Avoid printf type modifiers not supported by MSVC C runtime library.
[cascardo/ovs.git] / ofproto / ofproto-dpif.c
index d16422b..7df0450 100644 (file)
@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@
 #include "dpif.h"
 #include "dynamic-string.h"
 #include "fail-open.h"
+#include "guarded-list.h"
 #include "hmapx.h"
 #include "lacp.h"
 #include "learn.h"
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@
 #include "ofproto-dpif-governor.h"
 #include "ofproto-dpif-ipfix.h"
 #include "ofproto-dpif-mirror.h"
+#include "ofproto-dpif-monitor.h"
 #include "ofproto-dpif-sflow.h"
 #include "ofproto-dpif-upcall.h"
 #include "ofproto-dpif-xlate.h"
 VLOG_DEFINE_THIS_MODULE(ofproto_dpif);
 
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_dpif_expired);
-COVERAGE_DEFINE(facet_changed_rule);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(facet_revalidate);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(facet_unexpected);
-COVERAGE_DEFINE(facet_suppress);
+COVERAGE_DEFINE(facet_create);
+COVERAGE_DEFINE(facet_remove);
+COVERAGE_DEFINE(subfacet_create);
+COVERAGE_DEFINE(subfacet_destroy);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(subfacet_install_fail);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(packet_in_overflow);
-COVERAGE_DEFINE(flow_mod_overflow);
 
 /* Number of implemented OpenFlow tables. */
 enum { N_TABLES = 255 };
@@ -107,6 +110,28 @@ struct rule_dpif {
 static void rule_get_stats(struct rule *, uint64_t *packets, uint64_t *bytes);
 static struct rule_dpif *rule_dpif_cast(const struct rule *);
 
+struct group_dpif {
+    struct ofgroup up;
+
+    /* These statistics:
+     *
+     *   - Do include packets and bytes from facets that have been deleted or
+     *     whose own statistics have been folded into the rule.
+     *
+     *   - Do include packets and bytes sent "by hand" that were accounted to
+     *     the rule without any facet being involved (this is a rare corner
+     *     case in rule_execute()).
+     *
+     *   - Do not include packet or bytes that can be obtained from any facet's
+     *     packet_count or byte_count member or that can be obtained from the
+     *     datapath by, e.g., dpif_flow_get() for any subfacet.
+     */
+    struct ovs_mutex stats_mutex;
+    uint64_t packet_count OVS_GUARDED;  /* Number of packets received. */
+    uint64_t byte_count OVS_GUARDED;    /* Number of bytes received. */
+    struct bucket_counter *bucket_stats OVS_GUARDED;  /* Bucket statistics. */
+};
+
 struct ofbundle {
     struct hmap_node hmap_node; /* In struct ofproto's "bundles" hmap. */
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto; /* Owning ofproto. */
@@ -174,7 +199,6 @@ struct subfacet {
     struct facet *facet;        /* Owning facet. */
     struct dpif_backer *backer; /* Owning backer. */
 
-    enum odp_key_fitness key_fitness;
     struct nlattr *key;
     int key_len;
 
@@ -261,7 +285,7 @@ struct facet {
     /* Accounting. */
     uint64_t accounted_bytes;    /* Bytes processed by facet_account(). */
     struct netflow_flow nf_flow; /* Per-flow NetFlow tracking data. */
-    uint8_t tcp_flags;           /* TCP flags seen for this 'rule'. */
+    uint16_t tcp_flags;          /* TCP flags seen for this 'rule'. */
 
     struct xlate_out xout;
 
@@ -308,6 +332,7 @@ struct ofport_dpif {
     struct bfd *bfd;            /* BFD, if any. */
     bool may_enable;            /* May be enabled in bonds. */
     bool is_tunnel;             /* This port is a tunnel. */
+    bool is_layer3;             /* This is a layer 3 port. */
     long long int carrier_seq;  /* Carrier status changes. */
     struct ofport_dpif *peer;   /* Peer if patch port. */
 
@@ -360,8 +385,6 @@ ofport_dpif_cast(const struct ofport *ofport)
 }
 
 static void port_run(struct ofport_dpif *);
-static void port_run_fast(struct ofport_dpif *);
-static void port_wait(struct ofport_dpif *);
 static int set_bfd(struct ofport *, const struct smap *);
 static int set_cfm(struct ofport *, const struct cfm_settings *);
 static void ofport_update_peer(struct ofport_dpif *);
@@ -437,20 +460,6 @@ struct dpif_backer {
     unsigned avg_n_subfacet;         /* Average number of flows. */
     long long int avg_subfacet_life; /* Average life span of subfacets. */
 
-    /* The average number of subfacets... */
-    struct avg_subfacet_rates hourly;   /* ...over the last hour. */
-    struct avg_subfacet_rates daily;    /* ...over the last day. */
-    struct avg_subfacet_rates lifetime; /* ...over the switch lifetime. */
-    long long int last_minute;          /* Last time 'hourly' was updated. */
-
-    /* Number of subfacets added or deleted since 'last_minute'. */
-    unsigned subfacet_add_count;
-    unsigned subfacet_del_count;
-
-    /* Number of subfacets added or deleted from 'created' to 'last_minute.' */
-    unsigned long long int total_subfacet_add_count;
-    unsigned long long int total_subfacet_del_count;
-
     /* Number of upcall handling threads. */
     unsigned int n_handler_threads;
 };
@@ -459,7 +468,6 @@ struct dpif_backer {
 static struct shash all_dpif_backers = SHASH_INITIALIZER(&all_dpif_backers);
 
 static void drop_key_clear(struct dpif_backer *);
-static void update_moving_averages(struct dpif_backer *backer);
 
 struct ofproto_dpif {
     struct hmap_node all_ofproto_dpifs_node; /* In 'all_ofproto_dpifs'. */
@@ -484,8 +492,9 @@ struct ofproto_dpif {
     struct classifier facets;     /* Contains 'struct facet's. */
     long long int consistency_rl;
 
-    struct netdev_stats stats; /* To account packets generated and consumed in
-                                * userspace. */
+    struct ovs_mutex stats_mutex;
+    struct netdev_stats stats OVS_GUARDED; /* To account packets generated and
+                                            * consumed in userspace. */
 
     /* Spanning tree. */
     struct stp *stp;
@@ -507,13 +516,7 @@ struct ofproto_dpif {
     uint64_t n_missed;
 
     /* Work queues. */
-    struct ovs_mutex flow_mod_mutex;
-    struct list flow_mods OVS_GUARDED;
-    size_t n_flow_mods OVS_GUARDED;
-
-    struct ovs_mutex pin_mutex;
-    struct list pins OVS_GUARDED;
-    size_t n_pins OVS_GUARDED;
+    struct guarded_list pins;      /* Contains "struct ofputil_packet_in"s. */
 };
 
 /* By default, flows in the datapath are wildcarded (megaflows).  They
@@ -535,7 +538,9 @@ ofproto_dpif_cast(const struct ofproto *ofproto)
 static struct ofport_dpif *get_ofp_port(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
                                         ofp_port_t ofp_port);
 static void ofproto_trace(struct ofproto_dpif *, const struct flow *,
-                          const struct ofpbuf *packet, struct ds *);
+                          const struct ofpbuf *packet,
+                          const struct ofpact[], size_t ofpacts_len,
+                          struct ds *);
 
 /* Upcalls. */
 static void handle_upcalls(struct dpif_backer *);
@@ -546,52 +551,32 @@ static int expire(struct dpif_backer *);
 /* NetFlow. */
 static void send_netflow_active_timeouts(struct ofproto_dpif *);
 
-/* Utilities. */
-static int send_packet(const struct ofport_dpif *, struct ofpbuf *packet);
-
 /* Global variables. */
 static struct vlog_rate_limit rl = VLOG_RATE_LIMIT_INIT(1, 5);
 
 /* Initial mappings of port to bridge mappings. */
 static struct shash init_ofp_ports = SHASH_INITIALIZER(&init_ofp_ports);
 
-/* Executes and takes ownership of 'fm'. */
+/* Executes 'fm'.  The caller retains ownership of 'fm' and everything in
+ * it. */
 void
 ofproto_dpif_flow_mod(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
                       struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm)
 {
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto->flow_mod_mutex);
-    if (ofproto->n_flow_mods > 1024) {
-        ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->flow_mod_mutex);
-        COVERAGE_INC(flow_mod_overflow);
-        free(fm->ofpacts);
-        free(fm);
-        return;
-    }
-
-    list_push_back(&ofproto->flow_mods, &fm->list_node);
-    ofproto->n_flow_mods++;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->flow_mod_mutex);
+    ofproto_flow_mod(&ofproto->up, fm);
 }
 
 /* Appends 'pin' to the queue of "packet ins" to be sent to the controller.
  * Takes ownership of 'pin' and pin->packet. */
 void
 ofproto_dpif_send_packet_in(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
-                            struct ofputil_packet_in *pin)
+                            struct ofproto_packet_in *pin)
 {
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto->pin_mutex);
-    if (ofproto->n_pins > 1024) {
-        ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->pin_mutex);
+    if (!guarded_list_push_back(&ofproto->pins, &pin->list_node, 1024)) {
         COVERAGE_INC(packet_in_overflow);
-        free(CONST_CAST(void *, pin->packet));
+        free(CONST_CAST(void *, pin->up.packet));
         free(pin);
-        return;
     }
-
-    list_push_back(&ofproto->pins, &pin->list_node);
-    ofproto->n_pins++;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->pin_mutex);
 }
 \f
 /* Factory functions. */
@@ -842,8 +827,8 @@ type_run(const char *type)
                                  ofport->up.netdev, ofport->cfm,
                                  ofport->bfd, ofport->peer, stp_port,
                                  ofport->qdscp, ofport->n_qdscp,
-                                 ofport->up.pp.config, ofport->is_tunnel,
-                                 ofport->may_enable);
+                                 ofport->up.pp.config, ofport->up.pp.state,
+                                 ofport->is_tunnel, ofport->may_enable);
             }
             ovs_rwlock_unlock(&xlate_rwlock);
 
