Avoid printf type modifiers not supported by MSVC C runtime library.
[cascardo/ovs.git] / ofproto / ofproto.c
index 34298d4..c4ce8a2 100644 (file)
@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>
 #include <stdlib.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
 #include "bitmap.h"
 #include "byte-order.h"
 #include "classifier.h"
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@
 #include "random.h"
 #include "shash.h"
 #include "simap.h"
+#include "smap.h"
 #include "sset.h"
 #include "timeval.h"
 #include "unaligned.h"
 
 VLOG_DEFINE_THIS_MODULE(ofproto);
 
-COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_error);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_flush);
-COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_no_packet_in);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_packet_out);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_queue_req);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_recv_openflow);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_reinit_ports);
-COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_uninstallable);
 COVERAGE_DEFINE(ofproto_update_port);
 
 enum ofproto_state {
@@ -75,7 +74,8 @@ enum ofproto_state {
 enum ofoperation_type {
     OFOPERATION_ADD,
     OFOPERATION_DELETE,
-    OFOPERATION_MODIFY
+    OFOPERATION_MODIFY,
+    OFOPERATION_REPLACE
 };
 
 /* A single OpenFlow request can execute any number of operations.  The
@@ -120,19 +120,18 @@ struct ofoperation {
     struct rule *rule;          /* Rule being operated upon. */
     enum ofoperation_type type; /* Type of operation. */
 
-    /* OFOPERATION_ADD. */
-    struct rule *victim;        /* Rule being replaced, if any.. */
-
-    /* OFOPERATION_MODIFY: The old actions, if the actions are changing. */
-    struct ofpact *ofpacts;
-    size_t ofpacts_len;
-    uint32_t meter_id;
+    /* OFOPERATION_MODIFY, OFOPERATION_REPLACE: The old actions, if the actions
+     * are changing. */
+    struct rule_actions *actions;
 
     /* OFOPERATION_DELETE. */
     enum ofp_flow_removed_reason reason; /* Reason flow was removed. */
 
-    ovs_be64 flow_cookie;       /* Rule's old flow cookie. */
-    enum ofperr error;          /* 0 if no error. */
+    ovs_be64 flow_cookie;               /* Rule's old flow cookie. */
+    uint16_t idle_timeout;              /* Rule's old idle timeout. */
+    uint16_t hard_timeout;              /* Rule's old hard timeout. */
+    enum ofputil_flow_mod_flags flags;  /* Rule's old flags. */
+    enum ofperr error;                  /* 0 if no error. */
 };
 
 static struct ofoperation *ofoperation_create(struct ofopgroup *,
@@ -152,9 +151,10 @@ static void oftable_enable_eviction(struct oftable *,
                                     const struct mf_subfield *fields,
                                     size_t n_fields);
 
-static void oftable_remove_rule(struct rule *);
-static struct rule *oftable_replace_rule(struct rule *);
-static void oftable_substitute_rule(struct rule *old, struct rule *new);
+static void oftable_remove_rule(struct rule *rule) OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
+static void oftable_remove_rule__(struct ofproto *, struct rule *)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
+static void oftable_insert_rule(struct rule *);
 
 /* A set of rules within a single OpenFlow table (oftable) that have the same
  * values for the oftable's eviction_fields.  A rule to be evicted, when one is
@@ -178,18 +178,83 @@ struct eviction_group {
     struct heap rules;          /* Contains "struct rule"s. */
 };
 
