu"
1260                    "\n  inactive_ratio:    %u",
1261                    !zone_reclaimable(zone),
1262                    zone->zone_start_pfn,
1263                    zone->inactive_ratio);
1264         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1265 }
1266
1267 /*
1268  * Output information about zones in @pgdat.
1269  */
1270 static int zoneinfo_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1271 {
1272         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1273         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, zoneinfo_show_print);
1274         return 0;
1275 }
1276
1277 static const struct seq_operations zoneinfo_op = {
1278         .start  = frag_start, /* iterate over all zones. The same as in
1279                                * fragmentation. */
1280         .next   = frag_next,
1281         .stop   = frag_stop,
1282         .show   = zoneinfo_show,
1283 };
1284
1285 static int zoneinfo_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1286 {
1287         return seq_open(file, &zoneinfo_op);
1288 }
1289
1290 static const struct file_operations proc_zoneinfo_file_operations = {
1291         .open           = zoneinfo_open,
1292         .read           = seq_read,
1293         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
1294         .release        = seq_release,
1295 };
1296
1297 enum writeback_stat_item {
1298         NR_DIRTY_THRESHOLD,
1299         NR_DIRTY_BG_THRESHOLD,
1300         NR_VM_WRITEBACK_STAT_ITEMS,
1301 };
1302
1303 static void *vmstat_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *pos)
1304 {
1305         unsigned long *v;
1306         int i, stat_items_size;
1307
1308         if (*pos >= ARRAY_SIZE(vmstat_text))
1309                 return NULL;
1310         stat_items_size = NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long) +
1311                           NR_VM_WRITEBACK_STAT_ITEMS * sizeof(unsigned long);
1312
1313 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
1314         stat_items_size += sizeof(struct vm_event_state);
1315 #endif
1316
1317         v = kmalloc(stat_items_size, GFP_KERNEL);
1318         m->private = v;
1319         if (!v)
1320                 return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
1321         for (i = 0; i < NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS; i++)
1322                 v[i] = global_page_state(i);
1323         v += NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS;
1324
1325         global_dirty_limits(v + NR_DIRTY_BG_THRESHOLD,
1326                             v + NR_DIRTY_THRESHOLD);
1327         v += NR_VM_WRITEBACK_STAT_ITEMS;
1328
1329 #ifdef CONFIG_VM_EVENT_COUNTERS
1330         all_vm_events(v);
1331         v[PGPGIN] /= 2;         /* sectors -> kbytes */
1332         v[PGPGOUT] /= 2;
1333 #endif
1334         return (unsigned long *)m->private + *pos;
1335 }
1336
1337 static void *vmstat_next(struct seq_file *m, void *arg, loff_t *pos)
1338 {
1339         (*pos)++;
1340         if (*pos >= ARRAY_SIZE(vmstat_text))
1341                 return NULL;
1342         return (unsigned long *)m->private + *pos;
1343 }
1344
1345 static int vmstat_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1346 {
1347         unsigned long *l = arg;
1348         unsigned long off = l - (unsigned long *)m->private;
1349
1350         seq_printf(m, "%s %lu\n", vmstat_text[off], *l);
1351         return 0;
1352 }
1353
1354 static void vmstat_stop(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1355 {
1356         kfree(m->private);
1357         m->private = NULL;
1358 }
1359
1360 static const struct seq_operations vmstat_op = {
1361         .start  = vmstat_start,
1362         .next   = vmstat_next,
1363         .stop   = vmstat_stop,
1364         .show   = vmstat_show,
1365 };
1366
1367 static int vmstat_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1368 {
1369         return seq_open(file, &vmstat_op);
1370 }
1371
1372 static const struct file_operations proc_vmstat_file_operations = {
1373         .open           = vmstat_open,
1374         .read           = seq_read,
1375         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
1376         .release        = seq_release,
1377 };
1378 #endif /* CONFIG_PROC_FS */
1379
1380 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
1381 static DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct delayed_work, vmstat_work);
1382 int sysctl_stat_interval __read_mostly = HZ;
1383 static cpumask_var_t cpu_stat_off;
1384
1385 static void vmstat_update(struct work_struct *w)
1386 {
1387         if (refresh_cpu_vm_stats()) {
1388                 /*
1389                  * Counters were updated so we expect more updates
1390                  * to occur in the future. Keep on running the
1391                  * update worker thread.
