ofp-errors: Add OFPET_FLOW_MONITOR_FAILED
[cascardo/ovs.git] / ofproto / ofproto.c
index d302c9b..a05a444 100644 (file)
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013 Nicira, Inc.
+ * Copyright (c) 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 Nicira, Inc.
  * Copyright (c) 2010 Jean Tourrilhes - HP-Labs.
  *
  * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "bitmap.h"
 #include "byte-order.h"
 #include "classifier.h"
+#include "connectivity.h"
 #include "connmgr.h"
 #include "coverage.h"
 #include "dynamic-string.h"
 #include "ofproto-provider.h"
 #include "openflow/nicira-ext.h"
 #include "openflow/openflow.h"
+#include "ovs-rcu.h"
 #include "packets.h"
 #include "pinsched.h"
 #include "pktbuf.h"
 #include "poll-loop.h"
 #include "random.h"
+#include "seq.h"
 #include "shash.h"
 #include "simap.h"
 #include "smap.h"
@@ -55,6 +58,7 @@
 #include "unaligned.h"
 #include "unixctl.h"
 #include "vlog.h"
+#include "bundles.h"
 
 VLOG_DEFINE_THIS_MODULE(ofproto);
 
@@ -65,80 +69,10 @@ COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_recv_openflow);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_reinit_ports);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_update_port);
 
-enum ofproto_state {
-    S_OPENFLOW,                 /* Processing OpenFlow commands. */
-    S_EVICT,                    /* Evicting flows from over-limit tables. */
-    S_FLUSH,                    /* Deleting all flow table rules. */
-};
-
-enum ofoperation_type {
-    OFOPERATION_ADD,
-    OFOPERATION_DELETE,
-    OFOPERATION_MODIFY,
-    OFOPERATION_REPLACE
-};
-
-/* A single OpenFlow request can execute any number of operations.  The
- * ofopgroup maintain OpenFlow state common to all of the operations, e.g. the
- * ofconn to which an error reply should be sent if necessary.
- *
- * ofproto initiates some operations internally.  These operations are still
- * assigned to groups but will not have an associated ofconn. */
-struct ofopgroup {
-    struct ofproto *ofproto;    /* Owning ofproto. */
-    struct list ofproto_node;   /* In ofproto's "pending" list. */
-    struct list ops;            /* List of "struct ofoperation"s. */
-    int n_running;              /* Number of ops still pending. */
-
-    /* Data needed to send OpenFlow reply on failure or to send a buffered
-     * packet on success.
-     *
-     * If list_is_empty(ofconn_node) then this ofopgroup never had an
-     * associated ofconn or its ofconn's connection dropped after it initiated
-     * the operation.  In the latter case 'ofconn' is a wild pointer that
-     * refers to freed memory, so the 'ofconn' member must be used only if
-     * !list_is_empty(ofconn_node).
-     */
-    struct list ofconn_node;    /* In ofconn's list of pending opgroups. */
-    struct ofconn *ofconn;      /* ofconn for reply (but see note above). */
-    struct ofp_header *request; /* Original request (truncated at 64 bytes). */
-    uint32_t buffer_id;         /* Buffer id from original request. */
-};
-
-static struct ofopgroup *ofopgroup_create_unattached(struct ofproto *);
-static struct ofopgroup *ofopgroup_create(struct ofproto *, struct ofconn *,
-                                          const struct ofp_header *,
-                                          uint32_t buffer_id);
-static void ofopgroup_submit(struct ofopgroup *);
-static void ofopgroup_complete(struct ofopgroup *);
-
-/* A single flow table operation. */
-struct ofoperation {
-    struct ofopgroup *group;    /* Owning group. */
-    struct list group_node;     /* In ofopgroup's "ops" list. */
-    struct hmap_node hmap_node; /* In ofproto's "deletions" hmap. */
-    struct rule *rule;          /* Rule being operated upon. */
-    enum ofoperation_type type; /* Type of operation. */
-
-    /* OFOPERATION_MODIFY, OFOPERATION_REPLACE: The old actions, if the actions
-     * are changing. */
-    struct rule_actions *actions;
-
-    /* OFOPERATION_DELETE. */
-    enum ofp_flow_removed_reason reason; /* Reason flow was removed. */
-
-    ovs_be64 flow_cookie;               /* Rule's old flow cookie. */
-    uint16_t idle_timeout;              /* Rule's old idle timeout. */
-    uint16_t hard_timeout;              /* Rule's old hard timeout. */
-    enum ofputil_flow_mod_flags flags;  /* Rule's old flags. */
-    enum ofperr error;                  /* 0 if no error. */
-};
-
-static struct ofoperation *ofoperation_create(struct ofopgroup *,
-                                              struct rule *,
-                                              enum ofoperation_type,
-                                              enum ofp_flow_removed_reason);
-static void ofoperation_destroy(struct ofoperation *);
+/* Default fields to use for prefix tries in each flow table, unless something
+ * else is configured. */
+const enum mf_field_id default_prefix_fields[2] =
+    { MFF_IPV4_DST, MFF_IPV4_SRC };
 
 /* oftable. */
 static void oftable_init(struct oftable *);
@@ -146,6 +80,9 @@ static void oftable_destroy(struct oftable *);
 
 static void oftable_set_name(struct oftable *, const char *name);
 
+static enum ofperr evict_rules_from_table(struct oftable *,
+                                          unsigned int extra_space)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
 static void oftable_disable_eviction(struct oftable *);
 static void oftable_enable_eviction(struct oftable *,
                                     const struct mf_subfield *fields,
@@ -154,7 +91,6 @@ static void oftable_enable_eviction(struct oftable *,
 static void oftable_remove_rule(struct rule *rule) OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
 static void oftable_remove_rule__(struct ofproto *, struct rule *)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
-static void oftable_insert_rule(struct rule *);
 
 /* A set of rules within a single OpenFlow table (oftable) that have the same
  * values for the oftable's eviction_fields.  A rule to be evicted, when one is
@@ -178,11 +114,14 @@ struct eviction_group {
     struct heap rules;          /* Contains "struct rule"s. */
 };
 
-static bool choose_rule_to_evict(struct oftable *table, struct rule **rulep);
-static void ofproto_evict(struct ofproto *) OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex);
-static uint32_t rule_eviction_priority(struct rule *);
-static void eviction_group_add_rule(struct rule *);
-static void eviction_group_remove_rule(struct rule *);
+static bool choose_rule_to_evict(struct oftable *table, struct rule **rulep)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
+static uint32_t rule_eviction_priority(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);;
+static void eviction_group_add_rule(struct rule *)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
+static void eviction_group_remove_rule(struct rule *)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
 
 /* Criteria that flow_mod and other operations use for selecting rules on
  * which to operate. */
@@ -207,6 +146,10 @@ struct rule_criteria {
      * If out_group != OFPG_ALL, select only rules that output to out_group. */
     ofp_port_t out_port;
     uint32_t out_group;
+
+    /* If true, collects only rules that are modifiable. */
+    bool include_hidden;
+    bool include_readonly;
 };
 
 static void rule_criteria_init(struct rule_criteria *, uint8_t table_id,
@@ -214,8 +157,14 @@ static void rule_criteria_init(struct rule_criteria *, uint8_t table_id,
                                unsigned int priority,
                                ovs_be64 cookie, ovs_be64 cookie_mask,
                                ofp_port_t out_port, uint32_t out_group);
+static void rule_criteria_require_rw(struct rule_criteria *,
+                                     bool can_write_readonly);
 static void rule_criteria_destroy(struct rule_criteria *);
 
+static enum ofperr collect_rules_loose(struct ofproto *,
+                                       const struct rule_criteria *,
+                                       struct rule_collection *);
+
 /* A packet that needs to be passed to rule_execute().
  *
  * (We can't do this immediately from ofopgroup_complete() because that holds
@@ -230,6 +179,37 @@ struct rule_execute {
 static void run_rule_executes(struct ofproto *) OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex);
 static void destroy_rule_executes(struct ofproto *);
 
+struct learned_cookie {
+    union {
+        /* In struct ofproto's 'learned_cookies' hmap. */
+        struct hmap_node hmap_node OVS_GUARDED_BY(ofproto_mutex);
+
+        /* In 'dead_cookies' list when removed from hmap. */
+        struct list list_node;
+    } u;
+
+    /* Key. */
+    ovs_be64 cookie OVS_GUARDED_BY(ofproto_mutex);
+    uint8_t table_id OVS_GUARDED_BY(ofproto_mutex);
+
+    /* Number of references from "learn" actions.
+     *
+     * When this drops to 0, all of the flows in 'table_id' with the specified
+     * 'cookie' are deleted. */
+    int n OVS_GUARDED_BY(ofproto_mutex);
+};
+
+static const struct ofpact_learn *next_learn_with_delete(
+    const struct rule_actions *, const struct ofpact_learn *start);
+
+static void learned_cookies_inc(struct ofproto *, const struct rule_actions *)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
+static void learned_cookies_dec(struct ofproto *, const struct rule_actions *,
+                                struct list *dead_cookies)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
+static void learned_cookies_flush(struct ofproto *, struct list *dead_cookies)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
+
 /* ofport. */
 static void ofport_destroy__(struct ofport *) OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex);
 static void ofport_destroy(struct ofport *);
@@ -256,21 +236,36 @@ struct ofport_usage {
 };
 
 /* rule. */
-static void ofproto_rule_destroy__(struct rule *);
 static void ofproto_rule_send_removed(struct rule *, uint8_t reason);
-static bool rule_is_modifiable(const struct rule *);
+static bool rule_is_readonly(const struct rule *);
+
+/* The source of a flow_mod request, in the code that processes flow_mods.
+ *
+ * A flow table modification request can be generated externally, via OpenFlow,
+ * or internally through a function call.  This structure indicates the source
+ * of an OpenFlow-generated flow_mod.  For an internal flow_mod, it isn't
+ * meaningful and thus supplied as NULL. */
+struct flow_mod_requester {
+    struct ofconn *ofconn;      /* Connection on which flow_mod arrived. */
+    ovs_be32 xid;               /* OpenFlow xid of flow_mod request. */
+};
 
 /* OpenFlow. */
-static enum ofperr add_flow(struct ofproto *, struct ofconn *,
-                            struct ofputil_flow_mod *,
-                            const struct ofp_header *);
-static enum ofperr modify_flows__(struct ofproto *, struct ofconn *,
-                                  struct ofputil_flow_mod *,
-                                  const struct ofp_header *,
-                                  const struct rule_collection *);
-static void delete_flow__(struct rule *rule, struct ofopgroup *,
-                          enum ofp_flow_removed_reason)
+static enum ofperr add_flow(struct ofproto *, struct ofputil_flow_mod *,
+                            const struct flow_mod_requester *);
+
+static enum ofperr modify_flows__(struct ofproto *, struct ofputil_flow_mod *,
+                                  const struct rule_collection *,
+                                  const struct flow_mod_requester *);
+static void delete_flows__(const struct rule_collection *,
+                           enum ofp_flow_removed_reason,
+                           const struct flow_mod_requester *)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
+
+static enum ofperr send_buffered_packet(struct ofconn *, uint32_t buffer_id,
+                                        struct rule *)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
+
 static bool ofproto_group_exists__(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
                                    uint32_t group_id)
     OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(ofproto->groups_rwlock);
@@ -278,10 +273,10 @@ static bool ofproto_group_exists(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
                                  uint32_t group_id)
     OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto->groups_rwlock);
 static enum ofperr add_group(struct ofproto *, struct ofputil_group_mod *);
-static bool handle_openflow(struct ofconn *, const struct ofpbuf *);
-static enum ofperr handle_flow_mod__(struct ofproto *, struct ofconn *,
+static void handle_openflow(struct ofconn *, const struct ofpbuf *);
+static enum ofperr handle_flow_mod__(struct ofproto *,
                                      struct ofputil_flow_mod *,
-                                     const struct ofp_header *)
+                                     const struct flow_mod_requester *)
     OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex);
 static void calc_duration(long long int start, long long int now,
                           uint32_t *sec, uint32_t *nsec);
@@ -292,6 +287,7 @@ static uint64_t pick_fallback_dpid(void);
 static void ofproto_destroy__(struct ofproto *);
 static void update_mtu(struct ofproto *, struct ofport *);
 static void meter_delete(struct ofproto *, uint32_t first, uint32_t last);
+static void meter_insert_rule(struct rule *);
 
 /* unixctl. */
 static void ofproto_unixctl_init(void);
@@ -304,9 +300,10 @@ static size_t allocated_ofproto_classes;
 /* Global lock that protects all flow table operations. */
 struct ovs_mutex ofproto_mutex = OVS_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
 
-unsigned flow_eviction_threshold = OFPROTO_FLOW_EVICTION_THRESHOLD_DEFAULT;
-unsigned n_handler_threads;
-enum ofproto_flow_miss_model flow_miss_model = OFPROTO_HANDLE_MISS_AUTO;
+unsigned ofproto_flow_limit = OFPROTO_FLOW_LIMIT_DEFAULT;
+unsigned ofproto_max_idle = OFPROTO_MAX_IDLE_DEFAULT;
+
+size_t n_handlers, n_revalidators;
 
 /* Map from datapath name to struct ofproto, for use by unixctl commands. */
 static struct hmap all_ofprotos = HMAP_INITIALIZER(&all_ofprotos);
@@ -432,6 +429,7 @@ ofproto_enumerate_types(struct sset *types)
 {
     size_t i;
 
+    sset_clear(types);
     for (i = 0; i < n_ofproto_classes; i++) {
         ofproto_classes[i]->enumerate_types(types);
     }
@@ -514,31 +512,40 @@ ofproto_create(const char *datapath_name, const char *datapath_type,
     ofproto->tables = NULL;
     ofproto->n_tables = 0;
     hindex_init(&ofproto->cookies);
+    hmap_init(&ofproto->learned_cookies);
     list_init(&ofproto->expirable);
     ofproto->connmgr = connmgr_create(ofproto, datapath_name, datapath_name);
-    ofproto->state = S_OPENFLOW;
-    list_init(&ofproto->pending);
-    ofproto->n_pending = 0;
-    hmap_init(&ofproto->deletions);
     guarded_list_init(&ofproto->rule_executes);
-    ofproto->n_add = ofproto->n_delete = ofproto->n_modify = 0;
-    ofproto->first_op = ofproto->last_op = LLONG_MIN;
-    ofproto->next_op_report = LLONG_MAX;
-    ofproto->op_backoff = LLONG_MIN;
     ofproto->vlan_bitmap = NULL;
     ofproto->vlans_changed = false;
     ofproto->min_mtu = INT_MAX;
     ovs_rwlock_init(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
     hmap_init(&ofproto->groups);
     ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
-    ofproto->ogf.capabilities = OFPGFC_CHAINING;
+    ofproto->ogf.capabilities = OFPGFC_CHAINING | OFPGFC_SELECT_LIVENESS |
+                                OFPGFC_SELECT_WEIGHT;
     ofproto->ogf.max_groups[OFPGT11_ALL] = OFPG_MAX;
+    ofproto->ogf.max_groups[OFPGT11_SELECT] = OFPG_MAX;
     ofproto->ogf.max_groups[OFPGT11_INDIRECT] = OFPG_MAX;
     ofproto->ogf.max_groups[OFPGT11_FF] = OFPG_MAX;
     ofproto->ogf.actions[0] =
-#define OFPAT11_ACTION(ENUM, STRUCT, EXTENSIBLE, NAME) (1 << ENUM) |
-#include "ofp-util.def"
-    0;
+        (1 << OFPAT11_OUTPUT) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_COPY_TTL_OUT) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_COPY_TTL_IN) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_SET_MPLS_TTL) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_DEC_MPLS_TTL) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_PUSH_VLAN) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_POP_VLAN) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_PUSH_MPLS) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_POP_MPLS) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_SET_QUEUE) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_GROUP) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_SET_NW_TTL) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_DEC_NW_TTL) |
+        (1 << OFPAT12_SET_FIELD);
+/* not supported:
+ *      (1 << OFPAT13_PUSH_PBB) |
+ *      (1 << OFPAT13_POP_PBB) */
 
     error = ofproto->ofproto_class->construct(ofproto);
     if (error) {
@@ -673,17 +680,17 @@ ofproto_set_in_band_queue(struct ofproto *ofproto, int queue_id)
 /* Sets the number of flows at which eviction from the kernel flow table
  * will occur. */
 void
-ofproto_set_flow_eviction_threshold(unsigned threshold)
+ofproto_set_flow_limit(unsigned limit)
 {
-    flow_eviction_threshold = MAX(OFPROTO_FLOW_EVICTION_THRESHOLD_MIN,
-                                  threshold);
+    ofproto_flow_limit = limit;
 }
 
-/* Sets the path for handling flow misses. */
+/* Sets the maximum idle time for flows in the datapath before they are
+ * expired. */
 void
-ofproto_set_flow_miss_model(unsigned model)
+ofproto_set_max_idle(unsigned max_idle)
 {
-    flow_miss_model = model;
+    ofproto_max_idle = max_idle;
 }
 
 /* If forward_bpdu is true, the NORMAL action will forward frames with
@@ -714,16 +721,22 @@ ofproto_set_mac_table_config(struct ofproto *ofproto, unsigned idle_time,
     }
 }
 
-/* Sets number of upcall handler threads.  The default is
- * (number of online cores - 2). */
 void
-ofproto_set_n_handler_threads(unsigned limit)
+ofproto_set_threads(int n_handlers_, int n_revalidators_)
 {
-    if (limit) {
-        n_handler_threads = limit;
-    } else {
-        int n_proc = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
-        n_handler_threads = n_proc > 2 ? n_proc - 2 : 1;
+    int threads = MAX(count_cpu_cores(), 2);
+
+    n_revalidators = MAX(n_revalidators_, 0);
+    n_handlers = MAX(n_handlers_, 0);
+
+    if (!n_revalidators) {
+        n_revalidators = n_handlers
+            ? MAX(threads - (int) n_handlers, 1)
+            : threads / 4 + 1;
+    }
+
+    if (!n_handlers) {
+        n_handlers = MAX(threads - (int) n_revalidators, 1);
     }
 }
 
@@ -868,6 +881,27 @@ ofproto_port_get_stp_status(struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port,
             ? ofproto->ofproto_class->get_stp_port_status(ofport, s)
             : EOPNOTSUPP);
 }
+
+/* Retrieves STP port statistics of 'ofp_port' on 'ofproto' and stores it in
+ * 's'.  If the 'enabled' member in 's' is false, then the other members
+ * are not meaningful.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if successful, otherwise a positive errno value.*/
+int
+ofproto_port_get_stp_stats(struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port,
+                           struct ofproto_port_stp_stats *s)
+{
+    struct ofport *ofport = ofproto_get_port(ofproto, ofp_port);
+    if (!ofport) {
+        VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: cannot get STP stats on nonexistent "
+                     "port %"PRIu16, ofproto->name, ofp_port);
+        return ENODEV;
+    }
+
+    return (ofproto->ofproto_class->get_stp_port_stats
+            ? ofproto->ofproto_class->get_stp_port_stats(ofport, s)
+            : EOPNOTSUPP);
+}
 \f
 /* Queue DSCP configuration. */
 
@@ -967,10 +1001,12 @@ ofproto_port_set_bfd(struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port,
     }
 }
 