-static struct rule *choose_rule_to_evict(struct oftable *);
-static void ofproto_evict(struct ofproto *);
+static bool choose_rule_to_evict(struct oftable *table, struct rule **rulep);
+static void ofproto_evict(struct ofproto *) OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex);
 static uint32_t rule_eviction_priority(struct rule *);
+static void eviction_group_add_rule(struct rule *);
+static void eviction_group_remove_rule(struct rule *);
+
+/* Criteria that flow_mod and other operations use for selecting rules on
+ * which to operate. */
+struct rule_criteria {
+    /* An OpenFlow table or 255 for all tables. */
+    uint8_t table_id;
+
+    /* OpenFlow matching criteria.  Interpreted different in "loose" way by
+     * collect_rules_loose() and "strict" way by collect_rules_strict(), as
+     * defined in the OpenFlow spec. */
+    struct cls_rule cr;
+
+    /* Matching criteria for the OpenFlow cookie.  Consider a bit B in a rule's
+     * cookie and the corresponding bits C in 'cookie' and M in 'cookie_mask'.
+     * The rule will not be selected if M is 1 and B != C.  */
+    ovs_be64 cookie;
+    ovs_be64 cookie_mask;
+
+    /* Selection based on actions within a rule:
+     *
+     * If out_port != OFPP_ANY, selects only rules that output to out_port.
+     * If out_group != OFPG_ALL, select only rules that output to out_group. */
+    ofp_port_t out_port;
+    uint32_t out_group;
+};
+
+static void rule_criteria_init(struct rule_criteria *, uint8_t table_id,
+                               const struct match *match,
+                               unsigned int priority,
+                               ovs_be64 cookie, ovs_be64 cookie_mask,
+                               ofp_port_t out_port, uint32_t out_group);
+static void rule_criteria_destroy(struct rule_criteria *);
+
+/* A packet that needs to be passed to rule_execute().
+ *
+ * (We can't do this immediately from ofopgroup_complete() because that holds
+ * ofproto_mutex, which rule_execute() needs released.) */
+struct rule_execute {
+    struct list list_node;      /* In struct ofproto's "rule_executes" list. */
+    struct rule *rule;          /* Owns a reference to the rule. */
+    ofp_port_t in_port;
+    struct ofpbuf *packet;      /* Owns the packet. */
+};
+
+static void run_rule_executes(struct ofproto *) OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex);
+static void destroy_rule_executes(struct ofproto *);
 
 /* ofport. */
-static void ofport_destroy__(struct ofport *);
+static void ofport_destroy__(struct ofport *) OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex);
 static void ofport_destroy(struct ofport *);
 
 static void update_port(struct ofproto *, const char *devname);
 static int init_ports(struct ofproto *);
 static void reinit_ports(struct ofproto *);
 
+static long long int ofport_get_usage(const struct ofproto *,
+                                      ofp_port_t ofp_port);
+static void ofport_set_usage(struct ofproto *, ofp_port_t ofp_port,
+                             long long int last_used);
+static void ofport_remove_usage(struct ofproto *, ofp_port_t ofp_port);
+
+/* Ofport usage.
+ *
+ * Keeps track of the currently used and recently used ofport values and is
+ * used to prevent immediate recycling of ofport values. */
+struct ofport_usage {
+    struct hmap_node hmap_node; /* In struct ofproto's "ofport_usage" hmap. */
+    ofp_port_t ofp_port;        /* OpenFlow port number. */
+    long long int last_used;    /* Last time the 'ofp_port' was used. LLONG_MAX
+                                   represents in-use ofports. */
+};
+
 /* rule. */
 static void ofproto_rule_destroy__(struct rule *);
 static void ofproto_rule_send_removed(struct rule *, uint8_t reason);
@@ -199,12 +264,25 @@ static bool rule_is_modifiable(const struct rule *);
 static enum ofperr add_flow(struct ofproto *, struct ofconn *,
                             struct ofputil_flow_mod *,
                             const struct ofp_header *);
-static void delete_flow__(struct rule *, struct ofopgroup *,
-                          enum ofp_flow_removed_reason);
+static enum ofperr modify_flows__(struct ofproto *, struct ofconn *,
+                                  struct ofputil_flow_mod *,
+                                  const struct ofp_header *,
+                                  const struct rule_collection *);
+static void delete_flow__(struct rule *rule, struct ofopgroup *,
+                          enum ofp_flow_removed_reason)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex);
+static bool ofproto_group_exists__(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
+                                   uint32_t group_id)
+    OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+static bool ofproto_group_exists(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
+                                 uint32_t group_id)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+static enum ofperr add_group(struct ofproto *, struct ofputil_group_mod *);
 static bool handle_openflow(struct ofconn *, const struct ofpbuf *);
 static enum ofperr handle_flow_mod__(struct ofproto *, struct ofconn *,
                                      struct ofputil_flow_mod *,
-                                     const struct ofp_header *);
+                                     const struct ofp_header *)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex);
 static void calc_duration(long long int start, long long int now,
                           uint32_t *sec, uint32_t *nsec);
 
@@ -223,7 +301,11 @@ static const struct ofproto_class **ofproto_classes;
 static size_t n_ofproto_classes;
 static size_t allocated_ofproto_classes;
 