@@ -1024,7 +1009,6 @@ process_dpif_port_error(struct dpif_backer *backer, int error)
 static int
 dpif_backer_run_fast(struct dpif_backer *backer)
 {
-    udpif_run(backer->udpif);
     handle_upcalls(backer);
 
     return 0;
@@ -1102,8 +1086,6 @@ dealloc(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
 static void
 close_dpif_backer(struct dpif_backer *backer)
 {
-    struct shash_node *node;
-
     ovs_assert(backer->refcount > 0);
 
     if (--backer->refcount) {
@@ -1113,13 +1095,13 @@ close_dpif_backer(struct dpif_backer *backer)
     drop_key_clear(backer);
     hmap_destroy(&backer->drop_keys);
 
+    udpif_destroy(backer->udpif);
+
     simap_destroy(&backer->tnl_backers);
     ovs_rwlock_destroy(&backer->odp_to_ofport_lock);
     hmap_destroy(&backer->odp_to_ofport_map);
-    node = shash_find(&all_dpif_backers, backer->type);
+    shash_find_and_delete(&all_dpif_backers, backer->type);
     free(backer->type);
-    shash_delete(&all_dpif_backers, node);
-    udpif_destroy(backer->udpif);
     dpif_close(backer->dpif);
 
     ovs_assert(hmap_is_empty(&backer->subfacets));
@@ -1243,14 +1225,6 @@ open_dpif_backer(const char *type, struct dpif_backer **backerp)
 
     backer->max_n_subfacet = 0;
     backer->created = time_msec();
-    backer->last_minute = backer->created;
-    memset(&backer->hourly, 0, sizeof backer->hourly);
-    memset(&backer->daily, 0, sizeof backer->daily);
-    memset(&backer->lifetime, 0, sizeof backer->lifetime);
-    backer->subfacet_add_count = 0;
-    backer->subfacet_del_count = 0;
-    backer->total_subfacet_add_count = 0;
-    backer->total_subfacet_del_count = 0;
     backer->avg_n_subfacet = 0;
     backer->avg_subfacet_life = 0;
 
@@ -1262,7 +1236,6 @@ construct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
     struct shash_node *node, *next;
-    uint32_t max_ports;
     int error;
 
     error = open_dpif_backer(ofproto->up.type, &ofproto->backer);
@@ -1270,9 +1243,6 @@ construct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
         return error;
     }
 
-    max_ports = dpif_get_max_ports(ofproto->backer->dpif);
-    ofproto_init_max_ports(ofproto_, MIN(max_ports, ofp_to_u16(OFPP_MAX)));
-
     ofproto->netflow = NULL;
     ofproto->sflow = NULL;
     ofproto->ipfix = NULL;
@@ -1281,22 +1251,13 @@ construct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
     ofproto->ml = mac_learning_create(MAC_ENTRY_DEFAULT_IDLE_TIME);
     ofproto->mbridge = mbridge_create();
     ofproto->has_bonded_bundles = false;
+    ovs_mutex_init(&ofproto->stats_mutex);
     ovs_mutex_init(&ofproto->vsp_mutex);
 
-    classifier_init(&ofproto->facets);
+    classifier_init(&ofproto->facets, NULL);
     ofproto->consistency_rl = LLONG_MIN;
 
-    ovs_mutex_init(&ofproto->flow_mod_mutex);
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto->flow_mod_mutex);
-    list_init(&ofproto->flow_mods);
-    ofproto->n_flow_mods = 0;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->flow_mod_mutex);
-
-    ovs_mutex_init(&ofproto->pin_mutex);
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto->pin_mutex);
-    list_init(&ofproto->pins);
-    ofproto->n_pins = 0;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->pin_mutex);
+    guarded_list_init(&ofproto->pins);
 
     ofproto_dpif_unixctl_init();
 
@@ -1371,7 +1332,7 @@ add_internal_flow(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, int id,
 
     if (rule_dpif_lookup_in_table(ofproto, &fm.match.flow, NULL, TBL_INTERNAL,
                                   rulep)) {
-        rule_dpif_release(*rulep);
+        rule_dpif_unref(*rulep);
     } else {
         NOT_REACHED();
     }
@@ -1419,11 +1380,11 @@ destruct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
     struct rule_dpif *rule, *next_rule;
-    struct ofputil_packet_in *pin, *next_pin;
-    struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm, *next_fm;
+    struct ofproto_packet_in *pin, *next_pin;
     struct facet *facet, *next_facet;
     struct cls_cursor cursor;
     struct oftable *table;
+    struct list pins;
 
     ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&ofproto->facets.rwlock);
     cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &ofproto->facets, NULL);
@@ -1437,40 +1398,30 @@ destruct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
     xlate_remove_ofproto(ofproto);
     ovs_rwlock_unlock(&xlate_rwlock);
 
-    flow_miss_batch_ofproto_destroyed(ofproto->backer->udpif, ofproto);
+    /* Discard any flow_miss_batches queued up for 'ofproto', avoiding a
+     * use-after-free error. */
+    udpif_revalidate(ofproto->backer->udpif);
 
     hmap_remove(&all_ofproto_dpifs, &ofproto->all_ofproto_dpifs_node);
 
     OFPROTO_FOR_EACH_TABLE (table, &ofproto->up) {
         struct cls_cursor cursor;
 
-        ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, NULL);
+        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH_SAFE (rule, next_rule, up.cr, &cursor) {
-            ofproto_rule_delete(&ofproto->up, &table->cls, &rule->up);
+            ofproto_rule_delete(&ofproto->up, &rule->up);
         }
-        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
-    }
-
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto->flow_mod_mutex);
-    LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (fm, next_fm, list_node, &ofproto->flow_mods) {
-        list_remove(&fm->list_node);
-        ofproto->n_flow_mods--;
-        free(fm->ofpacts);
-        free(fm);
     }
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->flow_mod_mutex);
-    ovs_mutex_destroy(&ofproto->flow_mod_mutex);
 
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto->pin_mutex);
-    LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (pin, next_pin, list_node, &ofproto->pins) {
+    guarded_list_pop_all(&ofproto->pins, &pins);
+    LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (pin, next_pin, list_node, &pins) {
         list_remove(&pin->list_node);
-        ofproto->n_pins--;
-        free(CONST_CAST(void *, pin->packet));
+        free(CONST_CAST(void *, pin->up.packet));
         free(pin);
     }
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->pin_mutex);
-    ovs_mutex_destroy(&ofproto->pin_mutex);
+    guarded_list_destroy(&ofproto->pins);
 
     mbridge_unref(ofproto->mbridge);
 
@@ -1488,6 +1439,7 @@ destruct(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
     sset_destroy(&ofproto->ghost_ports);
     sset_destroy(&ofproto->port_poll_set);
 
+    ovs_mutex_destroy(&ofproto->stats_mutex);
     ovs_mutex_destroy(&ofproto->vsp_mutex);
 
     close_dpif_backer(ofproto->backer);
@@ -1497,10 +1449,8 @@ static int
 run_fast(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
-    struct ofputil_packet_in *pin, *next_pin;
-    struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm, *next_fm;
-    struct list flow_mods, pins;
-    struct ofport_dpif *ofport;
+    struct ofproto_packet_in *pin, *next_pin;
+    struct list pins;
 
     /* Do not perform any periodic activity required by 'ofproto' while
      * waiting for flow restore to complete. */
@@ -1508,41 +1458,14 @@ run_fast(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
         return 0;
     }
 
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto->flow_mod_mutex);
-    list_move(&flow_mods, &ofproto->flow_mods);
-    list_init(&ofproto->flow_mods);
-    ofproto->n_flow_mods = 0;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->flow_mod_mutex);
-
-    LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (fm, next_fm, list_node, &flow_mods) {
-        int error = ofproto_flow_mod(&ofproto->up, fm);
-        if (error && !VLOG_DROP_WARN(&rl)) {
-            VLOG_WARN("learning action failed to modify flow table (%s)",
-                      ofperr_get_name(error));
-        }
-
-        list_remove(&fm->list_node);
-        free(fm->ofpacts);
-        free(fm);
-    }
-
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto->pin_mutex);
-    list_move(&pins, &ofproto->pins);
-    list_init(&ofproto->pins);
-    ofproto->n_pins = 0;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->pin_mutex);
-
+    guarded_list_pop_all(&ofproto->pins, &pins);
     LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (pin, next_pin, list_node, &pins) {
         connmgr_send_packet_in(ofproto->up.connmgr, pin);
         list_remove(&pin->list_node);
-        free(CONST_CAST(void *, pin->packet));
+        free(CONST_CAST(void *, pin->up.packet));
         free(pin);
     }
 
-    HMAP_FOR_EACH (ofport, up.hmap_node, &ofproto->up.ports) {
-        port_run_fast(ofport);
-    }
-
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1603,14 +1526,14 @@ run(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
     if (time_msec() >= ofproto->consistency_rl
         && !classifier_is_empty(&ofproto->facets)
         && !ofproto->backer->need_revalidate) {
-        struct cls_table *table;
+        struct cls_subtable *table;
         struct cls_rule *cr;
         struct facet *facet;
 
         ofproto->consistency_rl = time_msec() + 250;
 
-        table = CONTAINER_OF(hmap_random_node(&ofproto->facets.tables),
-                             struct cls_table, hmap_node);
+        table = CONTAINER_OF(hmap_random_node(&ofproto->facets.subtables),
+                             struct cls_subtable, hmap_node);
         cr = CONTAINER_OF(hmap_random_node(&table->rules), struct cls_rule,
                           hmap_node);
         facet = CONTAINER_OF(cr, struct facet, cr);
@@ -1628,7 +1551,6 @@ static void
 wait(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
-    struct ofport_dpif *ofport;
     struct ofbundle *bundle;
 
     if (ofproto_get_flow_restore_wait()) {
@@ -1641,9 +1563,6 @@ wait(struct ofproto *ofproto_)
     if (ofproto->ipfix) {
         dpif_ipfix_wait(ofproto->ipfix);
     }
-    HMAP_FOR_EACH (ofport, up.hmap_node, &ofproto->up.ports) {
-        port_wait(ofport);
-    }
     HMAP_FOR_EACH (bundle, hmap_node, &ofproto->bundles) {
         bundle_wait(bundle);
     }
@@ -1790,6 +1709,7 @@ port_construct(struct ofport *port_)
     port->realdev_ofp_port = 0;
     port->vlandev_vid = 0;
     port->carrier_seq = netdev_get_carrier_resets(netdev);
+    port->is_layer3 = netdev_vport_is_layer3(netdev);
 
     if (netdev_vport_is_patch(netdev)) {
         /* By bailing out here, we don't submit the port to the sFlow module
@@ -1906,6 +1826,9 @@ port_modified(struct ofport *port_)
         bfd_set_netdev(port->bfd, port->up.netdev);
     }
 