1392                  */
1393                 schedule_delayed_work_on(smp_processor_id(),
1394                         this_cpu_ptr(&vmstat_work),
1395                         round_jiffies_relative(sysctl_stat_interval));
1396         } else {
1397                 /*
1398                  * We did not update any counters so the app may be in
1399                  * a mode where it does not cause counter updates.
1400                  * We may be uselessly running vmstat_update.
1401                  * Defer the checking for differentials to the
1402                  * shepherd thread on a different processor.
1403                  */
1404                 int r;
1405                 /*
1406                  * Shepherd work thread does not race since it never
1407                  * changes the bit if its zero but the cpu
1408                  * online / off line code may race if
1409                  * worker threads are still allowed during
1410                  * shutdown / startup.
1411                  */
1412                 r = cpumask_test_and_set_cpu(smp_processor_id(),
1413                         cpu_stat_off);
1414                 VM_BUG_ON(r);
1415         }
1416 }
1417
1418 /*
1419  * Check if the diffs for a certain cpu indicate that
1420  * an update is needed.
1421  */
1422 static bool need_update(int cpu)
1423 {
1424         struct zone *zone;
1425
1426         for_each_populated_zone(zone) {
1427                 struct per_cpu_pageset *p = per_cpu_ptr(zone->pageset, cpu);
1428
1429                 BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(p->vm_stat_diff[0]) != 1);
1430                 /*
1431                  * The fast way of checking if there are any vmstat diffs.
1432                  * This works because the diffs are byte sized items.
1433                  */
1434                 if (memchr_inv(p->vm_stat_diff, 0, NR_VM_ZONE_STAT_ITEMS))
1435                         return true;
1436
1437         }
1438         return false;
1439 }
1440
1441
1442 /*
1443  * Shepherd worker thread that checks the
1444  * differentials of processors that have their worker
1445  * threads for vm statistics updates disabled because of
1446  * inactivity.
1447  */
1448 static void vmstat_shepherd(struct work_struct *w);
1449
1450 static DECLARE_DELAYED_WORK(shepherd, vmstat_shepherd);
1451
1452 static void vmstat_shepherd(struct work_struct *w)
1453 {
1454         int cpu;
1455
1456         get_online_cpus();
1457         /* Check processors whose vmstat worker threads have been disabled */
1458         for_each_cpu(cpu, cpu_stat_off)
1459                 if (need_update(cpu) &&
1460                         cpumask_test_and_clear_cpu(cpu, cpu_stat_off))
1461
1462                         schedule_delayed_work_on(cpu,
1463                                 &per_cpu(vmstat_work, cpu), 0);
1464
1465         put_online_cpus();
1466
1467         schedule_delayed_work(&shepherd,
1468                 round_jiffies_relative(sysctl_stat_interval));
1469
1470 }
1471
1472 static void __init start_shepherd_timer(void)
1473 {
1474         int cpu;
1475
1476         for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
1477                 INIT_DELAYED_WORK(per_cpu_ptr(&vmstat_work, cpu),
1478                         vmstat_update);
1479
1480         if (!alloc_cpumask_var(&cpu_stat_off, GFP_KERNEL))
1481                 BUG();
1482         cpumask_copy(cpu_stat_off, cpu_online_mask);
1483
1484         schedule_delayed_work(&shepherd,
1485                 round_jiffies_relative(sysctl_stat_interval));
1486 }
1487
1488 static void vmstat_cpu_dead(int node)
1489 {
1490         int cpu;
1491
1492         get_online_cpus();
1493         for_each_online_cpu(cpu)
1494                 if (cpu_to_node(cpu) == node)
1495                         goto end;
1496
1497         node_clear_state(node, N_CPU);
1498 end:
1499         put_online_cpus();
1500 }
1501
1502 /*
1503  * Use the cpu notifier to insure that the thresholds are recalculated
1504  * when necessary.