+/* Global lock that protects all flow table operations. */
+struct ovs_mutex ofproto_mutex = OVS_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
+
 unsigned flow_eviction_threshold = OFPROTO_FLOW_EVICTION_THRESHOLD_DEFAULT;
+unsigned n_handler_threads;
 enum ofproto_flow_miss_model flow_miss_model = OFPROTO_HANDLE_MISS_AUTO;
 
 /* Map from datapath name to struct ofproto, for use by unixctl commands. */
@@ -376,7 +458,7 @@ ofproto_enumerate_names(const char *type, struct sset *names)
 {
     const struct ofproto_class *class = ofproto_class_find__(type);
     return class ? class->enumerate_names(type, names) : EAFNOSUPPORT;
- }
+}
 
 int
 ofproto_create(const char *datapath_name, const char *datapath_type,
@@ -407,6 +489,7 @@ ofproto_create(const char *datapath_name, const char *datapath_type,
     }
 
     /* Initialize. */
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
     memset(ofproto, 0, sizeof *ofproto);
     ofproto->ofproto_class = class;
     ofproto->name = xstrdup(datapath_name);
@@ -423,9 +506,11 @@ ofproto_create(const char *datapath_name, const char *datapath_type,
     ofproto->dp_desc = NULL;
     ofproto->frag_handling = OFPC_FRAG_NORMAL;
     hmap_init(&ofproto->ports);
+    hmap_init(&ofproto->ofport_usage);
     shash_init(&ofproto->port_by_name);
     simap_init(&ofproto->ofp_requests);
-    ofproto->max_ports = OFPP_MAX;
+    ofproto->max_ports = ofp_to_u16(OFPP_MAX);
+    ofproto->eviction_group_timer = LLONG_MIN;
     ofproto->tables = NULL;
     ofproto->n_tables = 0;
     hindex_init(&ofproto->cookies);
@@ -435,6 +520,7 @@ ofproto_create(const char *datapath_name, const char *datapath_type,
     list_init(&ofproto->pending);
     ofproto->n_pending = 0;
     hmap_init(&ofproto->deletions);
+    guarded_list_init(&ofproto->rule_executes);
     ofproto->n_add = ofproto->n_delete = ofproto->n_modify = 0;
     ofproto->first_op = ofproto->last_op = LLONG_MIN;
     ofproto->next_op_report = LLONG_MAX;
@@ -442,6 +528,33 @@ ofproto_create(const char *datapath_name, const char *datapath_type,
     ofproto->vlan_bitmap = NULL;
     ofproto->vlans_changed = false;
     ofproto->min_mtu = INT_MAX;
+    ovs_rwlock_init(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    hmap_init(&ofproto->groups);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
+    ofproto->ogf.capabilities = OFPGFC_CHAINING | OFPGFC_SELECT_LIVENESS |
+                                OFPGFC_SELECT_WEIGHT;
+    ofproto->ogf.max_groups[OFPGT11_ALL] = OFPG_MAX;
+    ofproto->ogf.max_groups[OFPGT11_SELECT] = OFPG_MAX;
+    ofproto->ogf.max_groups[OFPGT11_INDIRECT] = OFPG_MAX;
+    ofproto->ogf.max_groups[OFPGT11_FF] = OFPG_MAX;
+    ofproto->ogf.actions[0] =
+        (1 << OFPAT11_OUTPUT) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_COPY_TTL_OUT) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_COPY_TTL_IN) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_SET_MPLS_TTL) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_DEC_MPLS_TTL) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_PUSH_VLAN) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_POP_VLAN) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_PUSH_MPLS) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_POP_MPLS) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_SET_QUEUE) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_GROUP) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_SET_NW_TTL) |
+        (1 << OFPAT11_DEC_NW_TTL) |
+        (1 << OFPAT12_SET_FIELD);
+/* not supported:
+ *      (1 << OFPAT13_PUSH_PBB) |
+ *      (1 << OFPAT13_POP_PBB) */
 
     error = ofproto->ofproto_class->construct(ofproto);
     if (error) {
@@ -451,11 +564,6 @@ ofproto_create(const char *datapath_name, const char *datapath_type,
         return error;
     }
 