+    ofproto_dpif_monitor_port_update(port, port->bfd, port->cfm,
+                                     port->up.pp.hw_addr);
+
     if (port->is_tunnel && tnl_port_reconfigure(port, port->up.netdev,
                                                 port->odp_port)) {
         ofproto_dpif_cast(port->up.ofproto)->backer->need_revalidate =
@@ -1996,11 +1919,9 @@ static int
 set_cfm(struct ofport *ofport_, const struct cfm_settings *s)
 {
     struct ofport_dpif *ofport = ofport_dpif_cast(ofport_);
-    int error;
+    int error = 0;
 
-    if (!s) {
-        error = 0;
-    } else {
+    if (s) {
         if (!ofport->cfm) {
             struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
 
@@ -2010,13 +1931,17 @@ set_cfm(struct ofport *ofport_, const struct cfm_settings *s)
         }
 
         if (cfm_configure(ofport->cfm, s)) {
-            return 0;
+            error = 0;
+            goto out;
         }
 
         error = EINVAL;
     }
     cfm_unref(ofport->cfm);
     ofport->cfm = NULL;
+out:
+    ofproto_dpif_monitor_port_update(ofport, ofport->bfd, ofport->cfm,
+                                     ofport->up.pp.hw_addr);
     return error;
 }
 
@@ -2028,6 +1953,7 @@ get_cfm_status(const struct ofport *ofport_,
 
     if (ofport->cfm) {
         status->faults = cfm_get_fault(ofport->cfm);
+        status->flap_count = cfm_get_flap_count(ofport->cfm);
         status->remote_opstate = cfm_get_opup(ofport->cfm);
         status->health = cfm_get_health(ofport->cfm);
         cfm_get_remote_mpids(ofport->cfm, &status->rmps, &status->n_rmps);
@@ -2050,7 +1976,8 @@ set_bfd(struct ofport *ofport_, const struct smap *cfg)
     if (ofport->bfd != old) {
         ofproto->backer->need_revalidate = REV_RECONFIGURE;
     }
-
+    ofproto_dpif_monitor_port_update(ofport, ofport->bfd, ofport->cfm,
+                                     ofport->up.pp.hw_addr);
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2088,7 +2015,7 @@ send_bpdu_cb(struct ofpbuf *pkt, int port_num, void *ofproto_)
             VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: cannot send BPDU on port %d "
                          "with unknown MAC", ofproto->up.name, port_num);
         } else {
-            send_packet(ofport, pkt);
+            ofproto_dpif_send_packet(ofport, pkt);
         }
     }
     ofpbuf_delete(pkt);
@@ -2380,6 +2307,7 @@ bundle_update(struct ofbundle *bundle)
     bundle->floodable = true;
     LIST_FOR_EACH (port, bundle_node, &bundle->ports) {
         if (port->up.pp.config & OFPUTIL_PC_NO_FLOOD
+            || port->is_layer3
             || !stp_forward_in_state(port->stp_state)) {
             bundle->floodable = false;
             break;
@@ -2427,6 +2355,7 @@ bundle_add_port(struct ofbundle *bundle, ofp_port_t ofp_port,
         port->bundle = bundle;
         list_push_back(&bundle->ports, &port->bundle_node);
         if (port->up.pp.config & OFPUTIL_PC_NO_FLOOD
+            || port->is_layer3
             || !stp_forward_in_state(port->stp_state)) {
             bundle->floodable = false;
         }
@@ -2684,7 +2613,7 @@ send_pdu_cb(void *port_, const void *pdu, size_t pdu_size)
                                  pdu_size);
         memcpy(packet_pdu, pdu, pdu_size);
 
-        send_packet(port, &packet);
+        ofproto_dpif_send_packet(port, &packet);
         ofpbuf_uninit(&packet);
     } else {
         VLOG_ERR_RL(&rl, "port %s: cannot obtain Ethernet address of iface "
@@ -2721,7 +2650,7 @@ bundle_send_learning_packets(struct ofbundle *bundle)
     LIST_FOR_EACH (learning_packet, list_node, &packets) {
         int ret;
 
-        ret = send_packet(learning_packet->private_p, learning_packet);
+        ret = ofproto_dpif_send_packet(learning_packet->private_p, learning_packet);
         if (ret) {
             error = ret;
             n_errors++;
@@ -2935,28 +2864,6 @@ ofport_update_peer(struct ofport_dpif *ofport)
     free(peer_name);
 }
 
-static void
-port_run_fast(struct ofport_dpif *ofport)
-{
-    if (ofport->cfm && cfm_should_send_ccm(ofport->cfm)) {
-        struct ofpbuf packet;
-
-        ofpbuf_init(&packet, 0);
-        cfm_compose_ccm(ofport->cfm, &packet, ofport->up.pp.hw_addr);
-        send_packet(ofport, &packet);
-        ofpbuf_uninit(&packet);
-    }
-
-    if (ofport->bfd && bfd_should_send_packet(ofport->bfd)) {
-        struct ofpbuf packet;
-
-        ofpbuf_init(&packet, 0);
-        bfd_put_packet(ofport->bfd, &packet, ofport->up.pp.hw_addr);
-        send_packet(ofport, &packet);
-        ofpbuf_uninit(&packet);
-    }
-}
-
 static void
 port_run(struct ofport_dpif *ofport)
 {
@@ -2968,12 +2875,9 @@ port_run(struct ofport_dpif *ofport)
 
     ofport->carrier_seq = carrier_seq;
 
-    port_run_fast(ofport);
-
     if (ofport->cfm) {
         int cfm_opup = cfm_get_opup(ofport->cfm);
 
-        cfm_run(ofport->cfm);
         cfm_enable = !cfm_get_fault(ofport->cfm);
 
         if (cfm_opup >= 0) {
@@ -2982,7 +2886,6 @@ port_run(struct ofport_dpif *ofport)
     }
 
     if (ofport->bfd) {
-        bfd_run(ofport->bfd);
         bfd_enable = bfd_forwarding(ofport->bfd);
     }
 
@@ -3005,18 +2908,6 @@ port_run(struct ofport_dpif *ofport)
     ofport->may_enable = enable;
 }
 
-static void
-port_wait(struct ofport_dpif *ofport)
-{
-    if (ofport->cfm) {
-        cfm_wait(ofport->cfm);
-    }
-
-    if (ofport->bfd) {
-        bfd_wait(ofport->bfd);
-    }
-}
-
 static int
 port_query_by_name(const struct ofproto *ofproto_, const char *devname,
                    struct ofproto_port *ofproto_port)
@@ -3130,10 +3021,11 @@ port_get_stats(const struct ofport *ofport_, struct netdev_stats *stats)
     if (!error && ofport_->ofp_port == OFPP_LOCAL) {
         struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofport->up.ofproto);
 
+        ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto->stats_mutex);
         /* ofproto->stats.tx_packets represents packets that we created
          * internally and sent to some port (e.g. packets sent with
-         * send_packet()).  Account for them as if they had come from
-         * OFPP_LOCAL and got forwarded. */
+         * ofproto_dpif_send_packet()).  Account for them as if they had
+         * come from OFPP_LOCAL and got forwarded. */
 
         if (stats->rx_packets != UINT64_MAX) {
             stats->rx_packets += ofproto->stats.tx_packets;
@@ -3154,6 +3046,7 @@ port_get_stats(const struct ofport *ofport_, struct netdev_stats *stats)
         if (stats->tx_bytes != UINT64_MAX) {
             stats->tx_bytes += ofproto->stats.rx_bytes;
         }
+        ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->stats_mutex);
     }
 
     return error;
@@ -3311,7 +3204,7 @@ flow_miss_should_make_facet(struct flow_miss *miss)
 
     hash = flow_hash_in_wildcards(&miss->flow, &miss->xout.wc, 0);
     return governor_should_install_flow(backer->governor, hash,
-                                        list_size(&miss->packets));
+                                        miss->stats.n_packets);
 }
 
 /* Handles 'miss', which matches 'facet'.  May add any required datapath
@@ -3389,7 +3282,7 @@ handle_flow_miss(struct flow_miss *miss, struct flow_miss_op *ops,
 {
     struct facet *facet;
 
-    miss->ofproto->n_missed += list_size(&miss->packets);
+    miss->ofproto->n_missed += miss->stats.n_packets;
 
     facet = facet_lookup_valid(miss->ofproto, &miss->flow);
     if (!facet) {
@@ -3497,107 +3390,12 @@ handle_flow_misses(struct dpif_backer *backer, struct flow_miss_batch *fmb)
     }
 }
 
-static void
-handle_sflow_upcall(struct dpif_backer *backer,
-                    const struct dpif_upcall *upcall)
-{
-    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
-    union user_action_cookie cookie;
-    struct flow flow;
-    odp_port_t odp_in_port;
-
-    if (xlate_receive(backer, upcall->packet, upcall->key, upcall->key_len,
-                      &flow, NULL, &ofproto, &odp_in_port)
-        || !ofproto->sflow) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    memset(&cookie, 0, sizeof cookie);
-    memcpy(&cookie, nl_attr_get(upcall->userdata), sizeof cookie.sflow);
-    dpif_sflow_received(ofproto->sflow, upcall->packet, &flow,
-                        odp_in_port, &cookie);
-}
-
-static void
-handle_flow_sample_upcall(struct dpif_backer *backer,
-                          const struct dpif_upcall *upcall)
-{
-    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
-    union user_action_cookie cookie;
-    struct flow flow;
-
-    if (xlate_receive(backer, upcall->packet, upcall->key, upcall->key_len,
-                      &flow, NULL, &ofproto, NULL)
-        || !ofproto->ipfix) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    memset(&cookie, 0, sizeof cookie);
-    memcpy(&cookie, nl_attr_get(upcall->userdata), sizeof cookie.flow_sample);
-
-    /* The flow reflects exactly the contents of the packet.  Sample
-     * the packet using it. */
-    dpif_ipfix_flow_sample(ofproto->ipfix, upcall->packet, &flow,
-                           cookie.flow_sample.collector_set_id,
-                           cookie.flow_sample.probability,
-                           cookie.flow_sample.obs_domain_id,
-                           cookie.flow_sample.obs_point_id);
-}
-
-static void
-handle_ipfix_upcall(struct dpif_backer *backer,
-                    const struct dpif_upcall *upcall)
-{
-    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
-    struct flow flow;
-
-    if (xlate_receive(backer, upcall->packet, upcall->key, upcall->key_len,
-                      &flow, NULL, &ofproto, NULL)
-        || !ofproto->ipfix) {
-        return;
-    }
-
-    /* The flow reflects exactly the contents of the packet.  Sample
-     * the packet using it. */
-    dpif_ipfix_bridge_sample(ofproto->ipfix, upcall->packet, &flow);
-}
-
 static void
 handle_upcalls(struct dpif_backer *backer)
 {
     struct flow_miss_batch *fmb;
     int n_processed;
 