1505  */
1506 static int vmstat_cpuup_callback(struct notifier_block *nfb,
1507                 unsigned long action,
1508                 void *hcpu)
1509 {
1510         long cpu = (long)hcpu;
1511
1512         switch (action) {
1513         case CPU_ONLINE:
1514         case CPU_ONLINE_FROZEN:
1515                 refresh_zone_stat_thresholds();
1516                 node_set_state(cpu_to_node(cpu), N_CPU);
1517                 cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, cpu_stat_off);
1518                 break;
1519         case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE:
1520         case CPU_DOWN_PREPARE_FROZEN:
1521                 cancel_delayed_work_sync(&per_cpu(vmstat_work, cpu));
1522                 cpumask_clear_cpu(cpu, cpu_stat_off);
1523                 break;
1524         case CPU_DOWN_FAILED:
1525         case CPU_DOWN_FAILED_FROZEN:
1526                 cpumask_set_cpu(cpu, cpu_stat_off);
1527                 break;
1528         case CPU_DEAD:
1529         case CPU_DEAD_FROZEN:
1530                 refresh_zone_stat_thresholds();
1531                 vmstat_cpu_dead(cpu_to_node(cpu));
1532                 break;
1533         default:
1534                 break;
1535         }
1536         return NOTIFY_OK;
1537 }
1538
1539 static struct notifier_block vmstat_notifier =
1540         { &vmstat_cpuup_callback, NULL, 0 };
1541 #endif
1542
1543 static int __init setup_vmstat(void)
1544 {
1545 #ifdef CONFIG_SMP
1546         cpu_notifier_register_begin();
1547         __register_cpu_notifier(&vmstat_notifier);
1548
1549         start_shepherd_timer();
1550         cpu_notifier_register_done();
1551 #endif
1552 #ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS
1553         proc_create("buddyinfo", S_IRUGO, NULL, &fragmentation_file_operations);
1554         proc_create("pagetypeinfo", S_IRUGO, NULL, &pagetypeinfo_file_ops);
1555         proc_create("vmstat", S_IRUGO, NULL, &proc_vmstat_file_operations);
1556         proc_create("zoneinfo", S_IRUGO, NULL, &proc_zoneinfo_file_operations);
1557 #endif
1558         return 0;
1559 }
1560 module_init(setup_vmstat)
1561
1562 #if defined(CONFIG_DEBUG_FS) && defined(CONFIG_COMPACTION)
1563
1564 /*
1565  * Return an index indicating how much of the available free memory is
1566  * unusable for an allocation of the requested size.
1567  */
1568 static int unusable_free_index(unsigned int order,
1569                                 struct contig_page_info *info)
1570 {
1571         /* No free memory is interpreted as all free memory is unusable */
1572         if (info->free_pages == 0)
1573                 return 1000;
1574
1575         /*
1576          * Index should be a value between 0 and 1. Return a value to 3
1577          * decimal places.
1578          *
1579          * 0 => no fragmentation
1580          * 1 => high fragmentation
1581          */
1582         return div_u64((info->free_pages - (info->free_blocks_suitable << order)) * 1000ULL, info->free_pages);
1583
1584 }
1585
1586 static void unusable_show_print(struct seq_file *m,
1587                                         pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
1588 {
1589         unsigned int order;
1590         int index;
1591         struct contig_page_info info;
1592
1593         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ",
1594                                 pgdat->node_id,
1595                                 zone->name);
1596         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order) {
1597                 fill_contig_page_info(zone, order, &info);
1598                 index = unusable_free_index(order, &info);
1599                 seq_printf(m, "%d.%03d ", index / 1000, index % 1000);
1600         }
1601
1602         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1603 }
1604
1605 /*
1606  * Display unusable free space index
1607  *
1608  * The unusable free space index measures how much of the available free
1609  * memory cannot be used to satisfy an allocation of a given size and is a
1610  * value between 0 and 1. The higher the value, the more of free memory is
1611  * unusable and by implication, the worse the external fragmentation is. This
1612  * can be expressed as a percentage by multiplying by 100.