-    /* The "max_ports" member should have been set by ->construct(ofproto).
-     * Port 0 is not a valid OpenFlow port, so mark that as unavailable. */
-    ofproto->ofp_port_ids = bitmap_allocate(ofp_to_u16(ofproto->max_ports));
-    bitmap_set1(ofproto->ofp_port_ids, 0);
-
     /* Check that hidden tables, if any, are at the end. */
     ovs_assert(ofproto->n_tables);
     for (i = 0; i + 1 < ofproto->n_tables; i++) {
@@ -512,9 +620,9 @@ ofproto_init_tables(struct ofproto *ofproto, int n_tables)
  * Reserved ports numbered OFPP_MAX and higher are special and not subject to
  * the 'max_ports' restriction. */
 void
-ofproto_init_max_ports(struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t max_ports)
+ofproto_init_max_ports(struct ofproto *ofproto, uint16_t max_ports)
 {
-    ovs_assert(ofp_to_u16(max_ports) <= ofp_to_u16(OFPP_MAX));
+    ovs_assert(max_ports <= ofp_to_u16(OFPP_MAX));
     ofproto->max_ports = max_ports;
 }
 
@@ -622,6 +730,19 @@ ofproto_set_mac_table_config(struct ofproto *ofproto, unsigned idle_time,
     }
 }
 
+/* Sets number of upcall handler threads.  The default is
+ * (number of online cores - 2). */
+void
+ofproto_set_n_handler_threads(unsigned limit)
+{
+    if (limit) {
+        n_handler_threads = limit;
+    } else {
+        int n_proc = sysconf(_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN);
+        n_handler_threads = n_proc > 2 ? n_proc - 2 : 1;
+    }
+}
+
 void
 ofproto_set_dp_desc(struct ofproto *p, const char *dp_desc)
 {
@@ -1017,6 +1138,7 @@ ofproto_configure_table(struct ofproto *ofproto, int table_id,
     }
 
     table->max_flows = s->max_flows;
+    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     if (classifier_count(&table->cls) > table->max_flows
         && table->eviction_fields) {
         /* 'table' contains more flows than allowed.  We might not be able to
@@ -1032,6 +1154,7 @@ ofproto_configure_table(struct ofproto *ofproto, int table_id,
             break;
         }
     }
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
 }
 \f
 bool
@@ -1047,16 +1170,57 @@ ofproto_get_snoops(const struct ofproto *ofproto, struct sset *snoops)
 }
 
 static void
-ofproto_flush__(struct ofproto *ofproto)
+ofproto_rule_delete__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule,
+                      uint8_t reason)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    struct ofopgroup *group;
+
+    ovs_assert(!rule->pending);
+
+    group = ofopgroup_create_unattached(ofproto);
+    delete_flow__(rule, group, reason);
+    ofopgroup_submit(group);
+}
+
+/* Deletes 'rule' from 'cls' within 'ofproto'.
+ *
+ * Within an ofproto implementation, this function allows an ofproto
+ * implementation to destroy any rules that remain when its ->destruct()
+ * function is called.  This function is not suitable for use elsewhere in an
+ * ofproto implementation.
+ *
+ * This function implements steps 4.4 and 4.5 in the section titled "Rule Life
+ * Cycle" in ofproto-provider.h. */
+void
+ofproto_rule_delete(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofopgroup *group;
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
+    ovs_assert(!rule->pending);
+
+    group = ofopgroup_create_unattached(ofproto);
+    ofoperation_create(group, rule, OFOPERATION_DELETE, OFPRR_DELETE);
+    oftable_remove_rule__(ofproto, rule);
+    ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_delete(rule);
+    ofopgroup_submit(group);
+
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
+}
+
+static void
+ofproto_flush__(struct ofproto *ofproto)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
+{
     struct oftable *table;
 
     if (ofproto->ofproto_class->flush) {
         ofproto->ofproto_class->flush(ofproto);
     }
 
-    group = ofopgroup_create_unattached(ofproto);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
     OFPROTO_FOR_EACH_TABLE (table, ofproto) {
         struct rule *rule, *next_rule;
         struct cls_cursor cursor;
@@ -1065,31 +1229,34 @@ ofproto_flush__(struct ofproto *ofproto)
             continue;
         }
 