-/* Populates 'status' with key value pairs indicating the status of the BFD
- * session on 'ofp_port'.  This information is intended to be populated in the
- * OVS database.  Has no effect if 'ofp_port' is not na OpenFlow port in
- * 'ofproto'. */
+/* Populates 'status' with the status of BFD on 'ofport'.  Returns 0 on
+ * success.  Returns a negative number if there is no status change since
+ * last update.  Returns a positive errno otherwise.  Has no effect if
+ * 'ofp_port' is not an OpenFlow port in 'ofproto'.
+ *
+ * The caller must provide and own '*status'. */
 int
 ofproto_port_get_bfd_status(struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port,
                             struct smap *status)
@@ -1095,6 +1131,24 @@ ofproto_get_n_tables(const struct ofproto *ofproto)
     return ofproto->n_tables;
 }
 
+/* Returns the number of Controller visible OpenFlow tables
+ * in 'ofproto'. This number will exclude Hidden tables.
+ * This funtion's return value should be less or equal to that of
+ * ofproto_get_n_tables() . */
+uint8_t
+ofproto_get_n_visible_tables(const struct ofproto *ofproto)
+{
+    uint8_t n = ofproto->n_tables;
+
+    /* Count only non-hidden tables in the number of tables.  (Hidden tables,
+     * if present, are always at the end.) */
+    while(n && (ofproto->tables[n - 1].flags & OFTABLE_HIDDEN)) {
+        n--;
+    }
+
+    return n;
+}
+
 /* Configures the OpenFlow table in 'ofproto' with id 'table_id' with the
  * settings from 's'.  'table_id' must be in the range 0 through the number of
  * OpenFlow tables in 'ofproto' minus 1, inclusive.
@@ -1122,23 +1176,14 @@ ofproto_configure_table(struct ofproto *ofproto, int table_id,
     }
 
     table->max_flows = s->max_flows;
-    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
-    if (classifier_count(&table->cls) > table->max_flows
-        && table->eviction_fields) {
-        /* 'table' contains more flows than allowed.  We might not be able to
-         * evict them right away because of the asynchronous nature of flow
-         * table changes.  Schedule eviction for later. */
-        switch (ofproto->state) {
-        case S_OPENFLOW:
-            ofproto->state = S_EVICT;
-            break;
-        case S_EVICT:
-        case S_FLUSH:
-            /* We're already deleting flows, nothing more to do. */
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_wrlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    classifier_set_prefix_fields(&table->cls,
+                                 s->prefix_fields, s->n_prefix_fields);
+    fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
+    evict_rules_from_table(table, 0);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
 }
 \f
 bool
@@ -1154,20 +1199,18 @@ ofproto_get_snoops(const struct ofproto *ofproto, struct sset *snoops)
 }
 
 static void
-ofproto_rule_delete__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule,
-                      uint8_t reason)
+ofproto_rule_delete__(struct rule *rule, uint8_t reason)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct ofopgroup *group;
-
-    ovs_assert(!rule->pending);
+    struct rule_collection rules;
 
-    group = ofopgroup_create_unattached(ofproto);
-    delete_flow__(rule, group, reason);
-    ofopgroup_submit(group);
+    rules.rules = rules.stub;
+    rules.n = 1;
+    rules.stub[0] = rule;
+    delete_flows__(&rules, reason, NULL);
 }
 
-/* Deletes 'rule' from 'cls' within 'ofproto'.
+/* Deletes 'rule' from 'ofproto'.
  *
  * Within an ofproto implementation, this function allows an ofproto
  * implementation to destroy any rules that remain when its ->destruct()
@@ -1180,17 +1223,12 @@ void
 ofproto_rule_delete(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule)
     OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct ofopgroup *group;
-
+    /* This skips the ofmonitor and flow-removed notifications because the
+     * switch is being deleted and any OpenFlow channels have been or soon will
+     * be killed. */
     ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
-    ovs_assert(!rule->pending);
-
-    group = ofopgroup_create_unattached(ofproto);
-    ofoperation_create(group, rule, OFOPERATION_DELETE, OFPRR_DELETE);
     oftable_remove_rule__(ofproto, rule);
     ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_delete(rule);
-    ofopgroup_submit(group);
-
     ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
 }
 
@@ -1213,13 +1251,11 @@ ofproto_flush__(struct ofproto *ofproto)
             continue;
         }
 
-        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+        fat_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, NULL);
-        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+        fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH_SAFE (rule, next_rule, cr, &cursor) {
-            if (!rule->pending) {
-                ofproto_rule_delete__(ofproto, rule, OFPRR_DELETE);
-            }
+            ofproto_rule_delete__(rule, OFPRR_DELETE);
         }
     }
     ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
@@ -1233,12 +1269,10 @@ ofproto_destroy__(struct ofproto *ofproto)
 {
     struct oftable *table;
 
-    ovs_assert(list_is_empty(&ofproto->pending));
-
     destroy_rule_executes(ofproto);
-    guarded_list_destroy(&ofproto->rule_executes);
-
     delete_group(ofproto, OFPG_ALL);
+
+    guarded_list_destroy(&ofproto->rule_executes);
     ovs_rwlock_destroy(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
     hmap_destroy(&ofproto->groups);
 
@@ -1262,7 +1296,11 @@ ofproto_destroy__(struct ofproto *ofproto)
     }
     free(ofproto->tables);
 
-    hmap_destroy(&ofproto->deletions);
+    ovs_assert(hindex_is_empty(&ofproto->cookies));
+    hindex_destroy(&ofproto->cookies);
+
+    ovs_assert(hmap_is_empty(&ofproto->learned_cookies));
+    hmap_destroy(&ofproto->learned_cookies);
 
     free(ofproto->vlan_bitmap);
 
@@ -1298,7 +1336,8 @@ ofproto_destroy(struct ofproto *p)
     }
 
     p->ofproto_class->destruct(p);
-    ofproto_destroy__(p);
+    /* Destroying rules is deferred, must have 'ofproto' around for them. */
+    ovsrcu_postpone(ofproto_destroy__, p);
 }
 
 /* Destroys the datapath with the respective 'name' and 'type'.  With the Linux
@@ -1344,23 +1383,6 @@ ofproto_type_run(const char *datapath_type)
     return error;
 }
 
-int
-ofproto_type_run_fast(const char *datapath_type)
-{
-    const struct ofproto_class *class;
-    int error;
-
-    datapath_type = ofproto_normalize_type(datapath_type);
-    class = ofproto_class_find__(datapath_type);
-
-    error = class->type_run_fast ? class->type_run_fast(datapath_type) : 0;
-    if (error && error != EAGAIN) {
-        VLOG_ERR_RL(&rl, "%s: type_run_fast failed (%s)",
-                    datapath_type, ovs_strerror(error));
-    }
-    return error;
-}
-
 void
 ofproto_type_wait(const char *datapath_type)
 {
@@ -1374,26 +1396,11 @@ ofproto_type_wait(const char *datapath_type)
     }
 }
 
-static bool
-any_pending_ops(const struct ofproto *p)
-    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
-{
-    bool b;
-
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
-    b = !list_is_empty(&p->pending);
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
-
-    return b;
-}
-
 int
 ofproto_run(struct ofproto *p)
 {
-    struct sset changed_netdevs;
-    const char *changed_netdev;
-    struct ofport *ofport;
     int error;
+    uint64_t new_seq;
 
     error = p->ofproto_class->run(p);
     if (error && error != EAGAIN) {
@@ -1419,19 +1426,23 @@ ofproto_run(struct ofproto *p)
             }
 
             ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
-            HEAP_FOR_EACH (evg, size_node, &table->eviction_groups_by_size) {
-                heap_rebuild(&evg->rules);
-            }
-
-            ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+            fat_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
             cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, NULL);
             CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (rule, cr, &cursor) {
-                if (!rule->eviction_group
-                    && (rule->idle_timeout || rule->hard_timeout)) {
-                    eviction_group_add_rule(rule);
+                if (rule->idle_timeout || rule->hard_timeout) {
+                    if (!rule->eviction_group) {
+                        eviction_group_add_rule(rule);
+                    } else {
+                        heap_raw_change(&rule->evg_node,
+                                        rule_eviction_priority(p, rule));
+                    }
                 }
             }
-            ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+            fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+
+            HEAP_FOR_EACH (evg, size_node, &table->eviction_groups_by_size) {
+                heap_rebuild(&evg->rules);
+            }
             ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
         }
     }
@@ -1444,139 +1455,50 @@ ofproto_run(struct ofproto *p)
         }
     }
 
-    /* Update OpenFlow port status for any port whose netdev has changed.
-     *
-     * Refreshing a given 'ofport' can cause an arbitrary ofport to be
-     * destroyed, so it's not safe to update ports directly from the
-     * HMAP_FOR_EACH loop, or even to use HMAP_FOR_EACH_SAFE.  Instead, we
-     * need this two-phase approach. */
-    sset_init(&changed_netdevs);
-    HMAP_FOR_EACH (ofport, hmap_node, &p->ports) {
-        unsigned int change_seq = netdev_change_seq(ofport->netdev);
-        if (ofport->change_seq != change_seq) {
-            ofport->change_seq = change_seq;
-            sset_add(&changed_netdevs, netdev_get_name(ofport->netdev));
-        }
-    }
-    SSET_FOR_EACH (changed_netdev, &changed_netdevs) {
-        update_port(p, changed_netdev);
-    }
-    sset_destroy(&changed_netdevs);
-
-    switch (p->state) {
-    case S_OPENFLOW:
-        connmgr_run(p->connmgr, handle_openflow);
-        break;
-
-    case S_EVICT:
-        connmgr_run(p->connmgr, NULL);
-        ofproto_evict(p);
-        if (!any_pending_ops(p)) {
-            p->state = S_OPENFLOW;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    case S_FLUSH:
-        connmgr_run(p->connmgr, NULL);
-        ofproto_flush__(p);
-        if (!any_pending_ops(p)) {
-            connmgr_flushed(p->connmgr);
-            p->state = S_OPENFLOW;
-        }
-        break;
-
-    default:
-        NOT_REACHED();
-    }
-
-    if (time_msec() >= p->next_op_report) {
-        long long int ago = (time_msec() - p->first_op) / 1000;
-        long long int interval = (p->last_op - p->first_op) / 1000;
-        struct ds s;
-
-        ds_init(&s);
-        ds_put_format(&s, "%d flow_mods ",
-                      p->n_add + p->n_delete + p->n_modify);
-        if (interval == ago) {
-            ds_put_format(&s, "in the last %lld s", ago);
-        } else if (interval) {
-            ds_put_format(&s, "in the %lld s starting %lld s ago",
-                          interval, ago);
-        } else {
-            ds_put_format(&s, "%lld s ago", ago);
-        }
-
-        ds_put_cstr(&s, " (");
-        if (p->n_add) {
-            ds_put_format(&s, "%d adds, ", p->n_add);
-        }
-        if (p->n_delete) {
-            ds_put_format(&s, "%d deletes, ", p->n_delete);
+    new_seq = seq_read(connectivity_seq_get());
+    if (new_seq != p->change_seq) {
+        struct sset devnames;
+        const char *devname;
+        struct ofport *ofport;
+
+        /* Update OpenFlow port status for any port whose netdev has changed.
+         *
+         * Refreshing a given 'ofport' can cause an arbitrary ofport to be
+         * destroyed, so it's not safe to update ports directly from the
+         * HMAP_FOR_EACH loop, or even to use HMAP_FOR_EACH_SAFE.  Instead, we
+         * need this two-phase approach. */
+        sset_init(&devnames);
+        HMAP_FOR_EACH (ofport, hmap_node, &p->ports) {
+            uint64_t port_change_seq;
+
+            port_change_seq = netdev_get_change_seq(ofport->netdev);
+            if (ofport->change_seq != port_change_seq) {
+                ofport->change_seq = port_change_seq;
+                sset_add(&devnames, netdev_get_name(ofport->netdev));
+            }
         }
-        if (p->n_modify) {
-            ds_put_format(&s, "%d modifications, ", p->n_modify);
+        SSET_FOR_EACH (devname, &devnames) {
+            update_port(p, devname);
         }
-        s.length -= 2;
-        ds_put_char(&s, ')');
-
-        VLOG_INFO("%s: %s", p->name, ds_cstr(&s));
-        ds_destroy(&s);
+        sset_destroy(&devnames);
 
-        p->n_add = p->n_delete = p->n_modify = 0;
-        p->next_op_report = LLONG_MAX;
+        p->change_seq = new_seq;
     }
 
-    return error;
-}
-
-/* Performs periodic activity required by 'ofproto' that needs to be done
- * with the least possible latency.
- *
- * It makes sense to call this function a couple of times per poll loop, to
- * provide a significant performance boost on some benchmarks with the
- * ofproto-dpif implementation. */
-int
-ofproto_run_fast(struct ofproto *p)
-{
-    int error;
+    connmgr_run(p->connmgr, handle_openflow);
 
-    error = p->ofproto_class->run_fast ? p->ofproto_class->run_fast(p) : 0;
-    if (error && error != EAGAIN) {
-        VLOG_ERR_RL(&rl, "%s: fastpath run failed (%s)",
-                    p->name, ovs_strerror(error));
-    }
     return error;
 }
 
 void
 ofproto_wait(struct ofproto *p)
 {
-    struct ofport *ofport;
-
     p->ofproto_class->wait(p);
     if (p->ofproto_class->port_poll_wait) {
         p->ofproto_class->port_poll_wait(p);
     }
-
-    HMAP_FOR_EACH (ofport, hmap_node, &p->ports) {
-        if (ofport->change_seq != netdev_change_seq(ofport->netdev)) {
-            poll_immediate_wake();
-        }
-    }
-
-    switch (p->state) {
-    case S_OPENFLOW:
-        connmgr_wait(p->connmgr, true);
-        break;
-
-    case S_EVICT:
-    case S_FLUSH:
-        connmgr_wait(p->connmgr, false);
-        if (!any_pending_ops(p)) {
-            poll_immediate_wake();
-        }
-        break;
-    }
+    seq_wait(connectivity_seq_get(), p->change_seq);
+    connmgr_wait(p->connmgr);
 }
 
 bool
@@ -1595,16 +1517,11 @@ ofproto_get_memory_usage(const struct ofproto *ofproto, struct simap *usage)
 
     simap_increase(usage, "ports", hmap_count(&ofproto->ports));
 
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
-    simap_increase(usage, "ops",
-                   ofproto->n_pending + hmap_count(&ofproto->deletions));
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
-
     n_rules = 0;
     OFPROTO_FOR_EACH_TABLE (table, ofproto) {
-        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+        fat_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         n_rules += classifier_count(&table->cls);
-        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+        fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     }
     simap_increase(usage, "rules", n_rules);
 
@@ -1615,6 +1532,19 @@ ofproto_get_memory_usage(const struct ofproto *ofproto, struct simap *usage)
     connmgr_get_memory_usage(ofproto->connmgr, usage);
 }
 
+void
+ofproto_type_get_memory_usage(const char *datapath_type, struct simap *usage)
+{
+    const struct ofproto_class *class;
+
+    datapath_type = ofproto_normalize_type(datapath_type);
+    class = ofproto_class_find__(datapath_type);
+
+    if (class && class->type_get_memory_usage) {
+        class->type_get_memory_usage(datapath_type, usage);
+    }
+}
+
 void
 ofproto_get_ofproto_controller_info(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
                                     struct shash *info)
@@ -1756,12 +1686,18 @@ ofproto_port_add(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct netdev *netdev,
         update_port(ofproto, netdev_name);
     }
     if (ofp_portp) {
-        struct ofproto_port ofproto_port;
-
-        ofproto_port_query_by_name(ofproto, netdev_get_name(netdev),
-                                   &ofproto_port);
-        *ofp_portp = error ? OFPP_NONE : ofproto_port.ofp_port;
-        ofproto_port_destroy(&ofproto_port);
+        *ofp_portp = OFPP_NONE;
+        if (!error) {
+            struct ofproto_port ofproto_port;
+
+            error = ofproto_port_query_by_name(ofproto,
+                                               netdev_get_name(netdev),
+                                               &ofproto_port);
+            if (!error) {
+                *ofp_portp = ofproto_port.ofp_port;
+                ofproto_port_destroy(&ofproto_port);
+            }
+        }
     }
     return error;
 }
@@ -1835,6 +1771,7 @@ flow_mod_init(struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
     fm->flags = 0;
     fm->ofpacts = CONST_CAST(struct ofpact *, ofpacts);
     fm->ofpacts_len = ofpacts_len;
+    fm->delete_reason = OFPRR_DELETE;
 }
 
 static int
@@ -1847,7 +1784,7 @@ simple_flow_mod(struct ofproto *ofproto,
 
     flow_mod_init(&fm, match, priority, ofpacts, ofpacts_len, command);
 
-    return handle_flow_mod__(ofproto, NULL, &fm, NULL);
+    return handle_flow_mod__(ofproto, &fm, NULL);
 }
 
 /* Adds a flow to OpenFlow flow table 0 in 'p' that matches 'cls_rule' and
@@ -1872,19 +1809,17 @@ ofproto_add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, const struct match *match,
 
     /* First do a cheap check whether the rule we're looking for already exists
      * with the actions that we want.  If it does, then we're done. */
-    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&ofproto->tables[0].cls.rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_rdlock(&ofproto->tables[0].cls.rwlock);
     rule = rule_from_cls_rule(classifier_find_match_exactly(
                                   &ofproto->tables[0].cls, match, priority));
     if (rule) {
-        ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
-        must_add = !ofpacts_equal(rule->actions->ofpacts,
-                                  rule->actions->ofpacts_len,
+        const struct rule_actions *actions = rule_get_actions(rule);
+        must_add = !ofpacts_equal(actions->ofpacts, actions->ofpacts_len,
                                   ofpacts, ofpacts_len);
-        ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
     } else {
         must_add = true;
     }
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->tables[0].cls.rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->tables[0].cls.rwlock);
 
     /* If there's no such rule or the rule doesn't have the actions we want,
      * fall back to a executing a full flow mod.  We can't optimize this at
@@ -1906,14 +1841,55 @@ int
 ofproto_flow_mod(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm)
     OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    return handle_flow_mod__(ofproto, NULL, fm, NULL);
+    /* Optimize for the most common case of a repeated learn action.
+     * If an identical flow already exists we only need to update its
+     * 'modified' time. */
+    if (fm->command == OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT && fm->table_id != OFPTT_ALL
+        && !(fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_RESET_COUNTS)) {
+        struct oftable *table = &ofproto->tables[fm->table_id];
+        struct rule *rule;
+        bool done = false;
+
+        fat_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+        rule = rule_from_cls_rule(classifier_find_match_exactly(&table->cls,
+                                                                &fm->match,
+                                                                fm->priority));
+        if (rule) {
+            /* Reading many of the rule fields and writing on 'modified'
+             * requires the rule->mutex.  Also, rule->actions may change
+             * if rule->mutex is not held. */
+            const struct rule_actions *actions;
+
+            ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+            actions = rule_get_actions(rule);
+            if (rule->idle_timeout == fm->idle_timeout
+                && rule->hard_timeout == fm->hard_timeout
+                && rule->flags == (fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_STATE)
+                && (!fm->modify_cookie || (fm->new_cookie == rule->flow_cookie))
+                && ofpacts_equal(fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len,
+                                 actions->ofpacts, actions->ofpacts_len)) {
+                /* Rule already exists and need not change, only update the
+                   modified timestamp. */
+                rule->modified = time_msec();
+                done = true;
+            }
+            ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+        }
+        fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+
+        if (done) {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return handle_flow_mod__(ofproto, fm, NULL);
 }
 