-    for (n_processed = 0; n_processed < FLOW_MISS_MAX_BATCH; n_processed++) {
-        struct upcall *upcall = upcall_next(backer->udpif);
-
-        if (!upcall) {
-            break;
-        }
-
-        switch (upcall->type) {
-        case SFLOW_UPCALL:
-            handle_sflow_upcall(backer, &upcall->dpif_upcall);
-            break;
-
-        case FLOW_SAMPLE_UPCALL:
-            handle_flow_sample_upcall(backer, &upcall->dpif_upcall);
-            break;
-
-        case IPFIX_UPCALL:
-            handle_ipfix_upcall(backer, &upcall->dpif_upcall);
-            break;
-
-        case BAD_UPCALL:
-            break;
-
-        case MISS_UPCALL:
-            NOT_REACHED();
-        }
-
-        upcall_destroy(upcall);
-    }
-
     for (n_processed = 0; n_processed < FLOW_MISS_MAX_BATCH; n_processed++) {
         struct drop_key *drop_key = drop_key_next(backer->udpif);
         if (!drop_key) {
@@ -3626,7 +3424,7 @@ handle_upcalls(struct dpif_backer *backer)
 
 static int subfacet_max_idle(const struct dpif_backer *);
 static void update_stats(struct dpif_backer *);
-static void rule_expire(struct rule_dpif *);
+static void rule_expire(struct rule_dpif *) OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
 static void expire_subfacets(struct dpif_backer *, int dp_max_idle);
 
 /* This function is called periodically by run().  Its job is to collect
@@ -3680,12 +3478,12 @@ expire(struct dpif_backer *backer)
 
         /* Expire OpenFlow flows whose idle_timeout or hard_timeout
          * has passed. */
-        ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto->up.expirable_mutex);
+        ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
         LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (rule, next_rule, expirable,
                             &ofproto->up.expirable) {
             rule_expire(rule_dpif_cast(rule));
         }
-        ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->up.expirable_mutex);
+        ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
 
         /* All outstanding data in existing flows has been accounted, so it's a
          * good time to do bond rebalancing. */
@@ -3809,8 +3607,6 @@ update_stats(struct dpif_backer *backer)
         run_fast_rl();
     }
     dpif_flow_dump_done(&dump);
-
-    update_moving_averages(backer);
 }
 
 /* Calculates and returns the number of milliseconds of idle time after which
@@ -3946,30 +3742,31 @@ expire_subfacets(struct dpif_backer *backer, int dp_max_idle)
  * then delete it entirely. */
 static void
 rule_expire(struct rule_dpif *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     uint16_t idle_timeout, hard_timeout;
-    long long int now;
-    uint8_t reason;
+    long long int now = time_msec();
+    int reason;
 
     ovs_assert(!rule->up.pending);
 
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->up.timeout_mutex);
+    /* Has 'rule' expired? */
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->up.mutex);
     hard_timeout = rule->up.hard_timeout;
     idle_timeout = rule->up.idle_timeout;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->up.timeout_mutex);
-
-    /* Has 'rule' expired? */
-    now = time_msec();
     if (hard_timeout && now > rule->up.modified + hard_timeout * 1000) {
         reason = OFPRR_HARD_TIMEOUT;
     } else if (idle_timeout && now > rule->up.used + idle_timeout * 1000) {
         reason = OFPRR_IDLE_TIMEOUT;
     } else {
-        return;
+        reason = -1;
     }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->up.mutex);
 
-    COVERAGE_INC(ofproto_dpif_expired);
-    ofproto_rule_expire(&rule->up, reason);
+    if (reason >= 0) {
+        COVERAGE_INC(ofproto_dpif_expired);
+        ofproto_rule_expire(&rule->up, reason);
+    }
 }
 \f
 /* Facets. */
@@ -3992,6 +3789,7 @@ facet_create(const struct flow_miss *miss)
     struct facet *facet;
     struct match match;
 
+    COVERAGE_INC(facet_create);
     facet = xzalloc(sizeof *facet);
     facet->ofproto = miss->ofproto;
     facet->used = miss->stats.used;
@@ -4023,24 +3821,49 @@ facet_free(struct facet *facet)
     }
 }
 
-/* Executes, within 'ofproto', the 'n_actions' actions in 'actions' on
- * 'packet', which arrived on 'in_port'. */
-static bool
-execute_odp_actions(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow,
-                    const struct nlattr *odp_actions, size_t actions_len,
-                    struct ofpbuf *packet)
+/* Executes, within 'ofproto', the actions in 'rule' or 'ofpacts' on 'packet'.
+ * 'flow' must reflect the data in 'packet'. */
+int
+ofproto_dpif_execute_actions(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
+                             const struct flow *flow,
+                             struct rule_dpif *rule,
+                             const struct ofpact *ofpacts, size_t ofpacts_len,
+                             struct ofpbuf *packet)
 {
     struct odputil_keybuf keybuf;
+    struct dpif_flow_stats stats;
+    struct xlate_out xout;
+    struct xlate_in xin;
+    ofp_port_t in_port;
     struct ofpbuf key;
     int error;
 
+    ovs_assert((rule != NULL) != (ofpacts != NULL));
+
+    dpif_flow_stats_extract(flow, packet, time_msec(), &stats);
+    if (rule) {
+        rule_dpif_credit_stats(rule, &stats);
+    }
+
+    xlate_in_init(&xin, ofproto, flow, rule, stats.tcp_flags, packet);
+    xin.ofpacts = ofpacts;
+    xin.ofpacts_len = ofpacts_len;
+    xin.resubmit_stats = &stats;
+    xlate_actions(&xin, &xout);
+
     ofpbuf_use_stack(&key, &keybuf, sizeof keybuf);
-    odp_flow_key_from_flow(&key, flow,
-                           ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofproto, flow->in_port.ofp_port));
+    in_port = flow->in_port.ofp_port;
+    if (in_port == OFPP_NONE) {
+        in_port = OFPP_LOCAL;
+    }
+    odp_flow_key_from_flow(&key, flow, ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofproto, in_port));
 
     error = dpif_execute(ofproto->backer->dpif, key.data, key.size,
-                         odp_actions, actions_len, packet);
-    return !error;
+                         xout.odp_actions.data, xout.odp_actions.size, packet,
+                         (xout.slow & SLOW_ACTION) != 0);
+    xlate_out_uninit(&xout);
+
+    return error;
 }
 
 /* Remove 'facet' from its ofproto and free up the associated memory:
@@ -4055,6 +3878,7 @@ facet_remove(struct facet *facet)
 {
     struct subfacet *subfacet, *next_subfacet;
 
+    COVERAGE_INC(facet_remove);
     ovs_assert(!list_is_empty(&facet->subfacets));
 
     /* First uninstall all of the subfacets to get final statistics. */
@@ -4161,17 +3985,21 @@ facet_is_controller_flow(struct facet *facet)
     if (facet) {
         struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = facet->ofproto;
         const struct ofpact *ofpacts;
+        struct rule_actions *actions;
         struct rule_dpif *rule;
         size_t ofpacts_len;
         bool is_controller;
 
         rule_dpif_lookup(ofproto, &facet->flow, NULL, &rule);
-        ofpacts_len = rule->up.actions->ofpacts_len;
-        ofpacts = rule->up.actions->ofpacts;
+        actions = rule_dpif_get_actions(rule);
+        rule_dpif_unref(rule);
+
+        ofpacts_len = actions->ofpacts_len;
+        ofpacts = actions->ofpacts;
         is_controller = ofpacts_len > 0
             && ofpacts->type == OFPACT_CONTROLLER
             && ofpact_next(ofpacts) >= ofpact_end(ofpacts, ofpacts_len);
-        rule_dpif_release(rule);
+        rule_actions_unref(actions);
 
         return is_controller;
     }
@@ -4258,15 +4086,11 @@ facet_check_consistency(struct facet *facet)
 
     struct xlate_out xout;
     struct xlate_in xin;
-
-    struct rule_dpif *rule;
     bool ok;
 
     /* Check the datapath actions for consistency. */
-    rule_dpif_lookup(facet->ofproto, &facet->flow, NULL, &rule);
-    xlate_in_init(&xin, facet->ofproto, &facet->flow, rule, 0, NULL);
+    xlate_in_init(&xin, facet->ofproto, &facet->flow, NULL, 0, NULL);
     xlate_actions(&xin, &xout);
-    rule_dpif_release(rule);
 
     ok = ofpbuf_equal(&facet->xout.odp_actions, &xout.odp_actions)
         && facet->xout.slow == xout.slow;
@@ -4364,7 +4188,7 @@ facet_revalidate(struct facet *facet)
         || memcmp(&facet->xout.wc, &xout.wc, sizeof xout.wc)) {
         facet_remove(facet);
         xlate_out_uninit(&xout);
-        rule_dpif_release(new_rule);
+        rule_dpif_unref(new_rule);
         return false;
     }
 
@@ -4393,10 +4217,13 @@ facet_revalidate(struct facet *facet)
     facet->xout.nf_output_iface = xout.nf_output_iface;
     facet->xout.mirrors = xout.mirrors;
     facet->nf_flow.output_iface = facet->xout.nf_output_iface;
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&new_rule->up.mutex);
     facet->used = MAX(facet->used, new_rule->up.created);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&new_rule->up.mutex);
 
     xlate_out_uninit(&xout);
-    rule_dpif_release(new_rule);
+    rule_dpif_unref(new_rule);
     return true;
 }
 