1613  */
1614 static int unusable_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1615 {
1616         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1617
1618         /* check memoryless node */
1619         if (!node_state(pgdat->node_id, N_MEMORY))
1620                 return 0;
1621
1622         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, unusable_show_print);
1623
1624         return 0;
1625 }
1626
1627 static const struct seq_operations unusable_op = {
1628         .start  = frag_start,
1629         .next   = frag_next,
1630         .stop   = frag_stop,
1631         .show   = unusable_show,
1632 };
1633
1634 static int unusable_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1635 {
1636         return seq_open(file, &unusable_op);
1637 }
1638
1639 static const struct file_operations unusable_file_ops = {
1640         .open           = unusable_open,
1641         .read           = seq_read,
1642         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
1643         .release        = seq_release,
1644 };
1645
1646 static void extfrag_show_print(struct seq_file *m,
1647                                         pg_data_t *pgdat, struct zone *zone)
1648 {
1649         unsigned int order;
1650         int index;
1651
1652         /* Alloc on stack as interrupts are disabled for zone walk */
1653         struct contig_page_info info;
1654
1655         seq_printf(m, "Node %d, zone %8s ",
1656                                 pgdat->node_id,
1657                                 zone->name);
1658         for (order = 0; order < MAX_ORDER; ++order) {
1659                 fill_contig_page_info(zone, order, &info);
1660                 index = __fragmentation_index(order, &info);
1661                 seq_printf(m, "%d.%03d ", index / 1000, index % 1000);
1662         }
1663
1664         seq_putc(m, '\n');
1665 }
1666
1667 /*
1668  * Display fragmentation index for orders that allocations would fail for
1669  */
1670 static int extfrag_show(struct seq_file *m, void *arg)
1671 {
1672         pg_data_t *pgdat = (pg_data_t *)arg;
1673
1674         walk_zones_in_node(m, pgdat, extfrag_show_print);
1675
1676         return 0;
1677 }
1678
1679 static const struct seq_operations extfrag_op = {
1680         .start  = frag_start,
1681         .next   = frag_next,
1682         .stop   = frag_stop,
1683         .show   = extfrag_show,
1684 };
1685
1686 static int extfrag_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
1687 {
1688         return seq_open(file, &extfrag_op);
1689 }
1690
1691 static const struct file_operations extfrag_file_ops = {
1692         .open           = extfrag_open,
1693         .read           = seq_read,
1694         .llseek         = seq_lseek,
1695         .release        = seq_release,
1696 };
1697
1698 static int __init extfrag_debug_init(void)
1699 {
1700         struct dentry *extfrag_debug_root;
1701
1702         extfrag_debug_root = debugfs_create_dir("extfrag", NULL);
1703         if (!extfrag_debug_root)
1704                 return -ENOMEM;
1705
1706         if (!debugfs_create_file("unusable_index", 0444,
1707                         extfrag_debug_root, NULL, &unusable_file_ops))
1708                 goto fail;
1709
1710         if (!debugfs_create_file("extfrag_index", 0444,
1711                         extfrag_debug_root, NULL, &extfrag_file_ops))
1712                 goto fail;
1713
1714         return 0;
1715 fail:
1716         debugfs_remove_recursive(extfrag_debug_root);
1717         return -ENOMEM;
1718 }
1719
1720 module_init(extfrag_debug_init);
1721 #endif