 /* Searches for a rule with matching criteria exactly equal to 'target' in
  * ofproto's table 0 and, if it finds one, deletes it.
  *
  * This is a helper function for in-band control and fail-open. */
-bool
+void
 ofproto_delete_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto,
                     const struct match *target, unsigned int priority)
     OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
@@ -1923,29 +1899,28 @@ ofproto_delete_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto,
 
     /* First do a cheap check whether the rule we're looking for has already
      * been deleted.  If so, then we're done. */
-    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&cls->rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_rdlock(&cls->rwlock);
     rule = rule_from_cls_rule(classifier_find_match_exactly(cls, target,
                                                             priority));
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&cls->rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_unlock(&cls->rwlock);
     if (!rule) {
-        return true;
+        return;
     }
 
-    /* Fall back to a executing a full flow mod.  We can't optimize this at all
-     * because we didn't take enough locks above to ensure that the flow table
-     * didn't already change beneath us.  */
-    return simple_flow_mod(ofproto, target, priority, NULL, 0,
-                           OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT) != OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
+    /* Execute a flow mod.  We can't optimize this at all because we didn't
+     * take enough locks above to ensure that the flow table didn't already
+     * change beneath us. */
+    simple_flow_mod(ofproto, target, priority, NULL, 0, OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT);
 }
 
-/* Starts the process of deleting all of the flows from all of ofproto's flow
- * tables and then reintroducing the flows required by in-band control and
- * fail-open.  The process will complete in a later call to ofproto_run(). */
+/* Delete all of the flows from all of ofproto's flow tables, then reintroduce
+ * the flows required by in-band control and fail-open.  */
 void
 ofproto_flush_flows(struct ofproto *ofproto)
 {
     COVERAGE_INC(ofproto_flush);
-    ofproto->state = S_FLUSH;
+    ofproto_flush__(ofproto);
+    connmgr_flushed(ofproto->connmgr);
 }
 \f
 static void
@@ -1988,9 +1963,13 @@ alloc_ofp_port(struct ofproto *ofproto, const char *netdev_name)
 
         /* Search for a free OpenFlow port number.  We try not to
          * immediately reuse them to prevent problems due to old
-         * flows. */
+         * flows.
+         *
+         * We limit the automatically assigned port numbers to the lower half
+         * of the port range, to reserve the upper half for assignment by
+         * controllers. */
         for (;;) {
-            if (++ofproto->alloc_port_no >= ofproto->max_ports) {
+            if (++ofproto->alloc_port_no >= MIN(ofproto->max_ports, 32768)) {
                 ofproto->alloc_port_no = 1;
             }
             last_used_at = ofport_get_usage(ofproto,
@@ -2033,7 +2012,7 @@ dealloc_ofp_port(struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port)
 
 /* Opens and returns a netdev for 'ofproto_port' in 'ofproto', or a null
  * pointer if the netdev cannot be opened.  On success, also fills in
- * 'opp'.  */
+ * '*pp'.  */
 static struct netdev *
 ofport_open(struct ofproto *ofproto,
             struct ofproto_port *ofproto_port,
@@ -2076,7 +2055,7 @@ ofport_open(struct ofproto *ofproto,
 }
 
 /* Returns true if most fields of 'a' and 'b' are equal.  Differences in name,
- * port number, and 'config' bits other than OFPUTIL_PS_LINK_DOWN are
+ * port number, and 'config' bits other than OFPUTIL_PC_PORT_DOWN are
  * disregarded. */
 static bool
 ofport_equal(const struct ofputil_phy_port *a,
@@ -2112,7 +2091,7 @@ ofport_install(struct ofproto *p,
     }
     ofport->ofproto = p;
     ofport->netdev = netdev;
-    ofport->change_seq = netdev_change_seq(netdev);
+    ofport->change_seq = netdev_get_change_seq(netdev);
     ofport->pp = *pp;
     ofport->ofp_port = pp->port_no;
     ofport->created = time_msec();
@@ -2129,7 +2108,7 @@ ofport_install(struct ofproto *p,
     if (error) {
         goto error;
     }
-    connmgr_send_port_status(p->connmgr, pp, OFPPR_ADD);
+    connmgr_send_port_status(p->connmgr, NULL, pp, OFPPR_ADD);
     return;
 
 error:
@@ -2146,7 +2125,7 @@ error:
 static void
 ofport_remove(struct ofport *ofport)
 {
-    connmgr_send_port_status(ofport->ofproto->connmgr, &ofport->pp,
+    connmgr_send_port_status(ofport->ofproto->connmgr, NULL, &ofport->pp,
                              OFPPR_DELETE);
     ofport_destroy(ofport);
 }
@@ -2172,7 +2151,8 @@ ofport_modified(struct ofport *port, struct ofputil_phy_port *pp)
     memcpy(port->pp.hw_addr, pp->hw_addr, ETH_ADDR_LEN);
     port->pp.config = ((port->pp.config & ~OFPUTIL_PC_PORT_DOWN)
                         | (pp->config & OFPUTIL_PC_PORT_DOWN));
-    port->pp.state = pp->state;
+    port->pp.state = ((port->pp.state & ~OFPUTIL_PS_LINK_DOWN)
+                      | (pp->state & OFPUTIL_PS_LINK_DOWN));
     port->pp.curr = pp->curr;
     port->pp.advertised = pp->advertised;
     port->pp.supported = pp->supported;
@@ -2180,7 +2160,8 @@ ofport_modified(struct ofport *port, struct ofputil_phy_port *pp)
     port->pp.curr_speed = pp->curr_speed;
     port->pp.max_speed = pp->max_speed;
 
-    connmgr_send_port_status(port->ofproto->connmgr, &port->pp, OFPPR_MODIFY);
+    connmgr_send_port_status(port->ofproto->connmgr, NULL,
+                             &port->pp, OFPPR_MODIFY);
 }
 
 /* Update OpenFlow 'state' in 'port' and notify controller. */
@@ -2189,8 +2170,8 @@ ofproto_port_set_state(struct ofport *port, enum ofputil_port_state state)
 {
     if (port->pp.state != state) {
         port->pp.state = state;
-        connmgr_send_port_status(port->ofproto->connmgr, &port->pp,
-                                 OFPPR_MODIFY);
+        connmgr_send_port_status(port->ofproto->connmgr, NULL,
+                                 &port->pp, OFPPR_MODIFY);
     }
 }
 
@@ -2347,7 +2328,7 @@ update_port(struct ofproto *ofproto, const char *name)
              * Don't close the old netdev yet in case port_modified has to
              * remove a retained reference to it.*/
             port->netdev = netdev;
-            port->change_seq = netdev_change_seq(netdev);
+            port->change_seq = netdev_get_change_seq(netdev);
 
             if (port->ofproto->ofproto_class->port_modified) {
                 port->ofproto->ofproto_class->port_modified(port);
@@ -2492,113 +2473,90 @@ update_mtu(struct ofproto *p, struct ofport *port)
     }
 }
 \f
-void
-ofproto_rule_ref(struct rule *rule)
+static void
+ofproto_rule_destroy__(struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS
 {
-    if (rule) {
-        unsigned int orig;
+    cls_rule_destroy(CONST_CAST(struct cls_rule *, &rule->cr));
+    rule_actions_destroy(rule_get_actions(rule));
+    ovs_mutex_destroy(&rule->mutex);
+    rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_dealloc(rule);
+}
 
-        atomic_add(&rule->ref_count, 1, &orig);
-        ovs_assert(orig != 0);
-    }
+static void
+rule_destroy_cb(struct rule *rule)
+{
+    rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_destruct(rule);
+    ofproto_rule_destroy__(rule);
 }
 
 void
-ofproto_rule_unref(struct rule *rule)
+ofproto_rule_ref(struct rule *rule)
 {
     if (rule) {
-        unsigned int orig;
-
-        atomic_sub(&rule->ref_count, 1, &orig);
-        if (orig == 1) {
-            rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_destruct(rule);
-            ofproto_rule_destroy__(rule);
-        } else {
-            ovs_assert(orig != 0);
-        }
+        ovs_refcount_ref(&rule->ref_count);
     }
 }
 
-struct rule_actions *
-rule_get_actions(const struct rule *rule)
-    OVS_EXCLUDED(rule->mutex)
+/* Decrements 'rule''s ref_count and schedules 'rule' to be destroyed if the
+ * ref_count reaches 0.
+ *
+ * Use of RCU allows short term use (between RCU quiescent periods) without
+ * keeping a reference.  A reference must be taken if the rule needs to
+ * stay around accross the RCU quiescent periods. */
+void
+ofproto_rule_unref(struct rule *rule)
 {
-    struct rule_actions *actions;
-
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
-    actions = rule_get_actions__(rule);
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
-
-    return actions;
+    if (rule && ovs_refcount_unref(&rule->ref_count) == 1) {
+        ovsrcu_postpone(rule_destroy_cb, rule);
+    }
 }
 
-struct rule_actions *
-rule_get_actions__(const struct rule *rule)
-    OVS_REQUIRES(rule->mutex)
+void
+ofproto_group_ref(struct ofgroup *group)
 {
-    rule_actions_ref(rule->actions);
-    return rule->actions;
+    if (group) {
+        ovs_refcount_ref(&group->ref_count);
+    }
 }
 
-static void
-ofproto_rule_destroy__(struct rule *rule)
-    OVS_NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS
+void
+ofproto_group_unref(struct ofgroup *group)
 {
-    cls_rule_destroy(CONST_CAST(struct cls_rule *, &rule->cr));
-    rule_actions_unref(rule->actions);
-    ovs_mutex_destroy(&rule->mutex);
-    rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_dealloc(rule);
+    if (group && ovs_refcount_unref(&group->ref_count) == 1) {
+        group->ofproto->ofproto_class->group_destruct(group);
+        ofputil_bucket_list_destroy(&group->buckets);
+        group->ofproto->ofproto_class->group_dealloc(group);
+    }
 }
 
 static uint32_t get_provider_meter_id(const struct ofproto *,
                                       uint32_t of_meter_id);
 
-/* Creates and returns a new 'struct rule_actions', with a ref_count of 1,
- * whose actions are a copy of from the 'ofpacts_len' bytes of 'ofpacts'. */
-struct rule_actions *
-rule_actions_create(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
-                    const struct ofpact *ofpacts, size_t ofpacts_len)
+/* Creates and returns a new 'struct rule_actions', whose actions are a copy
+ * of from the 'ofpacts_len' bytes of 'ofpacts'. */
+const struct rule_actions *
+rule_actions_create(const struct ofpact *ofpacts, size_t ofpacts_len)
 {
     struct rule_actions *actions;
 
-    actions = xmalloc(sizeof *actions);
-    atomic_init(&actions->ref_count, 1);
-    actions->ofpacts = xmemdup(ofpacts, ofpacts_len);
+    actions = xmalloc(sizeof *actions + ofpacts_len);
     actions->ofpacts_len = ofpacts_len;
-    actions->provider_meter_id
-        = get_provider_meter_id(ofproto,
-                                ofpacts_get_meter(ofpacts, ofpacts_len));
+    actions->has_meter = ofpacts_get_meter(ofpacts, ofpacts_len) != 0;
+    memcpy(actions->ofpacts, ofpacts, ofpacts_len);
 
-    return actions;
-}
-
-/* Increments 'actions''s ref_count. */
-void
-rule_actions_ref(struct rule_actions *actions)
-{
-    if (actions) {
-        unsigned int orig;
+    actions->has_learn_with_delete = (next_learn_with_delete(actions, NULL)
+                                      != NULL);
 
-        atomic_add(&actions->ref_count, 1, &orig);
-        ovs_assert(orig != 0);
-    }
+    return actions;
 }
 
-/* Decrements 'actions''s ref_count and frees 'actions' if the ref_count
- * reaches 0. */
+/* Free the actions after the RCU quiescent period is reached. */
 void
-rule_actions_unref(struct rule_actions *actions)
+rule_actions_destroy(const struct rule_actions *actions)
 {
     if (actions) {
-        unsigned int orig;
-
-        atomic_sub(&actions->ref_count, 1, &orig);
-        if (orig == 1) {
-            free(actions->ofpacts);
-            free(actions);
-        } else {
-            ovs_assert(orig != 0);
-        }
+        ovsrcu_postpone(free, CONST_CAST(struct rule_actions *, actions));
     }
 }
 
@@ -2608,9 +2566,13 @@ static bool
 ofproto_rule_has_out_port(const struct rule *rule, ofp_port_t port)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    return (port == OFPP_ANY
-            || ofpacts_output_to_port(rule->actions->ofpacts,
-                                      rule->actions->ofpacts_len, port));
+    if (port == OFPP_ANY) {
+        return true;
+    } else {
+        const struct rule_actions *actions = rule_get_actions(rule);
+        return ofpacts_output_to_port(actions->ofpacts,
+                                      actions->ofpacts_len, port);
+    }
 }
 
 /* Returns true if 'rule' has group and equals group_id. */
@@ -2618,33 +2580,13 @@ static bool
 ofproto_rule_has_out_group(const struct rule *rule, uint32_t group_id)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    return (group_id == OFPG11_ANY
-            || ofpacts_output_to_group(rule->actions->ofpacts,
-                                       rule->actions->ofpacts_len, group_id));
-}
-
-/* Returns true if a rule related to 'op' has an OpenFlow OFPAT_OUTPUT or
- * OFPAT_ENQUEUE action that outputs to 'out_port'. */
-bool
-ofoperation_has_out_port(const struct ofoperation *op, ofp_port_t out_port)
-    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
-{
-    if (ofproto_rule_has_out_port(op->rule, out_port)) {
+    if (group_id == OFPG_ANY) {
         return true;
+    } else {
+        const struct rule_actions *actions = rule_get_actions(rule);
+        return ofpacts_output_to_group(actions->ofpacts,
+                                       actions->ofpacts_len, group_id);
     }
-
-    switch (op->type) {
-    case OFOPERATION_ADD:
-    case OFOPERATION_DELETE:
-        return false;
-
-    case OFOPERATION_MODIFY:
-    case OFOPERATION_REPLACE:
-        return ofpacts_output_to_port(op->actions->ofpacts,
-                                      op->actions->ofpacts_len, out_port);
-    }
-
-    NOT_REACHED();
 }
 
 static void
@@ -2666,11 +2608,10 @@ run_rule_executes(struct ofproto *ofproto)
 
     guarded_list_pop_all(&ofproto->rule_executes, &executes);
     LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (e, next, list_node, &executes) {
-        union flow_in_port in_port_;
         struct flow flow;
 
-        in_port_.ofp_port = e->in_port;
-        flow_extract(e->packet, 0, 0, NULL, &in_port_, &flow);
+        flow_extract(e->packet, NULL, &flow);
+        flow.in_port.ofp_port = e->in_port;
         ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_execute(e->rule, &flow, e->packet);
 
         rule_execute_destroy(e);
@@ -2692,27 +2633,127 @@ destroy_rule_executes(struct ofproto *ofproto)
     }
 }
 
-/* Returns true if 'rule' should be hidden from the controller.
- *
- * Rules with priority higher than UINT16_MAX are set up by ofproto itself
- * (e.g. by in-band control) and are intentionally hidden from the
- * controller. */
 static bool
-ofproto_rule_is_hidden(const struct rule *rule)
+rule_is_readonly(const struct rule *rule)
+{
+    const struct oftable *table = &rule->ofproto->tables[rule->table_id];
+    return (table->flags & OFTABLE_READONLY) != 0;
+}
+\f
+static uint32_t
+hash_learned_cookie(ovs_be64 cookie_, uint8_t table_id)
+{
+    uint64_t cookie = (OVS_FORCE uint64_t) cookie_;
+    return hash_3words(cookie, cookie >> 32, table_id);
+}
+
+static void
+learned_cookies_update_one__(struct ofproto *ofproto,
+                             const struct ofpact_learn *learn,
+                             int delta, struct list *dead_cookies)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    return rule->cr.priority > UINT16_MAX;
+    uint32_t hash = hash_learned_cookie(learn->cookie, learn->table_id);
+    struct learned_cookie *c;
+
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH_WITH_HASH (c, u.hmap_node, hash, &ofproto->learned_cookies) {
+        if (c->cookie == learn->cookie && c->table_id == learn->table_id) {
+            c->n += delta;
+            ovs_assert(c->n >= 0);
+
+            if (!c->n) {
+                hmap_remove(&ofproto->learned_cookies, &c->u.hmap_node);
+                list_push_back(dead_cookies, &c->u.list_node);
+            }
+
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    ovs_assert(delta > 0);
+    c = xmalloc(sizeof *c);
+    hmap_insert(&ofproto->learned_cookies, &c->u.hmap_node, hash);
+    c->cookie = learn->cookie;
+    c->table_id = learn->table_id;
+    c->n = delta;
 }
 
-static enum oftable_flags
-rule_get_flags(const struct rule *rule)
+static const struct ofpact_learn *
+next_learn_with_delete(const struct rule_actions *actions,
+                       const struct ofpact_learn *start)
 {
-    return rule->ofproto->tables[rule->table_id].flags;
+    const struct ofpact *pos;
+
+    for (pos = start ? ofpact_next(&start->ofpact) : actions->ofpacts;
+         pos < ofpact_end(actions->ofpacts, actions->ofpacts_len);
+         pos = ofpact_next(pos)) {
+        if (pos->type == OFPACT_LEARN) {
+            const struct ofpact_learn *learn = ofpact_get_LEARN(pos);
+            if (learn->flags & NX_LEARN_F_DELETE_LEARNED) {
+                return learn;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return NULL;
 }
 
-static bool
-rule_is_modifiable(const struct rule *rule)
+static void
+learned_cookies_update__(struct ofproto *ofproto,
+                         const struct rule_actions *actions,
+                         int delta, struct list *dead_cookies)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    return !(rule_get_flags(rule) & OFTABLE_READONLY);
+    if (actions->has_learn_with_delete) {
+        const struct ofpact_learn *learn;
+
+        for (learn = next_learn_with_delete(actions, NULL); learn;
+             learn = next_learn_with_delete(actions, learn)) {
+            learned_cookies_update_one__(ofproto, learn, delta, dead_cookies);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static void
+learned_cookies_inc(struct ofproto *ofproto,
+                    const struct rule_actions *actions)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    learned_cookies_update__(ofproto, actions, +1, NULL);
+}
+
+static void
+learned_cookies_dec(struct ofproto *ofproto,
+                    const struct rule_actions *actions,
+                    struct list *dead_cookies)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    learned_cookies_update__(ofproto, actions, -1, dead_cookies);
+}
+
+static void
+learned_cookies_flush(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct list *dead_cookies)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    struct learned_cookie *c, *next;
+
+    LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (c, next, u.list_node, dead_cookies) {
+        struct rule_criteria criteria;
+        struct rule_collection rules;
+        struct match match;
+
+        match_init_catchall(&match);
+        rule_criteria_init(&criteria, c->table_id, &match, 0,
+                           c->cookie, OVS_BE64_MAX, OFPP_ANY, OFPG_ANY);
+        rule_criteria_require_rw(&criteria, false);
+        collect_rules_loose(ofproto, &criteria, &rules);
+        delete_flows__(&rules, OFPRR_DELETE, NULL);
+        rule_criteria_destroy(&criteria);
+        rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
+
+        list_remove(&c->u.list_node);
+        free(c);
+    }
 }
 \f
 static enum ofperr
@@ -2730,26 +2771,14 @@ handle_features_request(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
     struct ofport *port;
     bool arp_match_ip;
     struct ofpbuf *b;
-    int n_tables;
-    int i;
 
     ofproto->ofproto_class->get_features(ofproto, &arp_match_ip,
                                          &features.actions);
     ovs_assert(features.actions & OFPUTIL_A_OUTPUT); /* sanity check */
 