+        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, NULL);
+        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH_SAFE (rule, next_rule, cr, &cursor) {
             if (!rule->pending) {
-                ofoperation_create(group, rule, OFOPERATION_DELETE,
-                                   OFPRR_DELETE);
-                oftable_remove_rule(rule);
-                ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_destruct(rule);
+                ofproto_rule_delete__(ofproto, rule, OFPRR_DELETE);
             }
         }
     }
-    ofopgroup_submit(group);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
 }
 
+static void delete_group(struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t group_id);
+
 static void
 ofproto_destroy__(struct ofproto *ofproto)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct oftable *table;
 
     ovs_assert(list_is_empty(&ofproto->pending));
-    ovs_assert(!ofproto->n_pending);
 
-    if (ofproto->meters) {
-        meter_delete(ofproto, 1, ofproto->meter_features.max_meters);
-        free(ofproto->meters);
-    }
+    destroy_rule_executes(ofproto);
+    guarded_list_destroy(&ofproto->rule_executes);
+
+    delete_group(ofproto, OFPG_ALL);
+    ovs_rwlock_destroy(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    hmap_destroy(&ofproto->groups);
 
     connmgr_destroy(ofproto->connmgr);
 
@@ -1102,8 +1269,8 @@ ofproto_destroy__(struct ofproto *ofproto)
     free(ofproto->serial_desc);
     free(ofproto->dp_desc);
     hmap_destroy(&ofproto->ports);
+    hmap_destroy(&ofproto->ofport_usage);
     shash_destroy(&ofproto->port_by_name);
-    bitmap_free(ofproto->ofp_port_ids);
     simap_destroy(&ofproto->ofp_requests);
 
     OFPROTO_FOR_EACH_TABLE (table, ofproto) {
@@ -1120,18 +1287,32 @@ ofproto_destroy__(struct ofproto *ofproto)
 
 void
 ofproto_destroy(struct ofproto *p)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofport *ofport, *next_ofport;
+    struct ofport_usage *usage, *next_usage;
 
     if (!p) {
         return;
     }
 
+    if (p->meters) {
+        meter_delete(p, 1, p->meter_features.max_meters);
+        p->meter_features.max_meters = 0;
+        free(p->meters);
+        p->meters = NULL;
+    }
+
     ofproto_flush__(p);
     HMAP_FOR_EACH_SAFE (ofport, next_ofport, hmap_node, &p->ports) {
         ofport_destroy(ofport);
     }
 
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH_SAFE (usage, next_usage, hmap_node, &p->ofport_usage) {
+        hmap_remove(&p->ofport_usage, &usage->hmap_node);
+        free(usage);
+    }
+
     p->ofproto_class->destruct(p);
     ofproto_destroy__(p);
 }
@@ -1209,6 +1390,19 @@ ofproto_type_wait(const char *datapath_type)
     }
 }
 
+static bool
+any_pending_ops(const struct ofproto *p)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    bool b;
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
+    b = !list_is_empty(&p->pending);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
+
+    return b;
+}
+
 int
 ofproto_run(struct ofproto *p)
 {
@@ -1222,6 +1416,42 @@ ofproto_run(struct ofproto *p)
         VLOG_ERR_RL(&rl, "%s: run failed (%s)", p->name, ovs_strerror(error));
     }
 
+    run_rule_executes(p);
+
+    /* Restore the eviction group heap invariant occasionally. */
+    if (p->eviction_group_timer < time_msec()) {
+        size_t i;
+
+        p->eviction_group_timer = time_msec() + 1000;
+
+        for (i = 0; i < p->n_tables; i++) {
+            struct oftable *table = &p->tables[i];
+            struct eviction_group *evg;
+            struct cls_cursor cursor;
+            struct rule *rule;
+
+            if (!table->eviction_fields) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
+            HEAP_FOR_EACH (evg, size_node, &table->eviction_groups_by_size) {
+                heap_rebuild(&evg->rules);
+            }
+
+            ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+            cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, NULL);
+            CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (rule, cr, &cursor) {
+                if (!rule->eviction_group
+                    && (rule->idle_timeout || rule->hard_timeout)) {
+                    eviction_group_add_rule(rule);
+                }
+            }
+            ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+            ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
+        }
+    }
+
     if (p->ofproto_class->port_poll) {
         char *devname;
 