@@ -4415,7 +4242,6 @@ flow_push_stats(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, struct flow *flow,
                 struct dpif_flow_stats *stats, bool may_learn)
 {
     struct ofport_dpif *in_port;
-    struct rule_dpif *rule;
     struct xlate_in xin;
 
     in_port = get_ofp_port(ofproto, flow->in_port.ofp_port);
@@ -4423,13 +4249,10 @@ flow_push_stats(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, struct flow *flow,
         netdev_vport_inc_rx(in_port->up.netdev, stats);
     }
 
-    rule_dpif_lookup(ofproto, flow, NULL, &rule);
-    rule_dpif_credit_stats(rule, stats);
-    xlate_in_init(&xin, ofproto, flow, rule, stats->tcp_flags, NULL);
+    xlate_in_init(&xin, ofproto, flow, NULL, stats->tcp_flags, NULL);
     xin.resubmit_stats = stats;
     xin.may_learn = may_learn;
     xlate_actions_for_side_effects(&xin);
-    rule_dpif_release(rule);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -4506,13 +4329,20 @@ rule_dpif_credit_stats(struct rule_dpif *rule,
 }
 
 bool
-rule_dpif_fail_open(const struct rule_dpif *rule)
+rule_dpif_is_fail_open(const struct rule_dpif *rule)
 {
-    return rule->up.cr.priority == FAIL_OPEN_PRIORITY;
+    return is_fail_open_rule(&rule->up);
+}
+
+bool
+rule_dpif_is_table_miss(const struct rule_dpif *rule)
+{
+    return rule_is_table_miss(&rule->up);
 }
 
 ovs_be64
 rule_dpif_get_flow_cookie(const struct rule_dpif *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(rule->up.mutex)
 {
     return rule->up.flow_cookie;
 }
@@ -4530,14 +4360,7 @@ rule_dpif_reduce_timeouts(struct rule_dpif *rule, uint16_t idle_timeout,
 struct rule_actions *
 rule_dpif_get_actions(const struct rule_dpif *rule)
 {
-    struct rule_actions *actions;
-
-    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&rule->up.rwlock);
-    actions = rule->up.actions;
-    rule_actions_ref(actions);
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&rule->up.rwlock);
-
-    return actions;
+    return rule_get_actions(&rule->up);
 }
 \f
 /* Subfacets. */
@@ -4567,7 +4390,6 @@ static struct subfacet *
 subfacet_create(struct facet *facet, struct flow_miss *miss)
 {
     struct dpif_backer *backer = miss->ofproto->backer;
-    enum odp_key_fitness key_fitness = miss->key_fitness;
     const struct nlattr *key = miss->key;
     size_t key_len = miss->key_len;
     uint32_t key_hash;
@@ -4592,10 +4414,10 @@ subfacet_create(struct facet *facet, struct flow_miss *miss)
         subfacet = xmalloc(sizeof *subfacet);
     }
 
+    COVERAGE_INC(subfacet_create);
     hmap_insert(&backer->subfacets, &subfacet->hmap_node, key_hash);
     list_push_back(&facet->subfacets, &subfacet->list_node);
     subfacet->facet = facet;
-    subfacet->key_fitness = key_fitness;
     subfacet->key = xmemdup(key, key_len);
     subfacet->key_len = key_len;
     subfacet->used = miss->stats.used;
@@ -4605,7 +4427,6 @@ subfacet_create(struct facet *facet, struct flow_miss *miss)
     subfacet->path = SF_NOT_INSTALLED;
     subfacet->backer = backer;
 
-    backer->subfacet_add_count++;
     return subfacet;
 }
 
@@ -4615,11 +4436,8 @@ static void
 subfacet_destroy__(struct subfacet *subfacet)
 {
     struct facet *facet = subfacet->facet;
-    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = facet->ofproto;
-
-    /* Update ofproto stats before uninstall the subfacet. */
-    ofproto->backer->subfacet_del_count++;
 
+    COVERAGE_INC(subfacet_destroy);
     subfacet_uninstall(subfacet);
     hmap_remove(&subfacet->backer->subfacets, &subfacet->hmap_node);
     list_remove(&subfacet->list_node);
@@ -4815,9 +4633,8 @@ bool
 rule_dpif_lookup_in_table(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
                           const struct flow *flow, struct flow_wildcards *wc,
                           uint8_t table_id, struct rule_dpif **rule)
-    OVS_TRY_RDLOCK(true, (*rule)->up.rwlock)
 {
-    struct cls_rule *cls_rule;
+    const struct cls_rule *cls_rule;
     struct classifier *cls;
     bool frag;
 
@@ -4842,19 +4659,13 @@ rule_dpif_lookup_in_table(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
         cls_rule = classifier_lookup(cls, &ofpc_normal_flow, wc);
     } else if (frag && ofproto->up.frag_handling == OFPC_FRAG_DROP) {
         cls_rule = &ofproto->drop_frags_rule->up.cr;
-        if (wc) {
-            flow_wildcards_init_exact(wc);
-        }
+        /* Frag mask in wc already set above. */
     } else {
         cls_rule = classifier_lookup(cls, flow, wc);
     }
 
     *rule = rule_dpif_cast(rule_from_cls_rule(cls_rule));
-    if (*rule && ovs_rwlock_tryrdlock(&(*rule)->up.rwlock)) {
-        /* The rule is in the process of being removed.  Best we can do is
-         * pretend it isn't there. */
-        *rule = NULL;
-    }
+    rule_dpif_ref(*rule);
     ovs_rwlock_unlock(&cls->rwlock);
 
     return *rule != NULL;
@@ -4866,23 +4677,30 @@ rule_dpif_lookup_in_table(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto,
 void
 choose_miss_rule(enum ofputil_port_config config, struct rule_dpif *miss_rule,
                  struct rule_dpif *no_packet_in_rule, struct rule_dpif **rule)
-    OVS_NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS
 {
     *rule = config & OFPUTIL_PC_NO_PACKET_IN ? no_packet_in_rule : miss_rule;
-    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&(*rule)->up.rwlock);
+    rule_dpif_ref(*rule);
 }
 
 void
-rule_dpif_release(struct rule_dpif *rule)
-    OVS_NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS
+rule_dpif_ref(struct rule_dpif *rule)
 {
     if (rule) {
-        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&rule->up.rwlock);
+        ofproto_rule_ref(&rule->up);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+rule_dpif_unref(struct rule_dpif *rule)
+{
+    if (rule) {
+        ofproto_rule_unref(&rule->up);
     }
 }
 
 static void
 complete_operation(struct rule_dpif *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(rule->up.ofproto);
 
@@ -4923,6 +4741,7 @@ rule_construct(struct rule *rule_)
 
 static void
 rule_insert(struct rule *rule_)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct rule_dpif *rule = rule_dpif_cast(rule_);
     complete_operation(rule);
@@ -4930,6 +4749,7 @@ rule_insert(struct rule *rule_)
 
 static void
 rule_delete(struct rule *rule_)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct rule_dpif *rule = rule_dpif_cast(rule_);
     complete_operation(rule);
@@ -4966,21 +4786,8 @@ rule_dpif_execute(struct rule_dpif *rule, const struct flow *flow,
                   struct ofpbuf *packet)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(rule->up.ofproto);
-    struct dpif_flow_stats stats;
-    struct xlate_out xout;
-    struct xlate_in xin;
-
-    dpif_flow_stats_extract(flow, packet, time_msec(), &stats);
-    rule_dpif_credit_stats(rule, &stats);
 
-    xlate_in_init(&xin, ofproto, flow, rule, stats.tcp_flags, packet);
-    xin.resubmit_stats = &stats;
-    xlate_actions(&xin, &xout);
-
-    execute_odp_actions(ofproto, flow, xout.odp_actions.data,
-                        xout.odp_actions.size, packet);
-
-    xlate_out_uninit(&xout);
+    ofproto_dpif_execute_actions(ofproto, flow, rule, NULL, 0, packet);
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
@@ -4994,6 +4801,7 @@ rule_execute(struct rule *rule, const struct flow *flow,
 
 static void
 rule_modify_actions(struct rule *rule_, bool reset_counters)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct rule_dpif *rule = rule_dpif_cast(rule_);
 
@@ -5006,59 +4814,153 @@ rule_modify_actions(struct rule *rule_, bool reset_counters)
 
     complete_operation(rule);
 }
-\f
-/* Sends 'packet' out 'ofport'.
- * May modify 'packet'.
- * Returns 0 if successful, otherwise a positive errno value. */
-static int
-send_packet(const struct ofport_dpif *ofport, struct ofpbuf *packet)
+
+static struct group_dpif *group_dpif_cast(const struct ofgroup *group)
 {
-    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofport->up.ofproto);
-    uint64_t odp_actions_stub[1024 / 8];
-    struct ofpbuf key, odp_actions;
-    struct dpif_flow_stats stats;
-    struct odputil_keybuf keybuf;
-    struct ofpact_output output;
-    struct xlate_out xout;
-    struct xlate_in xin;
-    struct flow flow;
-    union flow_in_port in_port_;
-    int error;
+    return group ? CONTAINER_OF(group, struct group_dpif, up) : NULL;
+}
 
-    ofpbuf_use_stub(&odp_actions, odp_actions_stub, sizeof odp_actions_stub);
-    ofpbuf_use_stack(&key, &keybuf, sizeof keybuf);
+static struct ofgroup *
+group_alloc(void)
+{
+    struct group_dpif *group = xzalloc(sizeof *group);
+    return &group->up;
+}
 
-    /* Use OFPP_NONE as the in_port to avoid special packet processing. */
-    in_port_.ofp_port = OFPP_NONE;
-    flow_extract(packet, 0, 0, NULL, &in_port_, &flow);
-    odp_flow_key_from_flow(&key, &flow, ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofproto,
-                                                             OFPP_LOCAL));
-    dpif_flow_stats_extract(&flow, packet, time_msec(), &stats);
+static void
+group_dealloc(struct ofgroup *group_)
+{
+    struct group_dpif *group = group_dpif_cast(group_);
+    free(group);
+}
 