-    /* Count only non-hidden tables in the number of tables.  (Hidden tables,
-     * if present, are always at the end.) */
-    n_tables = ofproto->n_tables;
-    for (i = 0; i < ofproto->n_tables; i++) {
-        if (ofproto->tables[i].flags & OFTABLE_HIDDEN) {
-            n_tables = i;
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
     features.datapath_id = ofproto->datapath_id;
     features.n_buffers = pktbuf_capacity();
-    features.n_tables = n_tables;
+    features.n_tables = ofproto_get_n_visible_tables(ofproto);
     features.capabilities = (OFPUTIL_C_FLOW_STATS | OFPUTIL_C_TABLE_STATS |
                              OFPUTIL_C_PORT_STATS | OFPUTIL_C_QUEUE_STATS);
     if (arp_match_ip) {
@@ -2879,7 +2908,6 @@ handle_packet_out(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
     uint64_t ofpacts_stub[1024 / 8];
     struct ofpbuf ofpacts;
     struct flow flow;
-    union flow_in_port in_port_;
     enum ofperr error;
 
     COVERAGE_INC(ofproto_packet_out);
@@ -2901,7 +2929,6 @@ handle_packet_out(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
         goto exit_free_ofpacts;
     }
 
-
     /* Get payload. */
     if (po.buffer_id != UINT32_MAX) {
         error = ofconn_pktbuf_retrieve(ofconn, po.buffer_id, &payload, NULL);
@@ -2914,8 +2941,8 @@ handle_packet_out(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
     }
 
     /* Verify actions against packet, then send packet if successful. */
-    in_port_.ofp_port = po.in_port;
-    flow_extract(payload, 0, 0, NULL, &in_port_, &flow);
+    flow_extract(payload, NULL, &flow);
+    flow.in_port.ofp_port = po.in_port;
     error = ofproto_check_ofpacts(p, po.ofpacts, po.ofpacts_len);
     if (!error) {
         error = p->ofproto_class->packet_out(p, payload, &flow,
@@ -2930,26 +2957,27 @@ exit:
 }
 
 static void
-update_port_config(struct ofport *port,
+update_port_config(struct ofconn *ofconn, struct ofport *port,
                    enum ofputil_port_config config,
                    enum ofputil_port_config mask)
 {
-    enum ofputil_port_config old_config = port->pp.config;
-    enum ofputil_port_config toggle;
+    enum ofputil_port_config toggle = (config ^ port->pp.config) & mask;
 
-    toggle = (config ^ port->pp.config) & mask;
-    if (toggle & OFPUTIL_PC_PORT_DOWN) {
-        if (config & OFPUTIL_PC_PORT_DOWN) {
-            netdev_turn_flags_off(port->netdev, NETDEV_UP, NULL);
-        } else {
-            netdev_turn_flags_on(port->netdev, NETDEV_UP, NULL);
-        }
+    if (toggle & OFPUTIL_PC_PORT_DOWN
+        && (config & OFPUTIL_PC_PORT_DOWN
+            ? netdev_turn_flags_off(port->netdev, NETDEV_UP, NULL)
+            : netdev_turn_flags_on(port->netdev, NETDEV_UP, NULL))) {
+        /* We tried to bring the port up or down, but it failed, so don't
+         * update the "down" bit. */
         toggle &= ~OFPUTIL_PC_PORT_DOWN;
     }
 
-    port->pp.config ^= toggle;
-    if (port->pp.config != old_config) {
+    if (toggle) {
+        enum ofputil_port_config old_config = port->pp.config;
+        port->pp.config ^= toggle;
         port->ofproto->ofproto_class->port_reconfigured(port, old_config);
+        connmgr_send_port_status(port->ofproto->connmgr, ofconn, &port->pp,
+                                 OFPPR_MODIFY);
     }
 }
 
@@ -2966,7 +2994,7 @@ handle_port_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
         return error;
     }
 
-    error = ofputil_decode_port_mod(oh, &pm);
+    error = ofputil_decode_port_mod(oh, &pm, false);
     if (error) {
         return error;
     }
@@ -2977,7 +3005,7 @@ handle_port_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
     } else if (!eth_addr_equals(port->pp.hw_addr, pm.hw_addr)) {
         return OFPERR_OFPPMFC_BAD_HW_ADDR;
     } else {
-        update_port_config(port, pm.config, pm.mask);
+        update_port_config(ofconn, port, pm.config, pm.mask);
         if (pm.advertise) {
             netdev_set_advertisements(port->netdev, pm.advertise);
         }
@@ -3036,7 +3064,7 @@ handle_table_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
     ots = xcalloc(p->n_tables, sizeof *ots);
     for (i = 0; i < p->n_tables; i++) {
         ots[i].table_id = i;
-        sprintf(ots[i].name, "table%zu", i);
+        sprintf(ots[i].name, "table%"PRIuSIZE, i);
         ots[i].match = htonll(OFPXMT13_MASK);
         ots[i].wildcards = htonll(OFPXMT13_MASK);
         ots[i].write_actions = htonl(OFPAT11_OUTPUT);
@@ -3048,9 +3076,9 @@ handle_table_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
         ots[i].instructions = htonl(OFPIT11_ALL);
         ots[i].config = htonl(OFPTC11_TABLE_MISS_MASK);
         ots[i].max_entries = htonl(1000000); /* An arbitrary big number. */
-        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&p->tables[i].cls.rwlock);
+        fat_rwlock_rdlock(&p->tables[i].cls.rwlock);
         ots[i].active_count = htonl(classifier_count(&p->tables[i].cls));
-        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&p->tables[i].cls.rwlock);
+        fat_rwlock_unlock(&p->tables[i].cls.rwlock);
     }
 
     p->ofproto_class->get_tables(p, ots);
@@ -3098,62 +3126,68 @@ append_port_stat(struct ofport *port, struct list *replies)
     ofputil_append_port_stat(replies, &ops);
 }
 
-static enum ofperr
-handle_port_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
-                          const struct ofp_header *request)
+static void
+handle_port_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
+                    const struct ofp_header *request, ofp_port_t port_no,
+                    void (*cb)(struct ofport *, struct list *replies))
 {
-    struct ofproto *p = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
+    struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
     struct ofport *port;
     struct list replies;
-    ofp_port_t port_no;
-    enum ofperr error;
-
-    error = ofputil_decode_port_stats_request(request, &port_no);
-    if (error) {
-        return error;
-    }
 
     ofpmp_init(&replies, request);
     if (port_no != OFPP_ANY) {
-        port = ofproto_get_port(p, port_no);
+        port = ofproto_get_port(ofproto, port_no);
         if (port) {
-            append_port_stat(port, &replies);
+            cb(port, &replies);
         }
     } else {
-        HMAP_FOR_EACH (port, hmap_node, &p->ports) {
-            append_port_stat(port, &replies);
+        HMAP_FOR_EACH (port, hmap_node, &ofproto->ports) {
+            cb(port, &replies);
         }
     }
 
     ofconn_send_replies(ofconn, &replies);
-    return 0;
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+handle_port_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
+                          const struct ofp_header *request)
+{
+    ofp_port_t port_no;
+    enum ofperr error;
+
+    error = ofputil_decode_port_stats_request(request, &port_no);
+    if (!error) {
+        handle_port_request(ofconn, request, port_no, append_port_stat);
+    }
+    return error;
+}
+
+static void
+append_port_desc(struct ofport *port, struct list *replies)
+{
+    ofputil_append_port_desc_stats_reply(&port->pp, replies);
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
 handle_port_desc_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
                                const struct ofp_header *request)
 {
-    struct ofproto *p = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
-    enum ofp_version version;
-    struct ofport *port;
-    struct list replies;
-
-    ofpmp_init(&replies, request);
+    ofp_port_t port_no;
+    enum ofperr error;
 
-    version = ofputil_protocol_to_ofp_version(ofconn_get_protocol(ofconn));
-    HMAP_FOR_EACH (port, hmap_node, &p->ports) {
-        ofputil_append_port_desc_stats_reply(version, &port->pp, &replies);
+    error = ofputil_decode_port_desc_stats_request(request, &port_no);
+    if (!error) {
+        handle_port_request(ofconn, request, port_no, append_port_desc);
     }
-
-    ofconn_send_replies(ofconn, &replies);
-    return 0;
+    return error;
 }
 
 static uint32_t
 hash_cookie(ovs_be64 cookie)
 {
-    return hash_2words((OVS_FORCE uint64_t)cookie >> 32,
-                       (OVS_FORCE uint64_t)cookie);
+    return hash_uint64((OVS_FORCE uint64_t)cookie);
 }
 
 static void
@@ -3171,22 +3205,6 @@ cookies_remove(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule)
     hindex_remove(&ofproto->cookies, &rule->cookie_node);
 }
 
-static void
-ofproto_rule_change_cookie(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule,
-                           ovs_be64 new_cookie)
-    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
-{
-    if (new_cookie != rule->flow_cookie) {
-        cookies_remove(ofproto, rule);
-
-        ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
-        rule->flow_cookie = new_cookie;
-        ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
-
-        cookies_insert(ofproto, rule);
-    }
-}
-
 static void
 calc_duration(long long int start, long long int now,
               uint32_t *sec, uint32_t *nsec)
@@ -3197,14 +3215,11 @@ calc_duration(long long int start, long long int now,
 }
 
 /* Checks whether 'table_id' is 0xff or a valid table ID in 'ofproto'.  Returns
- * 0 if 'table_id' is OK, otherwise an OpenFlow error code.  */
-static enum ofperr
+ * true if 'table_id' is OK, false otherwise.  */
+static bool
 check_table_id(const struct ofproto *ofproto, uint8_t table_id)
 {
-    return (table_id == 0xff || table_id < ofproto->n_tables
-            ? 0
-            : OFPERR_OFPBRC_BAD_TABLE_ID);
-
+    return table_id == OFPTT_ALL || table_id < ofproto->n_tables;
 }
 
 static struct oftable *
@@ -3267,6 +3282,10 @@ next_matching_table(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
 /* Initializes 'criteria' in a straightforward way based on the other
  * parameters.
  *
+ * By default, the criteria include flows that are read-only, on the assumption
+ * that the collected flows won't be modified.  Call rule_criteria_require_rw()
+ * if flows will be modified.
+ *
  * For "loose" matching, the 'priority' parameter is unimportant and may be
  * supplied as 0. */
 static void
@@ -3281,6 +3300,32 @@ rule_criteria_init(struct rule_criteria *criteria, uint8_t table_id,
     criteria->cookie_mask = cookie_mask;
     criteria->out_port = out_port;
     criteria->out_group = out_group;
+
+    /* We ordinarily want to skip hidden rules, but there has to be a way for
+     * code internal to OVS to modify and delete them, so if the criteria
+     * specify a priority that can only be for a hidden flow, then allow hidden
+     * rules to be selected.  (This doesn't allow OpenFlow clients to meddle
+     * with hidden flows because OpenFlow uses only a 16-bit field to specify
+     * priority.) */
+    criteria->include_hidden = priority > UINT16_MAX;
+
+    /* We assume that the criteria are being used to collect flows for reading
+     * but not modification.  Thus, we should collect read-only flows. */
+    criteria->include_readonly = true;
+}
+
+/* By default, criteria initialized by rule_criteria_init() will match flows
+ * that are read-only, on the assumption that the collected flows won't be
+ * modified.  Call this function to match only flows that are be modifiable.
+ *
+ * Specify 'can_write_readonly' as false in ordinary circumstances, true if the
+ * caller has special privileges that allow it to modify even "read-only"
+ * flows. */
+static void
+rule_criteria_require_rw(struct rule_criteria *criteria,
+                         bool can_write_readonly)
+{
+    criteria->include_readonly = can_write_readonly;
 }
 
 static void
@@ -3347,29 +3392,30 @@ rule_collection_destroy(struct rule_collection *rules)
     }
 }
 
-static enum ofperr
+/* Checks whether 'rule' matches 'c' and, if so, adds it to 'rules'.  This
+ * function verifies most of the criteria in 'c' itself, but the caller must
+ * check 'c->cr' itself.
+ *
+ * Increments '*n_readonly' if 'rule' wasn't added because it's read-only (and
+ * 'c' only includes modifiable rules). */
+static void
 collect_rule(struct rule *rule, const struct rule_criteria *c,
-             struct rule_collection *rules)
+             struct rule_collection *rules, size_t *n_readonly)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    /* We ordinarily want to skip hidden rules, but there has to be a way for
-     * code internal to OVS to modify and delete them, so if the criteria
-     * specify a priority that can only be for a hidden flow, then allow hidden
-     * rules to be selected.  (This doesn't allow OpenFlow clients to meddle
-     * with hidden flows because OpenFlow uses only a 16-bit field to specify
-     * priority.) */
-    if (ofproto_rule_is_hidden(rule) && c->cr.priority <= UINT16_MAX) {
-        return 0;
-    } else if (rule->pending) {
-        return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-    } else {
-        if ((c->table_id == rule->table_id || c->table_id == 0xff)
-            && ofproto_rule_has_out_port(rule, c->out_port)
-            && ofproto_rule_has_out_group(rule, c->out_group)
-            && !((rule->flow_cookie ^ c->cookie) & c->cookie_mask)) {
+    if ((c->table_id == rule->table_id || c->table_id == 0xff)
+        && ofproto_rule_has_out_port(rule, c->out_port)
+        && ofproto_rule_has_out_group(rule, c->out_group)
+        && !((rule->flow_cookie ^ c->cookie) & c->cookie_mask)
+        && (!rule_is_hidden(rule) || c->include_hidden)) {
+        /* Rule matches all the criteria... */
+        if (!rule_is_readonly(rule) || c->include_readonly) {
+            /* ...add it. */
             rule_collection_add(rules, rule);
+        } else {
+            /* ...except it's read-only. */
+            ++*n_readonly;
         }
-        return 0;
     }
 }
 
@@ -3378,8 +3424,6 @@ collect_rule(struct rule *rule, const struct rule_criteria *c,
  * OFPFC_MODIFY and OFPFC_DELETE requests.  Puts the selected rules on list
  * 'rules'.
  *
- * Hidden rules are always omitted.
- *
  * Returns 0 on success, otherwise an OpenFlow error code. */
 static enum ofperr
 collect_rules_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto,
@@ -3388,12 +3432,13 @@ collect_rules_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto,
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct oftable *table;
-    enum ofperr error;
+    enum ofperr error = 0;
+    size_t n_readonly = 0;
 
     rule_collection_init(rules);
 
-    error = check_table_id(ofproto, criteria->table_id);
-    if (error) {
+    if (!check_table_id(ofproto, criteria->table_id)) {
+        error = OFPERR_OFPBRC_BAD_TABLE_ID;
         goto exit;
     }
 
@@ -3404,10 +3449,7 @@ collect_rules_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto,
                                    hash_cookie(criteria->cookie),
                                    &ofproto->cookies) {
             if (cls_rule_is_loose_match(&rule->cr, &criteria->cr.match)) {
-                error = collect_rule(rule, criteria, rules);
-                if (error) {
-                    break;
-                }
+                collect_rule(rule, criteria, rules, &n_readonly);
             }
         }
     } else {
@@ -3415,19 +3457,21 @@ collect_rules_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto,
             struct cls_cursor cursor;
             struct rule *rule;
 
-            ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+            fat_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
             cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, &criteria->cr);
             CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (rule, cr, &cursor) {
-                error = collect_rule(rule, criteria, rules);
-                if (error) {
-                    break;
-                }
+                collect_rule(rule, criteria, rules, &n_readonly);
             }
-            ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+            fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         }
     }
 
 exit:
+    if (!error && !rules->n && n_readonly) {
+        /* We didn't find any rules to modify.  We did find some read-only
+         * rules that we're not allowed to modify, so report that. */
+        error = OFPERR_OFPBRC_EPERM;
+    }
     if (error) {
         rule_collection_destroy(rules);
     }
@@ -3439,8 +3483,6 @@ exit:
  * OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT and OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT requests.  Puts the selected
  * rules on list 'rules'.
  *
- * Hidden rules are always omitted.
- *
  * Returns 0 on success, otherwise an OpenFlow error code. */
 static enum ofperr
 collect_rules_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto,
@@ -3449,12 +3491,13 @@ collect_rules_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto,
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct oftable *table;
-    int error;
+    size_t n_readonly = 0;
+    int error = 0;
 
     rule_collection_init(rules);
 
-    error = check_table_id(ofproto, criteria->table_id);
-    if (error) {
+    if (!check_table_id(ofproto, criteria->table_id)) {
+        error = OFPERR_OFPBRC_BAD_TABLE_ID;
         goto exit;
     }
 
@@ -3465,30 +3508,29 @@ collect_rules_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto,
                                    hash_cookie(criteria->cookie),
                                    &ofproto->cookies) {
             if (cls_rule_equal(&rule->cr, &criteria->cr)) {
-                error = collect_rule(rule, criteria, rules);
-                if (error) {
-                    break;
-                }
+                collect_rule(rule, criteria, rules, &n_readonly);
             }
         }
     } else {
         FOR_EACH_MATCHING_TABLE (table, criteria->table_id, ofproto) {
             struct rule *rule;
 
-            ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+            fat_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
             rule = rule_from_cls_rule(classifier_find_rule_exactly(
                                           &table->cls, &criteria->cr));
-            ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+            fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
             if (rule) {
-                error = collect_rule(rule, criteria, rules);
-                if (error) {
-                    break;
-                }
+                collect_rule(rule, criteria, rules, &n_readonly);
             }
         }
     }
 
 exit:
+    if (!error && !rules->n && n_readonly) {
+        /* We didn't find any rules to modify.  We did find some read-only
+         * rules that we're not allowed to modify, so report that. */
+        error = OFPERR_OFPBRC_EPERM;
+    }
     if (error) {
         rule_collection_destroy(rules);
     }
@@ -3544,7 +3586,7 @@ handle_flow_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
         long long int now = time_msec();
         struct ofputil_flow_stats fs;
         long long int created, used, modified;
-        struct rule_actions *actions;
+        const struct rule_actions *actions;
         enum ofputil_flow_mod_flags flags;
 
         ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
@@ -3552,27 +3594,25 @@ handle_flow_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
         fs.idle_timeout = rule->idle_timeout;
         fs.hard_timeout = rule->hard_timeout;
         created = rule->created;
-        used = rule->used;
         modified = rule->modified;
-        actions = rule_get_actions__(rule);
+        actions = rule_get_actions(rule);
         flags = rule->flags;
         ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
 