@@ -1257,7 +1487,7 @@ ofproto_run(struct ofproto *p)
     case S_EVICT:
         connmgr_run(p->connmgr, NULL);
         ofproto_evict(p);
-        if (list_is_empty(&p->pending) && hmap_is_empty(&p->deletions)) {
+        if (!any_pending_ops(p)) {
             p->state = S_OPENFLOW;
         }
         break;
@@ -1265,7 +1495,7 @@ ofproto_run(struct ofproto *p)
     case S_FLUSH:
         connmgr_run(p->connmgr, NULL);
         ofproto_flush__(p);
-        if (list_is_empty(&p->pending) && hmap_is_empty(&p->deletions)) {
+        if (!any_pending_ops(p)) {
             connmgr_flushed(p->connmgr);
             p->state = S_OPENFLOW;
         }
@@ -1358,7 +1588,7 @@ ofproto_wait(struct ofproto *p)
     case S_EVICT:
     case S_FLUSH:
         connmgr_wait(p->connmgr, false);
-        if (list_is_empty(&p->pending) && hmap_is_empty(&p->deletions)) {
+        if (!any_pending_ops(p)) {
             poll_immediate_wake();
         }
         break;
@@ -1380,12 +1610,17 @@ ofproto_get_memory_usage(const struct ofproto *ofproto, struct simap *usage)
     unsigned int n_rules;
 
     simap_increase(usage, "ports", hmap_count(&ofproto->ports));
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
     simap_increase(usage, "ops",
                    ofproto->n_pending + hmap_count(&ofproto->deletions));
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
 
     n_rules = 0;
     OFPROTO_FOR_EACH_TABLE (table, ofproto) {
+        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         n_rules += classifier_count(&table->cls);
+        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     }
     simap_increase(usage, "rules", n_rules);
 
@@ -1537,12 +1772,18 @@ ofproto_port_add(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct netdev *netdev,
         update_port(ofproto, netdev_name);
     }
     if (ofp_portp) {
-        struct ofproto_port ofproto_port;
-
-        ofproto_port_query_by_name(ofproto, netdev_get_name(netdev),
-                                   &ofproto_port);
-        *ofp_portp = error ? OFPP_NONE : ofproto_port.ofp_port;
-        ofproto_port_destroy(&ofproto_port);
+        *ofp_portp = OFPP_NONE;
+        if (!error) {
+            struct ofproto_port ofproto_port;
+
+            error = ofproto_port_query_by_name(ofproto,
+                                               netdev_get_name(netdev),
+                                               &ofproto_port);
+            if (!error) {
+                *ofp_portp = ofproto_port.ofp_port;
+                ofproto_port_destroy(&ofproto_port);
+            }
+        }
     }
     return error;
 }
@@ -1594,6 +1835,43 @@ ofproto_port_del(struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port)
     return error;
 }
 
+static void
+flow_mod_init(struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
+              const struct match *match, unsigned int priority,
+              const struct ofpact *ofpacts, size_t ofpacts_len,
+              enum ofp_flow_mod_command command)
+{
+    memset(fm, 0, sizeof *fm);
+    fm->match = *match;
+    fm->priority = priority;
+    fm->cookie = 0;
+    fm->new_cookie = 0;
+    fm->modify_cookie = false;
+    fm->table_id = 0;
+    fm->command = command;
+    fm->idle_timeout = 0;
+    fm->hard_timeout = 0;
+    fm->buffer_id = UINT32_MAX;
+    fm->out_port = OFPP_ANY;
+    fm->out_group = OFPG_ANY;
+    fm->flags = 0;
+    fm->ofpacts = CONST_CAST(struct ofpact *, ofpacts);
+    fm->ofpacts_len = ofpacts_len;
+}
+
+static int
+simple_flow_mod(struct ofproto *ofproto,
+                const struct match *match, unsigned int priority,
+                const struct ofpact *ofpacts, size_t ofpacts_len,
+                enum ofp_flow_mod_command command)
+{
+    struct ofputil_flow_mod fm;
+
+    flow_mod_init(&fm, match, priority, ofpacts, ofpacts_len, command);
+
+    return handle_flow_mod__(ofproto, NULL, &fm, NULL);
+}
+
 /* Adds a flow to OpenFlow flow table 0 in 'p' that matches 'cls_rule' and
  * performs the 'n_actions' actions in 'actions'.  The new flow will not
  * timeout.
@@ -1609,23 +1887,34 @@ void
 ofproto_add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, const struct match *match,
                  unsigned int priority,
                  const struct ofpact *ofpacts, size_t ofpacts_len)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     const struct rule *rule;
+    bool must_add;
 