-    ofpact_init(&output.ofpact, OFPACT_OUTPUT, sizeof output);
-    output.port = ofport->up.ofp_port;
-    output.max_len = 0;
+static void
+group_construct_stats(struct group_dpif *group)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(group->stats_mutex)
+{
+    group->packet_count = 0;
+    group->byte_count = 0;
+    if (!group->bucket_stats) {
+        group->bucket_stats = xcalloc(group->up.n_buckets,
+                                      sizeof *group->bucket_stats);
+    } else {
+        memset(group->bucket_stats, 0, group->up.n_buckets *
+               sizeof *group->bucket_stats);
+    }
+}
 
-    xlate_in_init(&xin, ofproto, &flow, NULL, 0, packet);
-    xin.ofpacts_len = sizeof output;
-    xin.ofpacts = &output.ofpact;
-    xin.resubmit_stats = &stats;
-    xlate_actions(&xin, &xout);
+static enum ofperr
+group_construct(struct ofgroup *group_)
+{
+    struct group_dpif *group = group_dpif_cast(group_);
+    ovs_mutex_init(&group->stats_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&group->stats_mutex);
+    group_construct_stats(group);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&group->stats_mutex);
+    return 0;
+}
 
-    error = dpif_execute(ofproto->backer->dpif,
-                         key.data, key.size,
-                         xout.odp_actions.data, xout.odp_actions.size,
-                         packet);
-    xlate_out_uninit(&xout);
+static void
+group_destruct__(struct group_dpif *group)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(group->stats_mutex)
+{
+    free(group->bucket_stats);
+    group->bucket_stats = NULL;
+}
 
-    if (error) {
-        VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: failed to send packet on port %s (%s)",
-                     ofproto->up.name, netdev_get_name(ofport->up.netdev),
-                     ovs_strerror(error));
+static void
+group_destruct(struct ofgroup *group_)
+{
+    struct group_dpif *group = group_dpif_cast(group_);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&group->stats_mutex);
+    group_destruct__(group);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&group->stats_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_destroy(&group->stats_mutex);
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+group_modify(struct ofgroup *group_, struct ofgroup *victim_)
+{
+    struct group_dpif *group = group_dpif_cast(group_);
+    struct group_dpif *victim = group_dpif_cast(victim_);
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&group->stats_mutex);
+    if (victim->up.n_buckets < group->up.n_buckets) {
+        group_destruct__(group);
     }
+    group_construct_stats(group);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&group->stats_mutex);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+group_get_stats(const struct ofgroup *group_, struct ofputil_group_stats *ogs)
+{
+    struct group_dpif *group = group_dpif_cast(group_);
+
+    /* Start from historical data for 'group' itself that are no longer tracked
+     * in facets.  This counts, for example, facets that have expired. */
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&group->stats_mutex);
+    ogs->packet_count = group->packet_count;
+    ogs->byte_count = group->byte_count;
+    memcpy(ogs->bucket_stats, group->bucket_stats,
+           group->up.n_buckets * sizeof *group->bucket_stats);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&group->stats_mutex);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+bool
+group_dpif_lookup(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, uint32_t group_id,
+                  struct group_dpif **group)
+    OVS_TRY_RDLOCK(true, (*group)->up.rwlock)
+{
+    struct ofgroup *ofgroup;
+    bool found;
+
+    *group = NULL;
+    found = ofproto_group_lookup(&ofproto->up, group_id, &ofgroup);
+    *group = found ?  group_dpif_cast(ofgroup) : NULL;
+
+    return found;
+}
+
+void
+group_dpif_release(struct group_dpif *group)
+    OVS_RELEASES(group->up.rwlock)
+{
+    ofproto_group_release(&group->up);
+}
+
+void
+group_dpif_get_buckets(const struct group_dpif *group,
+                       const struct list **buckets)
+{
+    *buckets = &group->up.buckets;
+}
+
+enum ofp11_group_type
+group_dpif_get_type(const struct group_dpif *group)
+{
+    return group->up.type;
+}
+\f
+/* Sends 'packet' out 'ofport'.
+ * May modify 'packet'.
+ * Returns 0 if successful, otherwise a positive errno value. */
+int
+ofproto_dpif_send_packet(const struct ofport_dpif *ofport, struct ofpbuf *packet)
+{
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofport->up.ofproto);
+    int error;
 
+    error = xlate_send_packet(ofport, packet);
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto->stats_mutex);
     ofproto->stats.tx_packets++;
     ofproto->stats.tx_bytes += packet->size;
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto->stats_mutex);
     return error;
 }
 
@@ -5121,30 +5023,9 @@ packet_out(struct ofproto *ofproto_, struct ofpbuf *packet,
            const struct ofpact *ofpacts, size_t ofpacts_len)
 {
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto = ofproto_dpif_cast(ofproto_);
-    struct odputil_keybuf keybuf;
-    struct dpif_flow_stats stats;
-    struct xlate_out xout;
-    struct xlate_in xin;
-    struct ofpbuf key;
-
-
-    ofpbuf_use_stack(&key, &keybuf, sizeof keybuf);
-    odp_flow_key_from_flow(&key, flow,
-                           ofp_port_to_odp_port(ofproto,
-                                      flow->in_port.ofp_port));
-
-    dpif_flow_stats_extract(flow, packet, time_msec(), &stats);
-
-    xlate_in_init(&xin, ofproto, flow, NULL, stats.tcp_flags, packet);
-    xin.resubmit_stats = &stats;
-    xin.ofpacts_len = ofpacts_len;
-    xin.ofpacts = ofpacts;
-
-    xlate_actions(&xin, &xout);
-    dpif_execute(ofproto->backer->dpif, key.data, key.size,
-                 xout.odp_actions.data, xout.odp_actions.size, packet);
-    xlate_out_uninit(&xout);
 
+    ofproto_dpif_execute_actions(ofproto, flow, NULL, ofpacts,
+                                 ofpacts_len, packet);
     return 0;
 }
 \f
@@ -5308,22 +5189,32 @@ struct trace_ctx {
 static void
 trace_format_rule(struct ds *result, int level, const struct rule_dpif *rule)
 {
+    struct rule_actions *actions;
+    ovs_be64 cookie;
+
     ds_put_char_multiple(result, '\t', level);
     if (!rule) {
         ds_put_cstr(result, "No match\n");
         return;
     }
 
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->up.mutex);
+    cookie = rule->up.flow_cookie;
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->up.mutex);
+
     ds_put_format(result, "Rule: table=%"PRIu8" cookie=%#"PRIx64" ",
-                  rule ? rule->up.table_id : 0, ntohll(rule->up.flow_cookie));
+                  rule ? rule->up.table_id : 0, ntohll(cookie));
     cls_rule_format(&rule->up.cr, result);
     ds_put_char(result, '\n');
 
+    actions = rule_dpif_get_actions(rule);
+
     ds_put_char_multiple(result, '\t', level);
-    ds_put_cstr(result, "OpenFlow ");
-    ofpacts_format(rule->up.actions->ofpacts, rule->up.actions->ofpacts_len,
-                   result);
+    ds_put_cstr(result, "OpenFlow actions=");
+    ofpacts_format(actions->ofpacts, actions->ofpacts_len, result);
     ds_put_char(result, '\n');
+
+    rule_actions_unref(actions);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -5350,7 +5241,7 @@ trace_format_regs(struct ds *result, int level, const char *title,
     ds_put_char_multiple(result, '\t', level);
     ds_put_format(result, "%s:", title);
     for (i = 0; i < FLOW_N_REGS; i++) {
-        ds_put_format(result, " reg%zu=0x%"PRIx32, i, trace->flow.regs[i]);
+        ds_put_format(result, " reg%"PRIuSIZE"=0x%"PRIx32, i, trace->flow.regs[i]);
     }
     ds_put_char(result, '\n');
 }
@@ -5391,21 +5282,26 @@ trace_report(struct xlate_in *xin, const char *s, int recurse)
     ds_put_char(result, '\n');
 }
 
-static void
-ofproto_unixctl_trace(struct unixctl_conn *conn, int argc, const char *argv[],
-                      void *aux OVS_UNUSED)
+/* Parses the 'argc' elements of 'argv', ignoring argv[0].  The following
+ * forms are supported:
+ *
+ *     - [dpname] odp_flow [-generate | packet]
+ *     - bridge br_flow [-generate | packet]
+ *
+ * On success, initializes '*ofprotop' and 'flow' and returns NULL.  On failure
+ * returns a nonnull error message. */
+static const char *
+parse_flow_and_packet(int argc, const char *argv[],
+                      struct ofproto_dpif **ofprotop, struct flow *flow,
+                      struct ofpbuf **packetp)
 {
-    const struct dpif_backer *backer;
-    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
-    struct ofpbuf odp_key, odp_mask;
+    const struct dpif_backer *backer = NULL;
+    const char *error = NULL;
+    struct simap port_names = SIMAP_INITIALIZER(&port_names);
     struct ofpbuf *packet;
-    struct ds result;
-    struct flow flow;
-    char *s;
+    struct ofpbuf odp_key;
+    struct ofpbuf odp_mask;
 
-    packet = NULL;
-    backer = NULL;
-    ds_init(&result);
     ofpbuf_init(&odp_key, 0);
     ofpbuf_init(&odp_mask, 0);
 
@@ -5414,132 +5310,264 @@ ofproto_unixctl_trace(struct unixctl_conn *conn, int argc, const char *argv[],
         packet = ofpbuf_new(0);
         argc--;
     } else {
-        const char *error = eth_from_hex(argv[argc - 1], &packet);
+        error = eth_from_hex(argv[argc - 1], &packet);
         if (!error) {
             argc--;
         } else if (argc == 4) {
             /* The 3-argument form must end in "-generate' or a hex string. */
-            unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, error);
             goto exit;
         }
     }
 