+        ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_get_stats(rule, &fs.packet_count,
+                                               &fs.byte_count, &used);
+
         minimatch_expand(&rule->cr.match, &fs.match);
         fs.table_id = rule->table_id;
         calc_duration(created, now, &fs.duration_sec, &fs.duration_nsec);
         fs.priority = rule->cr.priority;
         fs.idle_age = age_secs(now - used);
         fs.hard_age = age_secs(now - modified);
-        ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_get_stats(rule, &fs.packet_count,
-                                               &fs.byte_count);
         fs.ofpacts = actions->ofpacts;
         fs.ofpacts_len = actions->ofpacts_len;
 
         fs.flags = flags;
         ofputil_append_flow_stats_reply(&fs, &replies);
-
-        rule_actions_unref(actions);
     }
 
     rule_collection_unref(&rules);
@@ -3587,14 +3627,14 @@ static void
 flow_stats_ds(struct rule *rule, struct ds *results)
 {
     uint64_t packet_count, byte_count;
-    struct rule_actions *actions;
-    long long int created;
+    const struct rule_actions *actions;
+    long long int created, used;
 
-    rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_get_stats(rule,
-                                                 &packet_count, &byte_count);
+    rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_get_stats(rule, &packet_count,
+                                                 &byte_count, &used);
 
     ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
-    actions = rule_get_actions__(rule);
+    actions = rule_get_actions(rule);
     created = rule->created;
     ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
 
@@ -3611,8 +3651,6 @@ flow_stats_ds(struct rule *rule, struct ds *results)
     ofpacts_format(actions->ofpacts, actions->ofpacts_len, results);
 
     ds_put_cstr(results, "\n");
-
-    rule_actions_unref(actions);
 }
 
 /* Adds a pretty-printed description of all flows to 'results', including
@@ -3626,12 +3664,12 @@ ofproto_get_all_flows(struct ofproto *p, struct ds *results)
         struct cls_cursor cursor;
         struct rule *rule;
 
-        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+        fat_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, NULL);
         CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (rule, cr, &cursor) {
             flow_stats_ds(rule, results);
         }
-        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+        fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     }
 }
 
@@ -3644,20 +3682,22 @@ ofproto_get_netflow_ids(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
     ofproto->ofproto_class->get_netflow_ids(ofproto, engine_type, engine_id);
 }
 
-/* Checks the status of CFM configured on 'ofp_port' within 'ofproto'.  Returns
- * true if the port's CFM status was successfully stored into '*status'.
- * Returns false if the port did not have CFM configured, in which case
- * '*status' is indeterminate.
+/* Checks the status of CFM configured on 'ofp_port' within 'ofproto'.
+ * Returns 0 if the port's CFM status was successfully stored into
+ * '*status'.  Returns positive errno if the port did not have CFM
+ * configured.  Returns negative number if there is no status change
+ * since last update.
  *
- * The caller must provide and owns '*status', and must free 'status->rmps'. */
-bool
+ * The caller must provide and own '*status', and must free 'status->rmps'.
+ * '*status' is indeterminate if the return value is non-zero. */
+int
 ofproto_port_get_cfm_status(const struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port,
                             struct ofproto_cfm_status *status)
 {
     struct ofport *ofport = ofproto_get_port(ofproto, ofp_port);
-    return (ofport
-            && ofproto->ofproto_class->get_cfm_status
-            && ofproto->ofproto_class->get_cfm_status(ofport, status));
+    return (ofport && ofproto->ofproto_class->get_cfm_status
+            ? ofproto->ofproto_class->get_cfm_status(ofport, status)
+            : EOPNOTSUPP);
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
@@ -3702,9 +3742,10 @@ handle_aggregate_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
         struct rule *rule = rules.rules[i];
         uint64_t packet_count;
         uint64_t byte_count;
+        long long int used;
 
         ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_get_stats(rule, &packet_count,
-                                               &byte_count);
+                                               &byte_count, &used);
 
         if (packet_count == UINT64_MAX) {
             unknown_packets = true;
@@ -3834,27 +3875,6 @@ handle_queue_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
     return error;
 }
 
-static bool
-is_flow_deletion_pending(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
-                         const struct cls_rule *cls_rule,
-                         uint8_t table_id)
-    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
-{
-    if (!hmap_is_empty(&ofproto->deletions)) {
-        struct ofoperation *op;
-
-        HMAP_FOR_EACH_WITH_HASH (op, hmap_node,
-                                 cls_rule_hash(cls_rule, table_id),
-                                 &ofproto->deletions) {
-            if (cls_rule_equal(cls_rule, &op->rule->cr)) {
-                return true;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    return false;
-}
-
 static bool
 should_evict_a_rule(struct oftable *table, unsigned int extra_space)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
@@ -3864,8 +3884,7 @@ should_evict_a_rule(struct oftable *table, unsigned int extra_space)
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
-evict_rules_from_table(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct oftable *table,
-                       unsigned int extra_space)
+evict_rules_from_table(struct oftable *table, unsigned int extra_space)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     while (should_evict_a_rule(table, extra_space)) {
@@ -3873,12 +3892,8 @@ evict_rules_from_table(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct oftable *table,
 
         if (!choose_rule_to_evict(table, &rule)) {
             return OFPERR_OFPFMFC_TABLE_FULL;
-        } else if (rule->pending) {
-            return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
         } else {
-            struct ofopgroup *group = ofopgroup_create_unattached(ofproto);
-            delete_flow__(rule, group, OFPRR_EVICTION);
-            ofopgroup_submit(group);
+            ofproto_rule_delete__(rule, OFPRR_EVICTION);
         }
     }
 
@@ -3898,19 +3913,19 @@ evict_rules_from_table(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct oftable *table,
  * 'ofconn' is used to retrieve the packet buffer specified in ofm->buffer_id,
  * if any. */
 static enum ofperr
-add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
-         struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm, const struct ofp_header *request)
+add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
+         const struct flow_mod_requester *req)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
+    const struct rule_actions *actions;
     struct oftable *table;
-    struct ofopgroup *group;
     struct cls_rule cr;
     struct rule *rule;
     uint8_t table_id;
-    int error;
+    int error = 0;
 
-    error = check_table_id(ofproto, fm->table_id);
-    if (error) {
+    if (!check_table_id(ofproto, fm->table_id)) {
+        error = OFPERR_OFPBRC_BAD_TABLE_ID;
         return error;
     }
 
@@ -3934,49 +3949,46 @@ add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
     }
 
     table = &ofproto->tables[table_id];
-
-    if (table->flags & OFTABLE_READONLY) {
+    if (table->flags & OFTABLE_READONLY
+        && !(fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_NO_READONLY)) {
         return OFPERR_OFPBRC_EPERM;
     }
 
+    if (!(fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_HIDDEN_FIELDS)) {
+        if (!match_has_default_hidden_fields(&fm->match)) {
+            VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: (add_flow) only internal flows can set "
+                         "non-default values to hidden fields", ofproto->name);
+            return OFPERR_OFPBRC_EPERM;
+        }
+    }
+
     cls_rule_init(&cr, &fm->match, fm->priority);
 
     /* Transform "add" into "modify" if there's an existing identical flow. */
-    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     rule = rule_from_cls_rule(classifier_find_rule_exactly(&table->cls, &cr));
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     if (rule) {
-        cls_rule_destroy(&cr);
-        if (!rule_is_modifiable(rule)) {
-            return OFPERR_OFPBRC_EPERM;
-        } else if (rule->pending) {
-            return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-        } else {
-            struct rule_collection rules;
+        struct rule_collection rules;
 
-            rule_collection_init(&rules);
-            rule_collection_add(&rules, rule);
-            fm->modify_cookie = true;
-            error = modify_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request, &rules);
-            rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
+        cls_rule_destroy(&cr);
 
-            return error;
-        }
-    }
+        rule_collection_init(&rules);
+        rule_collection_add(&rules, rule);
+        fm->modify_cookie = true;
+        error = modify_flows__(ofproto, fm, &rules, req);
+        rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
 
-    /* Serialize against pending deletion. */
-    if (is_flow_deletion_pending(ofproto, &cr, table_id)) {
-        cls_rule_destroy(&cr);
-        return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
+        return error;
     }
 
     /* Check for overlap, if requested. */
     if (fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_CHECK_OVERLAP) {
         bool overlaps;
 
-        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+        fat_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         overlaps = classifier_rule_overlaps(&table->cls, &cr);
-        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+        fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
 
         if (overlaps) {
             cls_rule_destroy(&cr);
@@ -3985,7 +3997,7 @@ add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
     }
 
     /* If necessary, evict an existing rule to clear out space. */
-    error = evict_rules_from_table(ofproto, table, 1);
+    error = evict_rules_from_table(table, 1);
     if (error) {
         cls_rule_destroy(&cr);
         return error;
@@ -4003,10 +4015,9 @@ add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
     /* Initialize base state. */
     *CONST_CAST(struct ofproto **, &rule->ofproto) = ofproto;
     cls_rule_move(CONST_CAST(struct cls_rule *, &rule->cr), &cr);
-    atomic_init(&rule->ref_count, 1);
-    rule->pending = NULL;
+    ovs_refcount_init(&rule->ref_count);
     rule->flow_cookie = fm->new_cookie;
-    rule->created = rule->modified = rule->used = time_msec();
+    rule->created = rule->modified = time_msec();
 
     ovs_mutex_init(&rule->mutex);
     ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
@@ -4016,7 +4027,8 @@ add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
 
     *CONST_CAST(uint8_t *, &rule->table_id) = table - ofproto->tables;
     rule->flags = fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_STATE;
-    rule->actions = rule_actions_create(ofproto, fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len);
+    actions = rule_actions_create(fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len);
+    ovsrcu_set(&rule->actions, actions);
     list_init(&rule->meter_list_node);
     rule->eviction_group = NULL;
     list_init(&rule->expirable);
@@ -4031,15 +4043,43 @@ add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
         return error;
     }
 
-    /* Insert rule. */
-    oftable_insert_rule(rule);
+    if (fm->hard_timeout || fm->idle_timeout) {
+        list_insert(&ofproto->expirable, &rule->expirable);
+    }
+    cookies_insert(ofproto, rule);
+    eviction_group_add_rule(rule);
+    if (actions->has_meter) {
+        meter_insert_rule(rule);
+    }
+
+    fat_rwlock_wrlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    classifier_insert(&table->cls, CONST_CAST(struct cls_rule *, &rule->cr));
+    fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+
+    error = ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_insert(rule);
+    if (error) {
+        oftable_remove_rule(rule);
+        ofproto_rule_unref(rule);
+        return error;
+    }
+    learned_cookies_inc(ofproto, actions);
+
+    if (minimask_get_vid_mask(&rule->cr.match.mask) == VLAN_VID_MASK) {
+        if (ofproto->vlan_bitmap) {
+            uint16_t vid = miniflow_get_vid(&rule->cr.match.flow);
+            if (!bitmap_is_set(ofproto->vlan_bitmap, vid)) {
+                bitmap_set1(ofproto->vlan_bitmap, vid);
+                ofproto->vlans_changed = true;
+            }
+        } else {
+            ofproto->vlans_changed = true;
+        }
+    }
 
-    group = ofopgroup_create(ofproto, ofconn, request, fm->buffer_id);
-    ofoperation_create(group, rule, OFOPERATION_ADD, 0);
-    ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_insert(rule);
-    ofopgroup_submit(group);
+    ofmonitor_report(ofproto->connmgr, rule, NXFME_ADDED, 0,
+                     req ? req->ofconn : NULL, req ? req->xid : 0);
 
-    return error;
+    return req ? send_buffered_packet(req->ofconn, fm->buffer_id, rule) : 0;
 }
 \f
 /* OFPFC_MODIFY and OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT. */
@@ -4052,50 +4092,69 @@ add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
  *
  * Returns 0 on success, otherwise an OpenFlow error code. */
 static enum ofperr
-modify_flows__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
-               struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm, const struct ofp_header *request,
-               const struct rule_collection *rules)
+modify_flows__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
+               const struct rule_collection *rules,
+               const struct flow_mod_requester *req)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    enum ofoperation_type type;
-    struct ofopgroup *group;
-    enum ofperr error;
+    struct list dead_cookies = LIST_INITIALIZER(&dead_cookies);
+    enum nx_flow_update_event event;
     size_t i;
 
-    type = fm->command == OFPFC_ADD ? OFOPERATION_REPLACE : OFOPERATION_MODIFY;
-    group = ofopgroup_create(ofproto, ofconn, request, fm->buffer_id);
-    error = OFPERR_OFPBRC_EPERM;
+    if (ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_premodify_actions) {
+        for (i = 0; i < rules->n; i++) {
+            struct rule *rule = rules->rules[i];
+            enum ofperr error;
+
+            error = ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_premodify_actions(
+                rule, fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len);
+            if (error) {
+                return error;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    event = fm->command == OFPFC_ADD ? NXFME_ADDED : NXFME_MODIFIED;
     for (i = 0; i < rules->n; i++) {
         struct rule *rule = rules->rules[i];
-        struct ofoperation *op;
-        bool actions_changed;
-        bool reset_counters;
 
-        /* FIXME: Implement OFPFUTIL_FF_RESET_COUNTS */
+        /*  'fm' says that  */
+        bool change_cookie = (fm->modify_cookie
+                              && fm->new_cookie != OVS_BE64_MAX
+                              && fm->new_cookie != rule->flow_cookie);
 
-        if (rule_is_modifiable(rule)) {
-            /* At least one rule is modifiable, don't report EPERM error. */
-            error = 0;
-        } else {
-            continue;
-        }
+        const struct rule_actions *actions = rule_get_actions(rule);
+        bool change_actions = !ofpacts_equal(fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len,
+                                             actions->ofpacts,
+                                             actions->ofpacts_len);
 
-        actions_changed = !ofpacts_equal(fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len,
-                                         rule->actions->ofpacts,
-                                         rule->actions->ofpacts_len);
+        bool reset_counters = (fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_RESET_COUNTS) != 0;
 
-        op = ofoperation_create(group, rule, type, 0);
+        long long int now = time_msec();
+
+        /* FIXME: Implement OFPFUTIL_FF_RESET_COUNTS */
 
-        if (fm->modify_cookie && fm->new_cookie != OVS_BE64_MAX) {
-            ofproto_rule_change_cookie(ofproto, rule, fm->new_cookie);
+        if (change_cookie) {
+            cookies_remove(ofproto, rule);
         }
-        if (type == OFOPERATION_REPLACE) {
-            ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+
+        ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+        if (fm->command == OFPFC_ADD) {
             rule->idle_timeout = fm->idle_timeout;
             rule->hard_timeout = fm->hard_timeout;
-            ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
-
             rule->flags = fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_STATE;
+            rule->created = now;
+        }
+        if (change_cookie) {
+            rule->flow_cookie = fm->new_cookie;
+        }
+        rule->modified = now;
+        ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+
+        if (change_cookie) {
+            cookies_insert(ofproto, rule);
+        }
+        if (fm->command == OFPFC_ADD) {
             if (fm->idle_timeout || fm->hard_timeout) {
                 if (!rule->eviction_group) {
                     eviction_group_add_rule(rule);
@@ -4105,38 +4164,45 @@ modify_flows__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
             }
         }
 
-        reset_counters = (fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_RESET_COUNTS) != 0;
-        if (actions_changed || reset_counters) {
-            struct rule_actions *new_actions;
+        if (change_actions) {
+            ovsrcu_set(&rule->actions, rule_actions_create(fm->ofpacts,
+                                                           fm->ofpacts_len));
+            rule_actions_destroy(actions);
+        }
 
-            op->actions = rule->actions;
-            new_actions = rule_actions_create(ofproto,
-                                              fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len);
+        if (change_actions || reset_counters) {
+            ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_modify_actions(rule, reset_counters);
+        }
 
-            ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
-            rule->actions = new_actions;
-            ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+        if (event != NXFME_MODIFIED || change_actions || change_cookie) {
+            ofmonitor_report(ofproto->connmgr, rule, event, 0,
+                             req ? req->ofconn : NULL, req ? req->xid : 0);
+        }
 
-            rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_modify_actions(rule,
-                                                              reset_counters);
-        } else {
-            ofoperation_complete(op, 0);
+        if (change_actions) {
+            learned_cookies_inc(ofproto, rule_get_actions(rule));
+            learned_cookies_dec(ofproto, actions, &dead_cookies);
         }
     }
-    ofopgroup_submit(group);
+    learned_cookies_flush(ofproto, &dead_cookies);
 
-    return error;
+    if (fm->buffer_id != UINT32_MAX && req) {
+        return send_buffered_packet(req->ofconn, fm->buffer_id,
+                                    rules->rules[0]);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
-modify_flows_add(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
-                 struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm, const struct ofp_header *request)
+modify_flows_add(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
+                 const struct flow_mod_requester *req)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     if (fm->cookie_mask != htonll(0) || fm->new_cookie == OVS_BE64_MAX) {
         return 0;
     }
-    return add_flow(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request);
+    return add_flow(ofproto, fm, req);
 }
 
 /* Implements OFPFC_MODIFY.  Returns 0 on success or an OpenFlow error code on
@@ -4145,9 +4211,8 @@ modify_flows_add(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
  * 'ofconn' is used to retrieve the packet buffer specified in fm->buffer_id,
  * if any. */
 static enum ofperr
-modify_flows_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
-                   struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
-                   const struct ofp_header *request)
+modify_flows_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
+                   const struct flow_mod_requester *req)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct rule_criteria criteria;
@@ -4156,13 +4221,15 @@ modify_flows_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
 
     rule_criteria_init(&criteria, fm->table_id, &fm->match, 0,
                        fm->cookie, fm->cookie_mask, OFPP_ANY, OFPG11_ANY);
+    rule_criteria_require_rw(&criteria,
+                             (fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_NO_READONLY) != 0);
     error = collect_rules_loose(ofproto, &criteria, &rules);
     rule_criteria_destroy(&criteria);
 
     if (!error) {
         error = (rules.n > 0
-                 ? modify_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request, &rules)
-                 : modify_flows_add(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request));
+                 ? modify_flows__(ofproto, fm, &rules, req)
+                 : modify_flows_add(ofproto, fm, req));
     }
 
     rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
@@ -4171,14 +4238,10 @@ modify_flows_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
 }
 
 /* Implements OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT.  Returns 0 on success or an OpenFlow error
- * code on failure.
- *
- * 'ofconn' is used to retrieve the packet buffer specified in fm->buffer_id,
- * if any. */
+ * code on failure. */
 static enum ofperr
-modify_flow_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
-                   struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
-                   const struct ofp_header *request)
+modify_flow_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
+                   const struct flow_mod_requester *req)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct rule_criteria criteria;
@@ -4187,14 +4250,16 @@ modify_flow_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
 
     rule_criteria_init(&criteria, fm->table_id, &fm->match, fm->priority,
                        fm->cookie, fm->cookie_mask, OFPP_ANY, OFPG11_ANY);
+    rule_criteria_require_rw(&criteria,
+                             (fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_NO_READONLY) != 0);
     error = collect_rules_strict(ofproto, &criteria, &rules);
     rule_criteria_destroy(&criteria);
 
     if (!error) {
         if (rules.n == 0) {
-            error =  modify_flows_add(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request);
+            error = modify_flows_add(ofproto, fm, req);
         } else if (rules.n == 1) {
-            error = modify_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request, &rules);
+            error = modify_flows__(ofproto, fm, &rules, req);
         }
     }
 
@@ -4205,47 +4270,41 @@ modify_flow_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
 \f
 /* OFPFC_DELETE implementation. */
 
+/* Deletes the rules listed in 'rules'. */
 static void
-delete_flow__(struct rule *rule, struct ofopgroup *group,
-              enum ofp_flow_removed_reason reason)
+delete_flows__(const struct rule_collection *rules,
+               enum ofp_flow_removed_reason reason,
+               const struct flow_mod_requester *req)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct ofproto *ofproto = rule->ofproto;
+    if (rules->n) {
+        struct list dead_cookies = LIST_INITIALIZER(&dead_cookies);
+        struct ofproto *ofproto = rules->rules[0]->ofproto;
+        size_t i;
 
-    ofproto_rule_send_removed(rule, reason);
+        for (i = 0; i < rules->n; i++) {
+            struct rule *rule = rules->rules[i];
+            const struct rule_actions *actions = rule_get_actions(rule);
 
-    ofoperation_create(group, rule, OFOPERATION_DELETE, reason);
-    oftable_remove_rule(rule);
-    ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_delete(rule);
-}
+            ofproto_rule_send_removed(rule, reason);
 
-/* Deletes the rules listed in 'rules'.
- *
- * Returns 0 on success, otherwise an OpenFlow error code. */
-static enum ofperr
-delete_flows__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
-               const struct ofp_header *request,
-               const struct rule_collection *rules,
-               enum ofp_flow_removed_reason reason)
-    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
-{
-    struct ofopgroup *group;
-    size_t i;
+            ofmonitor_report(ofproto->connmgr, rule, NXFME_DELETED, reason,
+                             req ? req->ofconn : NULL, req ? req->xid : 0);
+            oftable_remove_rule(rule);
+            ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_delete(rule);
 
-    group = ofopgroup_create(ofproto, ofconn, request, UINT32_MAX);
-    for (i = 0; i < rules->n; i++) {
-        delete_flow__(rules->rules[i], group, reason);
+            learned_cookies_dec(ofproto, actions, &dead_cookies);
+        }
+        learned_cookies_flush(ofproto, &dead_cookies);
+        ofmonitor_flush(ofproto->connmgr);
     }
-    ofopgroup_submit(group);
-
-    return 0;
 }
 
 /* Implements OFPFC_DELETE. */
 static enum ofperr
-delete_flows_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
+delete_flows_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto,
                    const struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
-                   const struct ofp_header *request)
+                   const struct flow_mod_requester *req)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct rule_criteria criteria;
@@ -4255,11 +4314,13 @@ delete_flows_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
     rule_criteria_init(&criteria, fm->table_id, &fm->match, 0,
                        fm->cookie, fm->cookie_mask,
                        fm->out_port, fm->out_group);
+    rule_criteria_require_rw(&criteria,
+                             (fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_NO_READONLY) != 0);
     error = collect_rules_loose(ofproto, &criteria, &rules);
     rule_criteria_destroy(&criteria);
 
     if (!error && rules.n > 0) {
-        error = delete_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, request, &rules, OFPRR_DELETE);
+        delete_flows__(&rules, fm->delete_reason, req);
     }
     rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
 
@@ -4268,9 +4329,8 @@ delete_flows_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
 
 /* Implements OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT. */
 static enum ofperr
-delete_flow_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
-                   const struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
-                   const struct ofp_header *request)
+delete_flow_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto, const struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
+                   const struct flow_mod_requester *req)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct rule_criteria criteria;
@@ -4280,11 +4340,13 @@ delete_flow_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
     rule_criteria_init(&criteria, fm->table_id, &fm->match, fm->priority,
                        fm->cookie, fm->cookie_mask,
                        fm->out_port, fm->out_group);
+    rule_criteria_require_rw(&criteria,
+                             (fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_NO_READONLY) != 0);
     error = collect_rules_strict(ofproto, &criteria, &rules);
     rule_criteria_destroy(&criteria);
 
     if (!error && rules.n > 0) {
-        error = delete_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, request, &rules, OFPRR_DELETE);
+        delete_flows__(&rules, fm->delete_reason, req);
     }
     rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
 
@@ -4296,8 +4358,9 @@ ofproto_rule_send_removed(struct rule *rule, uint8_t reason)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofputil_flow_removed fr;
+    long long int used;
 
-    if (ofproto_rule_is_hidden(rule) ||
+    if (rule_is_hidden(rule) ||
         !(rule->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_SEND_FLOW_REM)) {
         return;
     }
@@ -4314,7 +4377,7 @@ ofproto_rule_send_removed(struct rule *rule, uint8_t reason)
     fr.hard_timeout = rule->hard_timeout;
     ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
     rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_get_stats(rule, &fr.packet_count,
-                                                 &fr.byte_count);
+                                                 &fr.byte_count, &used);
 
     connmgr_send_flow_removed(rule->ofproto->connmgr, &fr);
 }
@@ -4323,21 +4386,13 @@ ofproto_rule_send_removed(struct rule *rule, uint8_t reason)
  * OFPRR_HARD_TIMEOUT or OFPRR_IDLE_TIMEOUT), and then removes 'rule' from its
  * ofproto.
  *
- * 'rule' must not have a pending operation (that is, 'rule->pending' must be
- * NULL).
- *
  * ofproto implementation ->run() functions should use this function to expire
  * OpenFlow flows. */
 void
 ofproto_rule_expire(struct rule *rule, uint8_t reason)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct ofproto *ofproto = rule->ofproto;
-
-    ovs_assert(reason == OFPRR_HARD_TIMEOUT || reason == OFPRR_IDLE_TIMEOUT
-               || reason == OFPRR_DELETE || reason == OFPRR_GROUP_DELETE);
-
-    ofproto_rule_delete__(ofproto, rule, reason);
+    ofproto_rule_delete__(rule, reason);
 }
 
 /* Reduces '*timeout' to no more than 'max'.  A value of zero in either case
@@ -4385,7 +4440,6 @@ handle_flow_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
     uint64_t ofpacts_stub[1024 / 8];
     struct ofpbuf ofpacts;
     enum ofperr error;
-    long long int now;
 
     error = reject_slave_controller(ofconn);
     if (error) {
@@ -4401,37 +4455,17 @@ handle_flow_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
         error = ofproto_check_ofpacts(ofproto, fm.ofpacts, fm.ofpacts_len);
     }
     if (!error) {
-        error = handle_flow_mod__(ofproto, ofconn, &fm, oh);
+        struct flow_mod_requester req;
+
+        req.ofconn = ofconn;
+        req.xid = oh->xid;
+        error = handle_flow_mod__(ofproto, &fm, &req);
     }
     if (error) {
         goto exit_free_ofpacts;
     }
 
-    /* Record the operation for logging a summary report. */
-    switch (fm.command) {
-    case OFPFC_ADD:
-        ofproto->n_add++;
-        break;
-
-    case OFPFC_MODIFY:
-    case OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT:
-        ofproto->n_modify++;
-        break;
-
-    case OFPFC_DELETE:
-    case OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT:
-        ofproto->n_delete++;
-        break;
-    }
-
-    now = time_msec();
-    if (ofproto->next_op_report == LLONG_MAX) {
-        ofproto->first_op = now;
-        ofproto->next_op_report = MAX(now + 10 * 1000,
-                                      ofproto->op_backoff);
-        ofproto->op_backoff = ofproto->next_op_report + 60 * 1000;
-    }
-    ofproto->last_op = now;
+    ofconn_report_flow_mod(ofconn, fm.command);
 
 exit_free_ofpacts:
     ofpbuf_uninit(&ofpacts);
@@ -4440,48 +4474,44 @@ exit:
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
-handle_flow_mod__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
-                  struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm, const struct ofp_header *oh)
+handle_flow_mod__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
+                  const struct flow_mod_requester *req)
     OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     enum ofperr error;
 
     ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
-    if (ofproto->n_pending < 50) {
-        switch (fm->command) {
-        case OFPFC_ADD:
-            error = add_flow(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
-            break;
+    switch (fm->command) {
+    case OFPFC_ADD:
+        error = add_flow(ofproto, fm, req);
+        break;
 
-        case OFPFC_MODIFY:
-            error = modify_flows_loose(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
-            break;
+    case OFPFC_MODIFY:
+        error = modify_flows_loose(ofproto, fm, req);
+        break;
 
-        case OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT:
-            error = modify_flow_strict(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
-            break;
+    case OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT:
+        error = modify_flow_strict(ofproto, fm, req);
+        break;
 
-        case OFPFC_DELETE:
-            error = delete_flows_loose(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
-            break;
+    case OFPFC_DELETE:
+        error = delete_flows_loose(ofproto, fm, req);
+        break;
 
-        case OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT:
-            error = delete_flow_strict(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
-            break;
+    case OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT:
+        error = delete_flow_strict(ofproto, fm, req);
+        break;
 
-        default:
-            if (fm->command > 0xff) {
-                VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: flow_mod has explicit table_id but "
-                             "flow_mod_table_id extension is not enabled",
-                             ofproto->name);
-            }
-            error = OFPERR_OFPFMFC_BAD_COMMAND;
-            break;
+    default:
+        if (fm->command > 0xff) {
+            VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: flow_mod has explicit table_id but "
+                         "flow_mod_table_id extension is not enabled",
+                         ofproto->name);
         }
-    } else {
-        ovs_assert(!list_is_empty(&ofproto->pending));
-        error = OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
+        error = OFPERR_OFPFMFC_BAD_COMMAND;
+        break;
     }
+    ofmonitor_flush(ofproto->connmgr);
     ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
 
     run_rule_executes(ofproto);
@@ -4502,11 +4532,6 @@ handle_role_request(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
     }
 
     if (request.role != OFPCR12_ROLE_NOCHANGE) {
-        if (ofconn_get_role(ofconn) != request.role
-            && ofconn_has_pending_opgroups(ofconn)) {
-            return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-        }
-
         if (request.have_generation_id
             && !ofconn_set_master_election_id(ofconn, request.generation_id)) {
                 return OFPERR_OFPRRFC_STALE;
@@ -4552,12 +4577,8 @@ handle_nxt_set_flow_format(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
 
     cur = ofconn_get_protocol(ofconn);
     next = ofputil_protocol_set_base(cur, next_base);
-    if (cur != next && ofconn_has_pending_opgroups(ofconn)) {
-        /* Avoid sending async messages in surprising protocol. */
-        return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-    }
-
     ofconn_set_protocol(ofconn, next);
+
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -4573,12 +4594,6 @@ handle_nxt_set_packet_in_format(struct ofconn *ofconn,
         return OFPERR_OFPBRC_EPERM;
     }
 
-    if (format != ofconn_get_packet_in_format(ofconn)
-        && ofconn_has_pending_opgroups(ofconn)) {
-        /* Avoid sending async message in surprsing packet in format. */
-        return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-    }
-
     ofconn_set_packet_in_format(ofconn, format);
     return 0;
 }
@@ -4651,10 +4666,6 @@ handle_barrier_request(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
 {
     struct ofpbuf *buf;
 
-    if (ofconn_has_pending_opgroups(ofconn)) {
-        return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-    }
-
     buf = ofpraw_alloc_reply((oh->version == OFP10_VERSION
                               ? OFPRAW_OFPT10_BARRIER_REPLY
                               : OFPRAW_OFPT11_BARRIER_REPLY), oh, 0);
@@ -4668,17 +4679,10 @@ ofproto_compose_flow_refresh_update(const struct rule *rule,
                                     struct list *msgs)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct ofoperation *op = rule->pending;
     const struct rule_actions *actions;
     struct ofputil_flow_update fu;
     struct match match;
 
-    if (op && op->type == OFOPERATION_ADD) {
-        /* We'll report the final flow when the operation completes.  Reporting
-         * it now would cause a duplicate report later. */
-        return;
-    }
-
     fu.event = (flags & (NXFMF_INITIAL | NXFMF_ADD)
                 ? NXFME_ADDED : NXFME_MODIFIED);
     fu.reason = 0;
@@ -4692,30 +4696,7 @@ ofproto_compose_flow_refresh_update(const struct rule *rule,
     fu.match = &match;
     fu.priority = rule->cr.priority;
 
-    if (!(flags & NXFMF_ACTIONS)) {
-        actions = NULL;
-    } else if (!op) {
-        actions = rule->actions;
-    } else {
-        /* An operation is in progress.  Use the previous version of the flow's
-         * actions, so that when the operation commits we report the change. */
-        switch (op->type) {
-        case OFOPERATION_ADD:
-            NOT_REACHED();
-
-        case OFOPERATION_MODIFY:
-        case OFOPERATION_REPLACE:
-            actions = op->actions ? op->actions : rule->actions;
-            break;
-
-        case OFOPERATION_DELETE:
-            actions = rule->actions;
-            break;
-
-        default:
-            NOT_REACHED();
-        }
-    }
+    actions = flags & NXFMF_ACTIONS ? rule_get_actions(rule) : NULL;
     fu.ofpacts = actions ? actions->ofpacts : NULL;
     fu.ofpacts_len = actions ? actions->ofpacts_len : 0;
 
@@ -4749,13 +4730,11 @@ ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rule(const struct ofmonitor *m,
 {
     enum nx_flow_monitor_flags update;
 
-    if (ofproto_rule_is_hidden(rule)) {
+    if (rule_is_hidden(rule)) {
         return;
     }
 
-    if (!(rule->pending
-          ? ofoperation_has_out_port(rule->pending, m->out_port)
-          : ofproto_rule_has_out_port(rule, m->out_port))) {
+    if (!ofproto_rule_has_out_port(rule, m->out_port)) {
         return;
     }
 
@@ -4788,7 +4767,6 @@ ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rules(const struct ofmonitor *m,
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     const struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(m->ofconn);
-    const struct ofoperation *op;
     const struct oftable *table;
     struct cls_rule target;
 
@@ -4797,24 +4775,12 @@ ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rules(const struct ofmonitor *m,
         struct cls_cursor cursor;
         struct rule *rule;
 
-        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+        fat_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, &target);
         CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (rule, cr, &cursor) {
-            ovs_assert(!rule->pending); /* XXX */
-            ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rule(m, rule, seqno, rules);
-        }
-        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
-    }
-
-    HMAP_FOR_EACH (op, hmap_node, &ofproto->deletions) {
-        struct rule *rule = op->rule;
-
-        if (((m->table_id == 0xff
-              ? !(ofproto->tables[rule->table_id].flags & OFTABLE_HIDDEN)
-              : m->table_id == rule->table_id))
-            && cls_rule_is_loose_match(&rule->cr, &target.match)) {
             ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rule(m, rule, seqno, rules);
         }
+        fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     }
     cls_rule_destroy(&target);
 }
@@ -4929,7 +4895,7 @@ handle_flow_monitor_cancel(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
         ofmonitor_destroy(m);
         error = 0;
     } else {
-        error = OFPERR_NXBRC_FM_BAD_ID;
+        error = OFPERR_OFPMOFC_UNKNOWN_MONITOR;
     }
     ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
 
@@ -4939,8 +4905,6 @@ handle_flow_monitor_cancel(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
 /* Meters implementation.
  *
  * Meter table entry, indexed by the OpenFlow meter_id.
- * These are always dynamically allocated to allocate enough space for
- * the bands.
  * 'created' is used to compute the duration for meter stats.
  * 'list rules' is needed so that we can delete the dependent rules when the
  * meter table entry is deleted.
@@ -4972,6 +4936,18 @@ get_provider_meter_id(const struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t of_meter_id)
     return UINT32_MAX;
 }
 
+/* Finds the meter invoked by 'rule''s actions and adds 'rule' to the meter's
+ * list of rules. */
+static void
+meter_insert_rule(struct rule *rule)
+{
+    const struct rule_actions *a = rule_get_actions(rule);
+    uint32_t meter_id = ofpacts_get_meter(a->ofpacts, a->ofpacts_len);
+    struct meter *meter = rule->ofproto->meters[meter_id];
+
+    list_insert(&meter->rules, &rule->meter_list_node);
+}
+
 static void
 meter_update(struct meter *meter, const struct ofputil_meter_config *config)
 {
@@ -5059,8 +5035,7 @@ handle_modify_meter(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_meter_mod *mm)
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
-handle_delete_meter(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh,
-                    struct ofputil_meter_mod *mm)
+handle_delete_meter(struct ofconn *ofconn, struct ofputil_meter_mod *mm)
     OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
@@ -5089,22 +5064,17 @@ handle_delete_meter(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh,
             struct rule *rule;
 
             LIST_FOR_EACH (rule, meter_list_node, &meter->rules) {
-                if (rule->pending) {
-                    error = OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-                    goto exit;
-                }
                 rule_collection_add(&rules, rule);
             }
         }
     }
     if (rules.n > 0) {
-        delete_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, oh, &rules, OFPRR_METER_DELETE);
+        delete_flows__(&rules, OFPRR_METER_DELETE, NULL);
     }
 
     /* Delete the meters. */
     meter_delete(ofproto, first, last);
 
-exit:
     ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
     rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
 
@@ -5160,7 +5130,7 @@ handle_meter_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
         break;
 
     case OFPMC13_DELETE:
-        error = handle_delete_meter(ofconn, oh, &mm);
+        error = handle_delete_meter(ofconn, &mm);
         break;
 
     default:
@@ -5259,47 +5229,38 @@ handle_meter_request(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *request,
     return 0;
 }
 
-bool
-ofproto_group_lookup(const struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t group_id,
-                     struct ofgroup **group)
-    OVS_TRY_RDLOCK(true, (*group)->rwlock)
+static bool
+ofproto_group_lookup__(const struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t group_id,
+                       struct ofgroup **group)
+    OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(ofproto->groups_rwlock)
 {
-    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
     HMAP_FOR_EACH_IN_BUCKET (*group, hmap_node,
                              hash_int(group_id, 0), &ofproto->groups) {
         if ((*group)->group_id == group_id) {
-            ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&(*group)->rwlock);
-            ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
             return true;
         }
     }
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+
     return false;
 }
 
-void
-ofproto_group_release(struct ofgroup *group)
-    OVS_RELEASES(group->rwlock)
+/* If the group exists, this function increments the groups's reference count.
+ *
+ * Make sure to call ofproto_group_unref() after no longer needing to maintain
+ * a reference to the group. */
+bool
+ofproto_group_lookup(const struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t group_id,
+                     struct ofgroup **group)
 {
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&group->rwlock);
-}
+    bool found;
 