+    /* odp_flow can have its in_port specified as a name instead of port no.
+     * We do not yet know whether a given flow is a odp_flow or a br_flow.
+     * But, to know whether a flow is odp_flow through odp_flow_from_string(),
+     * we need to create a simap of name to port no. */
+    if (argc == 3) {
+        const char *dp_type;
+        if (!strncmp(argv[1], "ovs-", 4)) {
+            dp_type = argv[1] + 4;
+        } else {
+            dp_type = argv[1];
+        }
+        backer = shash_find_data(&all_dpif_backers, dp_type);
+    } else if (argc == 2) {
+        struct shash_node *node;
+        if (shash_count(&all_dpif_backers) == 1) {
+            node = shash_first(&all_dpif_backers);
+            backer = node->data;
+        }
+    } else {
+        error = "Syntax error";
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if (backer && backer->dpif) {
+        struct dpif_port dpif_port;
+        struct dpif_port_dump port_dump;
+        DPIF_PORT_FOR_EACH (&dpif_port, &port_dump, backer->dpif) {
+            simap_put(&port_names, dpif_port.name,
+                      odp_to_u32(dpif_port.port_no));
+        }
+    }
+
     /* Parse the flow and determine whether a datapath or
      * bridge is specified. If function odp_flow_key_from_string()
      * returns 0, the flow is a odp_flow. If function
      * parse_ofp_exact_flow() returns 0, the flow is a br_flow. */
-    if (!odp_flow_from_string(argv[argc - 1], NULL, &odp_key, &odp_mask)) {
-        /* If the odp_flow is the second argument,
-         * the datapath name is the first argument. */
-        if (argc == 3) {
-            const char *dp_type;
-            if (!strncmp(argv[1], "ovs-", 4)) {
-                dp_type = argv[1] + 4;
-            } else {
-                dp_type = argv[1];
-            }
-            backer = shash_find_data(&all_dpif_backers, dp_type);
-            if (!backer) {
-                unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, "Cannot find datapath "
-                               "of this name");
-                goto exit;
-            }
-        } else {
-            /* No datapath name specified, so there should be only one
-             * datapath. */
-            struct shash_node *node;
-            if (shash_count(&all_dpif_backers) != 1) {
-                unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, "Must specify datapath "
-                         "name, there is more than one type of datapath");
-                goto exit;
-            }
-            node = shash_first(&all_dpif_backers);
-            backer = node->data;
+    if (!odp_flow_from_string(argv[argc - 1], &port_names,
+                              &odp_key, &odp_mask)) {
+        if (!backer) {
+            error = "Cannot find the datapath";
+            goto exit;
         }
 
-        if (xlate_receive(backer, NULL, odp_key.data, odp_key.size, &flow,
-                          NULL, &ofproto, NULL)) {
-            unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, "Invalid datapath flow");
+        if (xlate_receive(backer, NULL, odp_key.data, odp_key.size, flow,
+                          NULL, ofprotop, NULL)) {
+            error = "Invalid datapath flow";
             goto exit;
         }
-        ds_put_format(&result, "Bridge: %s\n", ofproto->up.name);
-    } else if (!parse_ofp_exact_flow(&flow, argv[argc - 1])) {
+    } else if (!parse_ofp_exact_flow(flow, NULL, argv[argc - 1], NULL)) {
         if (argc != 3) {
-            unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, "Must specify bridge name");
+            error = "Must specify bridge name";
             goto exit;
         }
 
-        ofproto = ofproto_dpif_lookup(argv[1]);
-        if (!ofproto) {
-            unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, "Unknown bridge name");
+        *ofprotop = ofproto_dpif_lookup(argv[1]);
+        if (!*ofprotop) {
+            error = "Unknown bridge name";
             goto exit;
         }
     } else {
-        unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, "Bad flow syntax");
+        error = "Bad flow syntax";
         goto exit;
     }
 
     /* Generate a packet, if requested. */
     if (packet) {
         if (!packet->size) {
-            flow_compose(packet, &flow);
+            flow_compose(packet, flow);
         } else {
-            union flow_in_port in_port_;
-
-            in_port_ = flow.in_port;
-            ds_put_cstr(&result, "Packet: ");
-            s = ofp_packet_to_string(packet->data, packet->size);
-            ds_put_cstr(&result, s);
-            free(s);
+            union flow_in_port in_port = flow->in_port;
 
             /* Use the metadata from the flow and the packet argument
              * to reconstruct the flow. */
-            flow_extract(packet, flow.skb_priority, flow.pkt_mark, NULL,
-                         &in_port_, &flow);
+            flow_extract(packet, flow->skb_priority, flow->pkt_mark, NULL,
+                         &in_portflow);
         }
     }
 
-    ofproto_trace(ofproto, &flow, packet, &result);
+    error = NULL;
+
+exit:
+    if (error) {
+        ofpbuf_delete(packet);
+        packet = NULL;
+    }
+    *packetp = packet;
+    ofpbuf_uninit(&odp_key);
+    ofpbuf_uninit(&odp_mask);
+    simap_destroy(&port_names);
+    return error;
+}
+
+static void
+ofproto_unixctl_trace(struct unixctl_conn *conn, int argc, const char *argv[],
+                      void *aux OVS_UNUSED)
+{
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+    struct ofpbuf *packet;
+    const char *error;
+    struct flow flow;
+
+    error = parse_flow_and_packet(argc, argv, &ofproto, &flow, &packet);
+    if (!error) {
+        struct ds result;
+
+        ds_init(&result);
+        ofproto_trace(ofproto, &flow, packet, NULL, 0, &result);
+        unixctl_command_reply(conn, ds_cstr(&result));
+        ds_destroy(&result);
+        ofpbuf_delete(packet);
+    } else {
+        unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, error);
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+ofproto_unixctl_trace_actions(struct unixctl_conn *conn, int argc,
+                              const char *argv[], void *aux OVS_UNUSED)
+{
+    enum ofputil_protocol usable_protocols;
+    struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
+    bool enforce_consistency;
+    struct ofpbuf ofpacts;
+    struct ofpbuf *packet;
+    struct ds result;
+    struct flow flow;
+    uint16_t in_port;
+
+    /* Three kinds of error return values! */
+    enum ofperr retval;
+    const char *error;
+    char *rw_error;
+
+    packet = NULL;
+    ds_init(&result);
+    ofpbuf_init(&ofpacts, 0);
+
+    /* Parse actions. */
+    rw_error = parse_ofpacts(argv[--argc], &ofpacts, &usable_protocols);
+    if (rw_error) {
+        unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, rw_error);
+        free(rw_error);
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+    /* OpenFlow 1.1 and later suggest that the switch enforces certain forms of
+     * consistency between the flow and the actions.  With -consistent, we
+     * enforce consistency even for a flow supported in OpenFlow 1.0. */
+    if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-consistent")) {
+        enforce_consistency = true;
+        argv++;
+        argc--;
+    } else {
+        enforce_consistency = false;
+    }
+
+    error = parse_flow_and_packet(argc, argv, &ofproto, &flow, &packet);
+    if (error) {
+        unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, error);
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+    /* Do the same checks as handle_packet_out() in ofproto.c.
+     *
+     * We pass a 'table_id' of 0 to ofproto_check_ofpacts(), which isn't
+     * strictly correct because these actions aren't in any table, but it's OK
+     * because it 'table_id' is used only to check goto_table instructions, but
+     * packet-outs take a list of actions and therefore it can't include
+     * instructions.
+     *
+     * We skip the "meter" check here because meter is an instruction, not an
+     * action, and thus cannot appear in ofpacts. */
+    in_port = ofp_to_u16(flow.in_port.ofp_port);
+    if (in_port >= ofproto->up.max_ports && in_port < ofp_to_u16(OFPP_MAX)) {
+        unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, "invalid in_port");
+        goto exit;
+    }
+    if (enforce_consistency) {
+        retval = ofpacts_check_consistency(ofpacts.data, ofpacts.size, &flow,
+                                           u16_to_ofp(ofproto->up.max_ports),
+                                           0, 0, usable_protocols);
+    } else {
+        retval = ofpacts_check(ofpacts.data, ofpacts.size, &flow,
+                               u16_to_ofp(ofproto->up.max_ports), 0, 0,
+                               &usable_protocols);
+    }
+
+    if (retval) {
+        ds_clear(&result);
+        ds_put_format(&result, "Bad actions: %s", ofperr_to_string(retval));
+        unixctl_command_reply_error(conn, ds_cstr(&result));
+        goto exit;
+    }
+
+    ofproto_trace(ofproto, &flow, packet, ofpacts.data, ofpacts.size, &result);
     unixctl_command_reply(conn, ds_cstr(&result));
 
 exit:
     ds_destroy(&result);
     ofpbuf_delete(packet);
-    ofpbuf_uninit(&odp_key);
-    ofpbuf_uninit(&odp_mask);
+    ofpbuf_uninit(&ofpacts);
 }
 
+/* Implements a "trace" through 'ofproto''s flow table, appending a textual
+ * description of the results to 'ds'.
+ *
+ * The trace follows a packet with the specified 'flow' through the flow
+ * table.  'packet' may be nonnull to trace an actual packet, with consequent
+ * side effects (if it is nonnull then its flow must be 'flow').
+ *
+ * If 'ofpacts' is nonnull then its 'ofpacts_len' bytes specify the actions to
+ * trace, otherwise the actions are determined by a flow table lookup. */
 static void
 ofproto_trace(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow,
-              const struct ofpbuf *packet, struct ds *ds)
+              const struct ofpbuf *packet,
+              const struct ofpact ofpacts[], size_t ofpacts_len,
+              struct ds *ds)
 {
     struct rule_dpif *rule;
     struct flow_wildcards wc;
 
+    ds_put_format(ds, "Bridge: %s\n", ofproto->up.name);
     ds_put_cstr(ds, "Flow: ");
     flow_format(ds, flow);
     ds_put_char(ds, '\n');
 
     flow_wildcards_init_catchall(&wc);
-    rule_dpif_lookup(ofproto, flow, &wc, &rule);
+    if (ofpacts) {
+        rule = NULL;
+    } else {
+        rule_dpif_lookup(ofproto, flow, &wc, &rule);
 