-static bool
-ofproto_group_write_lookup(const struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t group_id,
-                           struct ofgroup **group)
-    OVS_TRY_WRLOCK(true, ofproto->groups_rwlock)
-    OVS_TRY_WRLOCK(true, (*group)->rwlock)
-{
-    ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
-    HMAP_FOR_EACH_IN_BUCKET (*group, hmap_node,
-                             hash_int(group_id, 0), &ofproto->groups) {
-        if ((*group)->group_id == group_id) {
-            ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&(*group)->rwlock);
-            return true;
-        }
+    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    found = ofproto_group_lookup__(ofproto, group_id, group);
+    if (found) {
+        ofproto_group_ref(*group);
     }
     ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
-    return false;
+    return found;
 }
 
 static bool
@@ -5334,7 +5295,7 @@ static uint32_t
 group_get_ref_count(struct ofgroup *group)
     OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct ofproto *ofproto = group->ofproto;
+    struct ofproto *ofproto = CONST_CAST(struct ofproto *, group->ofproto);
     struct rule_criteria criteria;
     struct rule_collection rules;
     struct match match;
@@ -5357,10 +5318,9 @@ group_get_ref_count(struct ofgroup *group)
 
 static void
 append_group_stats(struct ofgroup *group, struct list *replies)
-    OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(group->rwlock)
 {
     struct ofputil_group_stats ogs;
-    struct ofproto *ofproto = group->ofproto;
+    const struct ofproto *ofproto = group->ofproto;
     long long int now = time_msec();
     int error;
 
@@ -5388,64 +5348,64 @@ append_group_stats(struct ofgroup *group, struct list *replies)
     free(ogs.bucket_stats);
 }
 
-static enum ofperr
-handle_group_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
-                           const struct ofp_header *request)
+static void
+handle_group_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
+                     const struct ofp_header *request, uint32_t group_id,
+                     void (*cb)(struct ofgroup *, struct list *replies))
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
-    struct list replies;
-    enum ofperr error;
     struct ofgroup *group;
-    uint32_t group_id;
-
-    error = ofputil_decode_group_stats_request(request, &group_id);
-    if (error) {
-        return error;
-    }
+    struct list replies;
 
     ofpmp_init(&replies, request);
-
     if (group_id == OFPG_ALL) {
         ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
         HMAP_FOR_EACH (group, hmap_node, &ofproto->groups) {
-            ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&group->rwlock);
-            append_group_stats(group, &replies);
-            ovs_rwlock_unlock(&group->rwlock);
+            cb(group, &replies);
         }
         ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
     } else {
         if (ofproto_group_lookup(ofproto, group_id, &group)) {
-            append_group_stats(group, &replies);
-            ofproto_group_release(group);
+            cb(group, &replies);
+            ofproto_group_unref(group);
         }
     }
-
     ofconn_send_replies(ofconn, &replies);
-
-    return 0;
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
-handle_group_desc_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
-                                const struct ofp_header *request)
+handle_group_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
+                           const struct ofp_header *request)
 {
-    struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
-    struct list replies;
-    struct ofputil_group_desc gds;
-    struct ofgroup *group;
-
-    ofpmp_init(&replies, request);
+    uint32_t group_id;
+    enum ofperr error;
 
-    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
-    HMAP_FOR_EACH (group, hmap_node, &ofproto->groups) {
-        gds.group_id = group->group_id;
-        gds.type = group->type;
-        ofputil_append_group_desc_reply(&gds, &group->buckets, &replies);
+    error = ofputil_decode_group_stats_request(request, &group_id);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
     }
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
 
-    ofconn_send_replies(ofconn, &replies);
+    handle_group_request(ofconn, request, group_id, append_group_stats);
+    return 0;
+}
 
+static void
+append_group_desc(struct ofgroup *group, struct list *replies)
+{
+    struct ofputil_group_desc gds;
+
+    gds.group_id = group->group_id;
+    gds.type = group->type;
+    ofputil_append_group_desc_reply(&gds, &group->buckets, replies);
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+handle_group_desc_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
+                                const struct ofp_header *request)
+{
+    handle_group_request(ofconn, request,
+                         ofputil_decode_group_desc_request(request),
+                         append_group_desc);
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -5507,24 +5467,12 @@ handle_queue_get_config_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
    return 0;
 }
 
-/* Implements OFPGC11_ADD
- * in which no matching flow already exists in the flow table.
- *
- * Adds the flow specified by 'ofm', which is followed by 'n_actions'
- * ofp_actions, to the ofproto's flow table.  Returns 0 on success, an OpenFlow
- * error code on failure, or OFPROTO_POSTPONE if the operation cannot be
- * initiated now but may be retried later.
- *
- * Upon successful return, takes ownership of 'fm->ofpacts'.  On failure,
- * ownership remains with the caller.
- *
- * 'ofconn' is used to retrieve the packet buffer specified in ofm->buffer_id,
- * if any. */
 static enum ofperr
-add_group(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_group_mod *gm)
+init_group(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_group_mod *gm,
+           struct ofgroup **ofgroup)
 {
-    struct ofgroup *ofgroup;
     enum ofperr error;
+    const long long int now = time_msec();
 
     if (gm->group_id > OFPG_MAX) {
         return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_INVALID_GROUP;
@@ -5533,26 +5481,45 @@ add_group(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_group_mod *gm)
         return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_BAD_TYPE;
     }
 
-    /* Allocate new group and initialize it. */
-    ofgroup = ofproto->ofproto_class->group_alloc();
-    if (!ofgroup) {
-        VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: failed to create group", ofproto->name);
+    *ofgroup = ofproto->ofproto_class->group_alloc();
+    if (!*ofgroup) {
+        VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: failed to allocate group", ofproto->name);
         return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_OUT_OF_GROUPS;
     }
 
-    ovs_rwlock_init(&ofgroup->rwlock);
-    ofgroup->ofproto  = ofproto;
-    ofgroup->group_id = gm->group_id;
-    ofgroup->type     = gm->type;
-    ofgroup->created = ofgroup->modified = time_msec();
+    (*ofgroup)->ofproto = ofproto;
+    *CONST_CAST(uint32_t *, &((*ofgroup)->group_id)) = gm->group_id;
+    *CONST_CAST(enum ofp11_group_type *, &(*ofgroup)->type) = gm->type;
+    *CONST_CAST(long long int *, &((*ofgroup)->created)) = now;
+    *CONST_CAST(long long int *, &((*ofgroup)->modified)) = now;
+    ovs_refcount_init(&(*ofgroup)->ref_count);
 
-    list_move(&ofgroup->buckets, &gm->buckets);
-    ofgroup->n_buckets = list_size(&ofgroup->buckets);
+    list_move(&(*ofgroup)->buckets, &gm->buckets);
+    *CONST_CAST(uint32_t *, &(*ofgroup)->n_buckets) =
+        list_size(&(*ofgroup)->buckets);
 
     /* Construct called BEFORE any locks are held. */
-    error = ofproto->ofproto_class->group_construct(ofgroup);
+    error = ofproto->ofproto_class->group_construct(*ofgroup);
+    if (error) {
+        ofputil_bucket_list_destroy(&(*ofgroup)->buckets);
+        ofproto->ofproto_class->group_dealloc(*ofgroup);
+    }
+    return error;
+}
+
+/* Implements the OFPGC11_ADD operation specified by 'gm', adding a group to
+ * 'ofproto''s group table.  Returns 0 on success or an OpenFlow error code on
+ * failure. */
+static enum ofperr
+add_group(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_group_mod *gm)
+{
+    struct ofgroup *ofgroup;
+    enum ofperr error;
+
+    /* Allocate new group and initialize it. */
+    error = init_group(ofproto, gm, &ofgroup);
     if (error) {
-        goto free_out;
+        return error;
     }
 
     /* We wrlock as late as possible to minimize the time we jam any other
@@ -5582,76 +5549,66 @@ add_group(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_group_mod *gm)
  unlock_out:
     ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
     ofproto->ofproto_class->group_destruct(ofgroup);
- free_out:
     ofputil_bucket_list_destroy(&ofgroup->buckets);
     ofproto->ofproto_class->group_dealloc(ofgroup);
 
     return error;
 }
 
-/* Implements OFPFC_MODIFY.  Returns 0 on success or an OpenFlow error code on
- * failure.
+/* Implements OFPGC11_MODIFY.  Returns 0 on success or an OpenFlow error code
+ * on failure.
  *
- * 'ofconn' is used to retrieve the packet buffer specified in fm->buffer_id,
- * if any. */
+ * Note that the group is re-created and then replaces the old group in
+ * ofproto's ofgroup hash map. Thus, the group is never altered while users of
+ * the xlate module hold a pointer to the group. */
 static enum ofperr
 modify_group(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_group_mod *gm)
 {
-    struct ofgroup *ofgroup;
-    struct ofgroup *victim;
+    struct ofgroup *ofgroup, *new_ofgroup, *retiring;
     enum ofperr error;
 
-    if (gm->group_id > OFPG_MAX) {
-        return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_INVALID_GROUP;
-    }
-
-    if (gm->type > OFPGT11_FF) {
-        return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_BAD_TYPE;
+    error = init_group(ofproto, gm, &new_ofgroup);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
     }
 
-    victim = ofproto->ofproto_class->group_alloc();
-    if (!victim) {
-        VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: failed to allocate group", ofproto->name);
-        return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_OUT_OF_GROUPS;
-    }
+    retiring = new_ofgroup;
 
-    if (!ofproto_group_write_lookup(ofproto, gm->group_id, &ofgroup)) {
+    ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    if (!ofproto_group_lookup__(ofproto, gm->group_id, &ofgroup)) {
         error = OFPERR_OFPGMFC_UNKNOWN_GROUP;
-        goto free_out;
+        goto out;
     }
-    /* Both group's and its container's write locks held now.
-     * Also, n_groups[] is protected by ofproto->groups_rwlock. */
+
+    /* Ofproto's group write lock is held now. */
     if (ofgroup->type != gm->type
         && ofproto->n_groups[gm->type] >= ofproto->ogf.max_groups[gm->type]) {
         error = OFPERR_OFPGMFC_OUT_OF_GROUPS;
-        goto unlock_out;
+        goto out;
     }
 
-    *victim = *ofgroup;
-    list_move(&victim->buckets, &ofgroup->buckets);
+    /* The group creation time does not change during modification. */
+    *CONST_CAST(long long int *, &(new_ofgroup->created)) = ofgroup->created;
+    *CONST_CAST(long long int *, &(new_ofgroup->modified)) = time_msec();
 
-    ofgroup->type = gm->type;
-    list_move(&ofgroup->buckets, &gm->buckets);
-    ofgroup->n_buckets = list_size(&ofgroup->buckets);
-
-    error = ofproto->ofproto_class->group_modify(ofgroup, victim);
-    if (!error) {
-        ofputil_bucket_list_destroy(&victim->buckets);
-        ofproto->n_groups[victim->type]--;
-        ofproto->n_groups[ofgroup->type]++;
-        ofgroup->modified = time_msec();
-    } else {
-        ofputil_bucket_list_destroy(&ofgroup->buckets);
+    error = ofproto->ofproto_class->group_modify(new_ofgroup);
+    if (error) {
+        goto out;
+    }
 
-        *ofgroup = *victim;
-        list_move(&ofgroup->buckets, &victim->buckets);
+    retiring = ofgroup;
+    /* Replace ofgroup in ofproto's groups hash map with new_ofgroup. */
+    hmap_remove(&ofproto->groups, &ofgroup->hmap_node);
+    hmap_insert(&ofproto->groups, &new_ofgroup->hmap_node,
+                hash_int(new_ofgroup->group_id, 0));
+    if (ofgroup->type != new_ofgroup->type) {
+        ofproto->n_groups[ofgroup->type]--;
+        ofproto->n_groups[new_ofgroup->type]++;
     }
 
- unlock_out:
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofgroup->rwlock);
+out:
+    ofproto_group_unref(retiring);
     ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
- free_out:
-    ofproto->ofproto_class->group_dealloc(victim);
     return error;
 }
 
@@ -5665,25 +5622,18 @@ delete_group__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofgroup *ofgroup)
     /* Delete all flow entries containing this group in a group action */
     match_init_catchall(&match);
     flow_mod_init(&fm, &match, 0, NULL, 0, OFPFC_DELETE);
+    fm.delete_reason = OFPRR_GROUP_DELETE;
     fm.out_group = ofgroup->group_id;
-    handle_flow_mod__(ofproto, NULL, &fm, NULL);
+    handle_flow_mod__(ofproto, &fm, NULL);
 
-    /* Must wait until existing readers are done,
-     * while holding the container's write lock at the same time. */
-    ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&ofgroup->rwlock);
     hmap_remove(&ofproto->groups, &ofgroup->hmap_node);
     /* No-one can find this group any more. */
     ofproto->n_groups[ofgroup->type]--;
     ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
-
-    ofproto->ofproto_class->group_destruct(ofgroup);
-    ofputil_bucket_list_destroy(&ofgroup->buckets);
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofgroup->rwlock);
-    ovs_rwlock_destroy(&ofgroup->rwlock);
-    ofproto->ofproto_class->group_dealloc(ofgroup);
+    ofproto_group_unref(ofgroup);
 }
 
-/* Implements OFPGC_DELETE. */
+/* Implements OFPGC11_DELETE. */
 static void
 delete_group(struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t group_id)
 {
@@ -5751,9 +5701,42 @@ handle_group_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
     }
 }
 
+enum ofproto_table_config
+ofproto_table_get_config(const struct ofproto *ofproto, uint8_t table_id)
+{
+    unsigned int value;
+    atomic_read(&ofproto->tables[table_id].config, &value);
+    return (enum ofproto_table_config)value;
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+table_mod(struct ofproto *ofproto, const struct ofputil_table_mod *tm)
+{
+    /* Only accept currently supported configurations */
+    if (tm->config & ~OFPTC11_TABLE_MISS_MASK) {
+        return OFPERR_OFPTMFC_BAD_CONFIG;
+    }
+
+    if (tm->table_id == OFPTT_ALL) {
+        int i;
+        for (i = 0; i < ofproto->n_tables; i++) {
+            atomic_store(&ofproto->tables[i].config,
+                         (unsigned int)tm->config);
+        }
+    } else if (!check_table_id(ofproto, tm->table_id)) {
+        return OFPERR_OFPTMFC_BAD_TABLE;
+    } else {
+        atomic_store(&ofproto->tables[tm->table_id].config,
+                     (unsigned int)tm->config);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
 static enum ofperr
 handle_table_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
 {
+    struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
     struct ofputil_table_mod tm;
     enum ofperr error;
 
@@ -5767,15 +5750,77 @@ handle_table_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
         return error;
     }
 
-    /* XXX Actual table mod support is not implemented yet. */
-    return 0;
+    return table_mod(ofproto, &tm);
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+handle_bundle_control(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
+{
+    enum ofperr error;
+    struct ofputil_bundle_ctrl_msg bctrl;
+    struct ofpbuf *buf;
+    struct ofputil_bundle_ctrl_msg reply;
+
+    error = ofputil_decode_bundle_ctrl(oh, &bctrl);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
+    }
+    reply.flags = 0;
+    reply.bundle_id = bctrl.bundle_id;
+
+    switch (bctrl.type) {
+        case OFPBCT_OPEN_REQUEST:
+        error = ofp_bundle_open(ofconn, bctrl.bundle_id, bctrl.flags);
+        reply.type = OFPBCT_OPEN_REPLY;
+        break;
+    case OFPBCT_CLOSE_REQUEST:
+        error = ofp_bundle_close(ofconn, bctrl.bundle_id, bctrl.flags);
+        reply.type = OFPBCT_CLOSE_REPLY;;
+        break;
+    case OFPBCT_COMMIT_REQUEST:
+        error = ofp_bundle_commit(ofconn, bctrl.bundle_id, bctrl.flags);
+        reply.type = OFPBCT_COMMIT_REPLY;
+        break;
+    case OFPBCT_DISCARD_REQUEST:
+        error = ofp_bundle_discard(ofconn, bctrl.bundle_id);
+        reply.type = OFPBCT_DISCARD_REPLY;
+        break;
+
+    case OFPBCT_OPEN_REPLY:
+    case OFPBCT_CLOSE_REPLY:
+    case OFPBCT_COMMIT_REPLY:
+    case OFPBCT_DISCARD_REPLY:
+        return OFPERR_OFPBFC_BAD_TYPE;
+        break;
+    }
+
+    if (!error) {
+        buf = ofputil_encode_bundle_ctrl_reply(oh, &reply);
+        ofconn_send_reply(ofconn, buf);
+    }
+    return error;
+}
+
+
+static enum ofperr
+handle_bundle_add(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
+{
+    enum ofperr error;
+    struct ofputil_bundle_add_msg badd;
+
+    error = ofputil_decode_bundle_add(oh, &badd);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    return ofp_bundle_add_message(ofconn, &badd);
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
 handle_openflow__(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *msg)
     OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    const struct ofp_header *oh = msg->data;
+    const struct ofp_header *oh = ofpbuf_data(msg);
     enum ofptype type;
     enum ofperr error;
 
@@ -5903,6 +5948,12 @@ handle_openflow__(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *msg)
     case OFPTYPE_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REQUEST:
         return handle_queue_get_config_request(ofconn, oh);
 
+    case OFPTYPE_BUNDLE_CONTROL:
+        return handle_bundle_control(ofconn, oh);
+
+    case OFPTYPE_BUNDLE_ADD_MESSAGE:
+        return handle_bundle_add(ofconn, oh);
+
     case OFPTYPE_HELLO:
     case OFPTYPE_ERROR:
     case OFPTYPE_FEATURES_REPLY:
@@ -5942,375 +5993,50 @@ handle_openflow__(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *msg)
     }
 }
 
-static bool
+static void
 handle_openflow(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *ofp_msg)
     OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     int error = handle_openflow__(ofconn, ofp_msg);
-    if (error && error != OFPROTO_POSTPONE) {
-        ofconn_send_error(ofconn, ofp_msg->data, error);
+    if (error) {
+        ofconn_send_error(ofconn, ofpbuf_data(ofp_msg), error);
     }
     COVERAGE_INC(ofproto_recv_openflow);
-    return error != OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
 }
 \f
 /* Asynchronous operations. */
 