-    trace_format_rule(ds, 0, rule);
-    if (rule == ofproto->miss_rule) {
-        ds_put_cstr(ds, "\nNo match, flow generates \"packet in\"s.\n");
-    } else if (rule == ofproto->no_packet_in_rule) {
-        ds_put_cstr(ds, "\nNo match, packets dropped because "
-                    "OFPPC_NO_PACKET_IN is set on in_port.\n");
-    } else if (rule == ofproto->drop_frags_rule) {
-        ds_put_cstr(ds, "\nPackets dropped because they are IP fragments "
-                    "and the fragment handling mode is \"drop\".\n");
+        trace_format_rule(ds, 0, rule);
+        if (rule == ofproto->miss_rule) {
+            ds_put_cstr(ds, "\nNo match, flow generates \"packet in\"s.\n");
+        } else if (rule == ofproto->no_packet_in_rule) {
+            ds_put_cstr(ds, "\nNo match, packets dropped because "
+                        "OFPPC_NO_PACKET_IN is set on in_port.\n");
+        } else if (rule == ofproto->drop_frags_rule) {
+            ds_put_cstr(ds, "\nPackets dropped because they are IP fragments "
+                        "and the fragment handling mode is \"drop\".\n");
+        }
     }
 
-    if (rule) {
+    if (rule || ofpacts) {
         uint64_t odp_actions_stub[1024 / 8];
         struct ofpbuf odp_actions;
         struct trace_ctx trace;
         struct match match;
-        uint8_t tcp_flags;
+        uint16_t tcp_flags;
 
         tcp_flags = packet ? packet_get_tcp_flags(packet, flow) : 0;
         trace.result = ds;
@@ -5547,6 +5575,10 @@ ofproto_trace(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow,
         ofpbuf_use_stub(&odp_actions,
                         odp_actions_stub, sizeof odp_actions_stub);
         xlate_in_init(&trace.xin, ofproto, flow, rule, tcp_flags, packet);
+        if (ofpacts) {
+            trace.xin.ofpacts = ofpacts;
+            trace.xin.ofpacts_len = ofpacts_len;
+        }
         trace.xin.resubmit_hook = trace_resubmit;
         trace.xin.report_hook = trace_report;
 
@@ -5566,34 +5598,26 @@ ofproto_trace(struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, const struct flow *flow,
                            trace.xout.odp_actions.size);
 
         if (trace.xout.slow) {
+            enum slow_path_reason slow;
+
             ds_put_cstr(ds, "\nThis flow is handled by the userspace "
                         "slow path because it:");
-            switch (trace.xout.slow) {
-            case SLOW_CFM:
-                ds_put_cstr(ds, "\n\t- Consists of CFM packets.");
-                break;
-            case SLOW_LACP:
-                ds_put_cstr(ds, "\n\t- Consists of LACP packets.");
-                break;
-            case SLOW_STP:
-                ds_put_cstr(ds, "\n\t- Consists of STP packets.");
-                break;
-            case SLOW_BFD:
-                ds_put_cstr(ds, "\n\t- Consists of BFD packets.");
-                break;
-            case SLOW_CONTROLLER:
-                ds_put_cstr(ds, "\n\t- Sends \"packet-in\" messages "
-                            "to the OpenFlow controller.");
-                break;
-            case __SLOW_MAX:
-                NOT_REACHED();
+
+            slow = trace.xout.slow;
+            while (slow) {
+                enum slow_path_reason bit = rightmost_1bit(slow);
+
+                ds_put_format(ds, "\n\t- %s.",
+                              slow_path_reason_to_explanation(bit));
+
+                slow &= ~bit;
             }
         }
 
         xlate_out_uninit(&trace.xout);
     }
 
-    rule_dpif_release(rule);
+    rule_dpif_unref(rule);
 }
 
 /* Runs a self-check of flow translations in 'ofproto'.  Appends a message to
@@ -5691,14 +5715,6 @@ ofproto_unixctl_dpif_dump_dps(struct unixctl_conn *conn, int argc OVS_UNUSED,
     ds_destroy(&ds);
 }
 
-static void
-show_dp_rates(struct ds *ds, const char *heading,
-              const struct avg_subfacet_rates *rates)
-{
-    ds_put_format(ds, "%s add rate: %5.3f/min, del rate: %5.3f/min\n",
-                  heading, rates->add_rate, rates->del_rate);
-}
-
 static void
 dpif_show_backer(const struct dpif_backer *backer, struct ds *ds)
 {
@@ -5706,7 +5722,6 @@ dpif_show_backer(const struct dpif_backer *backer, struct ds *ds)
     struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto;
     struct shash ofproto_shash;
     uint64_t n_hit, n_missed;
-    long long int minutes;
     size_t i;
 
     n_hit = n_missed = 0;
@@ -5719,20 +5734,11 @@ dpif_show_backer(const struct dpif_backer *backer, struct ds *ds)
 
     ds_put_format(ds, "%s: hit:%"PRIu64" missed:%"PRIu64"\n",
                   dpif_name(backer->dpif), n_hit, n_missed);
-    ds_put_format(ds, "\tflows: cur: %zu, avg: %u, max: %u,"
+    ds_put_format(ds, "\tflows: cur: %"PRIuSIZE", avg: %u, max: %u,"
                   " life span: %lldms\n", hmap_count(&backer->subfacets),
                   backer->avg_n_subfacet, backer->max_n_subfacet,
                   backer->avg_subfacet_life);
 
-    minutes = (time_msec() - backer->created) / (1000 * 60);
-    if (minutes >= 60) {
-        show_dp_rates(ds, "\thourly avg:", &backer->hourly);
-    }
-    if (minutes >= 60 * 24) {
-        show_dp_rates(ds, "\tdaily avg:",  &backer->daily);
-    }
-    show_dp_rates(ds, "\toverall avg:",  &backer->lifetime);
-
     shash_init(&ofproto_shash);
     ofprotos = get_ofprotos(&ofproto_shash);
     for (i = 0; i < shash_count(&ofproto_shash); i++) {
@@ -5839,7 +5845,7 @@ ofproto_unixctl_dpif_dump_megaflows(struct unixctl_conn *conn,
     CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (facet, cr, &cursor) {
         cls_rule_format(&facet->cr, &ds);
         ds_put_cstr(&ds, ", ");
-        ds_put_format(&ds, "n_subfacets:%zu, ", list_size(&facet->subfacets));
+        ds_put_format(&ds, "n_subfacets:%"PRIuSIZE", ", list_size(&facet->subfacets));
         ds_put_format(&ds, "used:%.3fs, ", (now - facet->used) / 1000.0);
         ds_put_cstr(&ds, "Datapath actions: ");
         if (facet->xout.slow) {
@@ -5939,7 +5945,7 @@ ofproto_unixctl_dpif_dump_flows(struct unixctl_conn *conn,
         }
 
         odp_flow_format(subfacet->key, subfacet->key_len,
-                        mask.data, mask.size, &ds, false);
+                        mask.data, mask.size, NULL, &ds, false);
 
         ds_put_format(&ds, ", packets:%"PRIu64", bytes:%"PRIu64", used:",
                       subfacet->dp_packet_count, subfacet->dp_byte_count);
@@ -6006,8 +6012,12 @@ ofproto_dpif_unixctl_init(void)
 
     unixctl_command_register(
         "ofproto/trace",
-        "[dp_name]|bridge odp_flow|br_flow [-generate|packet]",
+        "{[dp_name] odp_flow | bridge br_flow} [-generate|packet]",
         1, 3, ofproto_unixctl_trace, NULL);
+    unixctl_command_register(
+        "ofproto/trace-packet-out",
+        "[-consistent] {[dp_name] odp_flow | bridge br_flow} [-generate|packet] actions",
+        2, 6, ofproto_unixctl_trace_actions, NULL);
     unixctl_command_register("fdb/flush", "[bridge]", 0, 1,
                              ofproto_unixctl_fdb_flush, NULL);
     unixctl_command_register("fdb/show", "bridge", 1, 1,
@@ -6285,51 +6295,6 @@ odp_port_to_ofp_port(const struct ofproto_dpif *ofproto, odp_port_t odp_port)
     }
 }
 
-/* Compute exponentially weighted moving average, adding 'new' as the newest,
- * most heavily weighted element.  'base' designates the rate of decay: after
- * 'base' further updates, 'new''s weight in the EWMA decays to about 1/e
- * (about .37). */
-static void
-exp_mavg(double *avg, int base, double new)
-{
-    *avg = (*avg * (base - 1) + new) / base;
-}
-
-static void
-update_moving_averages(struct dpif_backer *backer)
-{
-    const int min_ms = 60 * 1000; /* milliseconds in one minute. */
-    long long int minutes = (time_msec() - backer->created) / min_ms;
-
-    if (minutes > 0) {
-        backer->lifetime.add_rate = (double) backer->total_subfacet_add_count
-            / minutes;
-        backer->lifetime.del_rate = (double) backer->total_subfacet_del_count
-            / minutes;
-    } else {
-        backer->lifetime.add_rate = 0.0;
-        backer->lifetime.del_rate = 0.0;
-    }
-
-    /* Update hourly averages on the minute boundaries. */
-    if (time_msec() - backer->last_minute >= min_ms) {
-        exp_mavg(&backer->hourly.add_rate, 60, backer->subfacet_add_count);
-        exp_mavg(&backer->hourly.del_rate, 60, backer->subfacet_del_count);
-
-        /* Update daily averages on the hour boundaries. */
-        if ((backer->last_minute - backer->created) / min_ms % 60 == 59) {
-            exp_mavg(&backer->daily.add_rate, 24, backer->hourly.add_rate);
-            exp_mavg(&backer->daily.del_rate, 24, backer->hourly.del_rate);
-        }
-
-        backer->total_subfacet_add_count += backer->subfacet_add_count;
-        backer->total_subfacet_del_count += backer->subfacet_del_count;
-        backer->subfacet_add_count = 0;
-        backer->subfacet_del_count = 0;
-        backer->last_minute += min_ms;
-    }
-}
-
 const struct ofproto_class ofproto_dpif_class = {
     init,
     enumerate_types,
@@ -6404,10 +6369,10 @@ const struct ofproto_class ofproto_dpif_class = {
     NULL,                       /* meter_set */
     NULL,                       /* meter_get */
     NULL,                       /* meter_del */
-    NULL,                       /* group_alloc */
-    NULL,                       /* group_construct */
-    NULL,                       /* group_destruct */
-    NULL,                       /* group_dealloc */
-    NULL,                       /* group_modify */
-    NULL,                       /* group_get_stats */
+    group_alloc,                /* group_alloc */
+    group_construct,            /* group_construct */
+    group_destruct,             /* group_destruct */
+    group_dealloc,              /* group_dealloc */
+    group_modify,               /* group_modify */
+    group_get_stats,            /* group_get_stats */
 };