-/* Creates and returns a new ofopgroup that is not associated with any
- * OpenFlow connection.
- *
- * The caller should add operations to the returned group with
- * ofoperation_create() and then submit it with ofopgroup_submit(). */
-static struct ofopgroup *
-ofopgroup_create_unattached(struct ofproto *ofproto)
-    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
-{
-    struct ofopgroup *group = xzalloc(sizeof *group);
-    group->ofproto = ofproto;
-    list_init(&group->ofproto_node);
-    list_init(&group->ops);
-    list_init(&group->ofconn_node);
-    return group;
-}
-
-/* Creates and returns a new ofopgroup for 'ofproto'.
- *
- * If 'ofconn' is NULL, the new ofopgroup is not associated with any OpenFlow
- * connection.  The 'request' and 'buffer_id' arguments are ignored.
- *
- * If 'ofconn' is nonnull, then the new ofopgroup is associated with 'ofconn'.
- * If the ofopgroup eventually fails, then the error reply will include
- * 'request'.  If the ofopgroup eventually succeeds, then the packet with
- * buffer id 'buffer_id' on 'ofconn' will be sent by 'ofconn''s ofproto.
- *
- * The caller should add operations to the returned group with
- * ofoperation_create() and then submit it with ofopgroup_submit(). */
-static struct ofopgroup *
-ofopgroup_create(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
-                 const struct ofp_header *request, uint32_t buffer_id)
-    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
-{
-    struct ofopgroup *group = ofopgroup_create_unattached(ofproto);
-    if (ofconn) {
-        size_t request_len = ntohs(request->length);
-
-        ovs_assert(ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn) == ofproto);
-
-        ofconn_add_opgroup(ofconn, &group->ofconn_node);
-        group->ofconn = ofconn;
-        group->request = xmemdup(request, MIN(request_len, 64));
-        group->buffer_id = buffer_id;
-    }
-    return group;
-}
-
-/* Submits 'group' for processing.
- *
- * If 'group' contains no operations (e.g. none were ever added, or all of the
- * ones that were added completed synchronously), then it is destroyed
- * immediately.  Otherwise it is added to the ofproto's list of pending
- * groups. */
-static void
-ofopgroup_submit(struct ofopgroup *group)
-    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
-{
-    if (!group->n_running) {
-        ofopgroup_complete(group);
-    } else {
-        list_push_back(&group->ofproto->pending, &group->ofproto_node);
-        group->ofproto->n_pending++;
-    }
-}
-
-static void
-ofopgroup_complete(struct ofopgroup *group)
+static enum ofperr
+send_buffered_packet(struct ofconn *ofconn, uint32_t buffer_id,
+                     struct rule *rule)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct ofproto *ofproto = group->ofproto;
-
-    struct ofconn *abbrev_ofconn;
-    ovs_be32 abbrev_xid;
-
-    struct ofoperation *op, *next_op;
-    int error;
-
-    ovs_assert(!group->n_running);
-
-    error = 0;
-    LIST_FOR_EACH (op, group_node, &group->ops) {
-        if (op->error) {
-            error = op->error;
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (!error && group->ofconn && group->buffer_id != UINT32_MAX) {
-        LIST_FOR_EACH (op, group_node, &group->ops) {
-            if (op->type != OFOPERATION_DELETE) {
-                struct ofpbuf *packet;
-                ofp_port_t in_port;
-
-                error = ofconn_pktbuf_retrieve(group->ofconn, group->buffer_id,
-                                               &packet, &in_port);
-                if (packet) {
-                    struct rule_execute *re;
-
-                    ovs_assert(!error);
-
-                    ofproto_rule_ref(op->rule);
-
-                    re = xmalloc(sizeof *re);
-                    re->rule = op->rule;
-                    re->in_port = in_port;
-                    re->packet = packet;
-
-                    if (!guarded_list_push_back(&ofproto->rule_executes,
-                                                &re->list_node, 1024)) {
-                        ofproto_rule_unref(op->rule);
-                        ofpbuf_delete(re->packet);
-                        free(re);
-                    }
-                }
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    if (!error && !list_is_empty(&group->ofconn_node)) {
-        abbrev_ofconn = group->ofconn;
-        abbrev_xid = group->request->xid;
-    } else {
-        abbrev_ofconn = NULL;
-        abbrev_xid = htonl(0);
-    }
-    LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (op, next_op, group_node, &group->ops) {
-        struct rule *rule = op->rule;
-
-        /* We generally want to report the change to active OpenFlow flow
-           monitors (e.g. NXST_FLOW_MONITOR).  There are three exceptions:
-
-              - The operation failed.
-
-              - The affected rule is not visible to controllers.
-
-              - The operation's only effect was to update rule->modified. */
-        if (!(op->error
-              || ofproto_rule_is_hidden(rule)
-              || (op->type == OFOPERATION_MODIFY
-                  && op->actions
-                  && rule->flow_cookie == op->flow_cookie))) {
-            /* Check that we can just cast from ofoperation_type to
-             * nx_flow_update_event. */
-            enum nx_flow_update_event event_type;
+    enum ofperr error = 0;
+    if (ofconn && buffer_id != UINT32_MAX) {
+        struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
+        struct ofpbuf *packet;
+        ofp_port_t in_port;
 
-            switch (op->type) {
-            case OFOPERATION_ADD:
-            case OFOPERATION_REPLACE:
-                event_type = NXFME_ADDED;
-                break;
+        error = ofconn_pktbuf_retrieve(ofconn, buffer_id, &packet, &in_port);
+        if (packet) {
+            struct rule_execute *re;
 
-            case OFOPERATION_DELETE:
-                event_type = NXFME_DELETED;
-                break;
+            ofproto_rule_ref(rule);
 
-            case OFOPERATION_MODIFY:
-                event_type = NXFME_MODIFIED;
-                break;
-
-            default:
-                NOT_REACHED();
-            }
+            re = xmalloc(sizeof *re);
+            re->rule = rule;
+            re->in_port = in_port;
+            re->packet = packet;
 
-            ofmonitor_report(ofproto->connmgr, rule, event_type,
-                             op->reason, abbrev_ofconn, abbrev_xid);
-        }
-
-        rule->pending = NULL;
-
-        switch (op->type) {
-        case OFOPERATION_ADD:
-            if (!op->error) {
-                uint16_t vid_mask;
-
-                vid_mask = minimask_get_vid_mask(&rule->cr.match.mask);
-                if (vid_mask == VLAN_VID_MASK) {
-                    if (ofproto->vlan_bitmap) {
-                        uint16_t vid = miniflow_get_vid(&rule->cr.match.flow);
-                        if (!bitmap_is_set(ofproto->vlan_bitmap, vid)) {
-                            bitmap_set1(ofproto->vlan_bitmap, vid);
-                            ofproto->vlans_changed = true;
-                        }
-                    } else {
-                        ofproto->vlans_changed = true;
-                    }
-                }
-            } else {
-                oftable_remove_rule(rule);
+            if (!guarded_list_push_back(&ofproto->rule_executes,
+                                        &re->list_node, 1024)) {
                 ofproto_rule_unref(rule);
+                ofpbuf_delete(re->packet);
+                free(re);
             }
-            break;
-
-        case OFOPERATION_DELETE:
-            ovs_assert(!op->error);
-            ofproto_rule_unref(rule);
-            op->rule = NULL;
-            break;
-
-        case OFOPERATION_MODIFY:
-        case OFOPERATION_REPLACE:
-            if (!op->error) {
-                long long int now = time_msec();
-
-                rule->modified = now;
-                if (op->type == OFOPERATION_REPLACE) {
-                    rule->created = rule->used = now;
-                }
-            } else {
-                ofproto_rule_change_cookie(ofproto, rule, op->flow_cookie);
-                ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
-                rule->idle_timeout = op->idle_timeout;
-                rule->hard_timeout = op->hard_timeout;
-                ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
-                if (op->actions) {
-                    struct rule_actions *old_actions;
-
-                    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
-                    old_actions = rule->actions;
-                    rule->actions = op->actions;
-                    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
-
-                    op->actions = NULL;
-                    rule_actions_unref(old_actions);
-                }
-                rule->flags = op->flags;
-            }
-            break;
-
-        default:
-            NOT_REACHED();
-        }
-
-        ofoperation_destroy(op);
-    }
-
-    ofmonitor_flush(ofproto->connmgr);
-
-    if (!list_is_empty(&group->ofproto_node)) {
-        ovs_assert(ofproto->n_pending > 0);
-        ofproto->n_pending--;
-        list_remove(&group->ofproto_node);
-    }
-    if (!list_is_empty(&group->ofconn_node)) {
-        list_remove(&group->ofconn_node);
-        if (error) {
-            ofconn_send_error(group->ofconn, group->request, error);
         }
-        connmgr_retry(ofproto->connmgr);
-    }
-    free(group->request);
-    free(group);
-}
-
-/* Initiates a new operation on 'rule', of the specified 'type', within
- * 'group'.  Prior to calling, 'rule' must not have any pending operation.
- *
- * For a 'type' of OFOPERATION_DELETE, 'reason' should specify the reason that
- * the flow is being deleted.  For other 'type's, 'reason' is ignored (use 0).
- *
- * Returns the newly created ofoperation (which is also available as
- * rule->pending). */
-static struct ofoperation *
-ofoperation_create(struct ofopgroup *group, struct rule *rule,
-                   enum ofoperation_type type,
-                   enum ofp_flow_removed_reason reason)
-    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
-{
-    struct ofproto *ofproto = group->ofproto;
-    struct ofoperation *op;
-
-    ovs_assert(!rule->pending);
-
-    op = rule->pending = xzalloc(sizeof *op);
-    op->group = group;
-    list_push_back(&group->ops, &op->group_node);
-    op->rule = rule;
-    op->type = type;
-    op->reason = reason;
-    op->flow_cookie = rule->flow_cookie;
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
-    op->idle_timeout = rule->idle_timeout;
-    op->hard_timeout = rule->hard_timeout;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
-    op->flags = rule->flags;
-
-    group->n_running++;
-
-    if (type == OFOPERATION_DELETE) {
-        hmap_insert(&ofproto->deletions, &op->hmap_node,
-                    cls_rule_hash(&rule->cr, rule->table_id));
-    }
-
-    return op;
-}
-
-static void
-ofoperation_destroy(struct ofoperation *op)
-    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
-{
-    struct ofopgroup *group = op->group;
-
-    if (op->rule) {
-        op->rule->pending = NULL;
-    }
-    if (op->type == OFOPERATION_DELETE) {
-        hmap_remove(&group->ofproto->deletions, &op->hmap_node);
-    }
-    list_remove(&op->group_node);
-    rule_actions_unref(op->actions);
-    free(op);
-}
-
-/* Indicates that 'op' completed with status 'error', which is either 0 to
- * indicate success or an OpenFlow error code on failure.
- *
- * If 'error' is 0, indicating success, the operation will be committed
- * permanently to the flow table.
- *
- * If 'error' is nonzero, then generally the operation will be rolled back:
- *
- *   - If 'op' is an "add flow" operation, ofproto removes the new rule or
- *     restores the original rule.  The caller must have uninitialized any
- *     derived state in the new rule, as in step 5 of in the "Life Cycle" in
- *     ofproto/ofproto-provider.h.  ofoperation_complete() performs steps 6 and
- *     and 7 for the new rule, calling its ->rule_dealloc() function.
- *
- *   - If 'op' is a "modify flow" operation, ofproto restores the original
- *     actions.
- *
- *   - 'op' must not be a "delete flow" operation.  Removing a rule is not
- *     allowed to fail.  It must always succeed.
- *
- * Please see the large comment in ofproto/ofproto-provider.h titled
- * "Asynchronous Operation Support" for more information. */
-void
-ofoperation_complete(struct ofoperation *op, enum ofperr error)
-{
-    struct ofopgroup *group = op->group;
-
-    ovs_assert(group->n_running > 0);
-    ovs_assert(!error || op->type != OFOPERATION_DELETE);
-
-    op->error = error;
-    if (!--group->n_running && !list_is_empty(&group->ofproto_node)) {
-        /* This function can be called from ->rule_construct(), in which case
-         * ofproto_mutex is held, or it can be called from ->run(), in which
-         * case ofproto_mutex is not held.  But only in the latter case can we
-         * arrive here, so we can safely take ofproto_mutex now. */
-        ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
-        ovs_assert(op->rule->pending == op);
-        ofopgroup_complete(group);
-        ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
     }
+    return error;
 }
 \f
 static uint64_t
@@ -6382,24 +6108,6 @@ choose_rule_to_evict(struct oftable *table, struct rule **rulep)
 
     return false;
 }
-
-/* Searches 'ofproto' for tables that have more flows than their configured
- * maximum and that have flow eviction enabled, and evicts as many flows as
- * necessary and currently feasible from them.
- *
- * This triggers only when an OpenFlow table has N flows in it and then the
- * client configures a maximum number of flows less than N. */
-static void
-ofproto_evict(struct ofproto *ofproto)
-{
-    struct oftable *table;
-
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
-    OFPROTO_FOR_EACH_TABLE (table, ofproto) {
-        evict_rules_from_table(ofproto, table, 0);
-    }
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
-}
 \f
 /* Eviction groups. */
 
@@ -6527,26 +6235,34 @@ eviction_group_find(struct oftable *table, uint32_t id)
 
 /* Returns an eviction priority for 'rule'.  The return value should be
  * interpreted so that higher priorities make a rule more attractive candidates
- * for eviction. */
+ * for eviction.
+ * Called only if have a timeout. */
 static uint32_t
-rule_eviction_priority(struct rule *rule)
+rule_eviction_priority(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule)
     OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    long long int hard_expiration;
-    long long int idle_expiration;
-    long long int expiration;
+    long long int expiration = LLONG_MAX;
+    long long int modified;
     uint32_t expiration_offset;
 
-    /* Calculate time of expiration. */
+    /* 'modified' needs protection even when we hold 'ofproto_mutex'. */
     ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
-    hard_expiration = (rule->hard_timeout
-                       ? rule->modified + rule->hard_timeout * 1000
-                       : LLONG_MAX);
-    idle_expiration = (rule->idle_timeout
-                       ? rule->used + rule->idle_timeout * 1000
-                       : LLONG_MAX);
-    expiration = MIN(hard_expiration, idle_expiration);
+    modified = rule->modified;
     ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+
+    if (rule->hard_timeout) {
+        expiration = modified + rule->hard_timeout * 1000;
+    }
+    if (rule->idle_timeout) {
+        uint64_t packets, bytes;
+        long long int used;
+        long long int idle_expiration;
+
+        ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_get_stats(rule, &packets, &bytes, &used);
+        idle_expiration = used + rule->idle_timeout * 1000;
+        expiration = MIN(expiration, idle_expiration);
+    }
+
     if (expiration == LLONG_MAX) {
         return 0;
     }
@@ -6576,9 +6292,9 @@ eviction_group_add_rule(struct rule *rule)
     struct oftable *table = &ofproto->tables[rule->table_id];
     bool has_timeout;
 
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+    /* Timeouts may be modified only when holding 'ofproto_mutex'.  We have it
+     * so no additional protection is needed. */
     has_timeout = rule->hard_timeout || rule->idle_timeout;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
 
     if (table->eviction_fields && has_timeout) {
         struct eviction_group *evg;
@@ -6587,7 +6303,7 @@ eviction_group_add_rule(struct rule *rule)
 
         rule->eviction_group = evg;
         heap_insert(&evg->rules, &rule->evg_node,
-                    rule_eviction_priority(rule));
+                    rule_eviction_priority(ofproto, rule));
         eviction_group_resized(table, evg);
     }
 }
@@ -6599,8 +6315,17 @@ static void
 oftable_init(struct oftable *table)
 {
     memset(table, 0, sizeof *table);
-    classifier_init(&table->cls);
+    classifier_init(&table->cls, flow_segment_u32s);
     table->max_flows = UINT_MAX;
+    atomic_init(&table->config, (unsigned int)OFPROTO_TABLE_MISS_DEFAULT);
+
+    fat_rwlock_wrlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    classifier_set_prefix_fields(&table->cls, default_prefix_fields,
+                                 ARRAY_SIZE(default_prefix_fields));
+    fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+
+    atomic_init(&table->n_matched, 0);
+    atomic_init(&table->n_missed, 0);
 }
 
 /* Destroys 'table', including its classifier and eviction groups.
@@ -6609,9 +6334,9 @@ oftable_init(struct oftable *table)
 static void
 oftable_destroy(struct oftable *table)
 {
-    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     ovs_assert(classifier_is_empty(&table->cls));
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     oftable_disable_eviction(table);
     classifier_destroy(&table->cls);
     free(table->name);
@@ -6693,12 +6418,12 @@ oftable_enable_eviction(struct oftable *table,
     hmap_init(&table->eviction_groups_by_id);
     heap_init(&table->eviction_groups_by_size);
 
-    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, NULL);
     CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (rule, cr, &cursor) {
         eviction_group_add_rule(rule);
     }
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
 }
 
 /* Removes 'rule' from the oftable that contains it. */
@@ -6708,9 +6433,9 @@ oftable_remove_rule__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule)
 {
     struct classifier *cls = &ofproto->tables[rule->table_id].cls;
 
-    ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&cls->rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_wrlock(&cls->rwlock);
     classifier_remove(cls, CONST_CAST(struct cls_rule *, &rule->cr));
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&cls->rwlock);
+    fat_rwlock_unlock(&cls->rwlock);
 
     cookies_remove(ofproto, rule);
 
@@ -6730,38 +6455,6 @@ oftable_remove_rule(struct rule *rule)
 {
     oftable_remove_rule__(rule->ofproto, rule);
 }
-
-/* Inserts 'rule' into its oftable, which must not already contain any rule for
- * the same cls_rule. */
-static void
-oftable_insert_rule(struct rule *rule)
-    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
-{
-    struct ofproto *ofproto = rule->ofproto;
-    struct oftable *table = &ofproto->tables[rule->table_id];
-    bool may_expire;
-
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
-    may_expire = rule->hard_timeout || rule->idle_timeout;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
-
-    if (may_expire) {
-        list_insert(&ofproto->expirable, &rule->expirable);
-    }
-
-    cookies_insert(ofproto, rule);
-
-    if (rule->actions->provider_meter_id != UINT32_MAX) {
-        uint32_t meter_id = ofpacts_get_meter(rule->actions->ofpacts,
-                                              rule->actions->ofpacts_len);
-        struct meter *meter = ofproto->meters[meter_id];
-        list_insert(&meter->rules, &rule->meter_list_node);
-    }
-    ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
-    classifier_insert(&table->cls, CONST_CAST(struct cls_rule *, &rule->cr));
-    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
-    eviction_group_add_rule(rule);
-}
 \f
 /* unixctl commands. */
 
@@ -6819,29 +6512,36 @@ ofproto_unixctl_init(void)
 void
 ofproto_get_vlan_usage(struct ofproto *ofproto, unsigned long int *vlan_bitmap)
 {
+    struct match match;
+    struct cls_rule target;
     const struct oftable *oftable;
 
+    match_init_catchall(&match);
+    match_set_vlan_vid_masked(&match, htons(VLAN_CFI), htons(VLAN_CFI));
+    cls_rule_init(&target, &match, 0);
+
     free(ofproto->vlan_bitmap);
     ofproto->vlan_bitmap = bitmap_allocate(4096);
     ofproto->vlans_changed = false;
 
     OFPROTO_FOR_EACH_TABLE (oftable, ofproto) {
-        const struct cls_subtable *table;
+        struct cls_cursor cursor;
+        struct rule *rule;
 
-        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&oftable->cls.rwlock);
-        HMAP_FOR_EACH (table, hmap_node, &oftable->cls.subtables) {
-            if (minimask_get_vid_mask(&table->mask) == VLAN_VID_MASK) {
-                const struct cls_rule *rule;
+        fat_rwlock_rdlock(&oftable->cls.rwlock);
+        cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &oftable->cls, &target);
+        CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (rule, cr, &cursor) {
+            if (minimask_get_vid_mask(&rule->cr.match.mask) == VLAN_VID_MASK) {
+                uint16_t vid = miniflow_get_vid(&rule->cr.match.flow);
 
-                HMAP_FOR_EACH (rule, hmap_node, &table->rules) {
-                    uint16_t vid = miniflow_get_vid(&rule->match.flow);
-                    bitmap_set1(vlan_bitmap, vid);
-                    bitmap_set1(ofproto->vlan_bitmap, vid);
-                }
+                bitmap_set1(vlan_bitmap, vid);
+                bitmap_set1(ofproto->vlan_bitmap, vid);
             }
         }
-        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&oftable->cls.rwlock);
+        fat_rwlock_unlock(&oftable->cls.rwlock);
     }
+
+    cls_rule_destroy(&target);
 }
 
 /* Returns true if new VLANs have come into use by the flow table since the