+    /* First do a cheap check whether the rule we're looking for already exists
+     * with the actions that we want.  If it does, then we're done. */
+    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&ofproto->tables[0].cls.rwlock);
     rule = rule_from_cls_rule(classifier_find_match_exactly(
                                   &ofproto->tables[0].cls, match, priority));
-    if (!rule || !ofpacts_equal(rule->ofpacts, rule->ofpacts_len,
-                                ofpacts, ofpacts_len)) {
-        struct ofputil_flow_mod fm;
+    if (rule) {
+        ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+        must_add = !ofpacts_equal(rule->actions->ofpacts,
+                                  rule->actions->ofpacts_len,
+                                  ofpacts, ofpacts_len);
+        ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+    } else {
+        must_add = true;
+    }
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->tables[0].cls.rwlock);
 
-        memset(&fm, 0, sizeof fm);
-        fm.match = *match;
-        fm.priority = priority;
-        fm.buffer_id = UINT32_MAX;
-        fm.ofpacts = xmemdup(ofpacts, ofpacts_len);
-        fm.ofpacts_len = ofpacts_len;
-        add_flow(ofproto, NULL, &fm, NULL);
-        free(fm.ofpacts);
+    /* If there's no such rule or the rule doesn't have the actions we want,
+     * fall back to a executing a full flow mod.  We can't optimize this at
+     * all because we didn't take enough locks above to ensure that the flow
+     * table didn't already change beneath us.  */
+    if (must_add) {
+        simple_flow_mod(ofproto, match, priority, ofpacts, ofpacts_len,
+                        OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT);
     }
 }
 
@@ -1633,9 +1922,11 @@ ofproto_add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, const struct match *match,
  * OFPERR_* OpenFlow error code on failure, or OFPROTO_POSTPONE if the
  * operation cannot be initiated now but may be retried later.
  *
- * This is a helper function for in-band control and fail-open. */
+ * This is a helper function for in-band control and fail-open and the "learn"
+ * action. */
 int
 ofproto_flow_mod(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     return handle_flow_mod__(ofproto, NULL, fm, NULL);
 }
@@ -1647,28 +1938,26 @@ ofproto_flow_mod(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm)
 bool
 ofproto_delete_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto,
                     const struct match *target, unsigned int priority)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
+    struct classifier *cls = &ofproto->tables[0].cls;
     struct rule *rule;
 
-    rule = rule_from_cls_rule(classifier_find_match_exactly(
-                                  &ofproto->tables[0].cls, target, priority));
+    /* First do a cheap check whether the rule we're looking for has already
+     * been deleted.  If so, then we're done. */
+    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&cls->rwlock);
+    rule = rule_from_cls_rule(classifier_find_match_exactly(cls, target,
+                                                            priority));
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&cls->rwlock);
     if (!rule) {
-        /* No such rule -> success. */
-        return true;
-    } else if (rule->pending) {
-        /* An operation on the rule is already pending -> failure.
-         * Caller must retry later if it's important. */
-        return false;
-    } else {
-        /* Initiate deletion -> success. */
-        struct ofopgroup *group = ofopgroup_create_unattached(ofproto);
-        ofoperation_create(group, rule, OFOPERATION_DELETE, OFPRR_DELETE);
-        oftable_remove_rule(rule);
-        ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_destruct(rule);
-        ofopgroup_submit(group);
         return true;
     }
 
+    /* Fall back to a executing a full flow mod.  We can't optimize this at all
+     * because we didn't take enough locks above to ensure that the flow table
+     * didn't already change beneath us.  */
+    return simple_flow_mod(ofproto, target, priority, NULL, 0,
+                           OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT) != OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
 }
 
 /* Starts the process of deleting all of the flows from all of ofproto's flow
@@ -1709,45 +1998,62 @@ reinit_ports(struct ofproto *p)
 static ofp_port_t
 alloc_ofp_port(struct ofproto *ofproto, const char *netdev_name)
 {
-    uint16_t max_ports = ofp_to_u16(ofproto->max_ports);
     uint16_t port_idx;
 
     port_idx = simap_get(&ofproto->ofp_requests, netdev_name);
-    if (!port_idx) {
-        port_idx = UINT16_MAX;
-    }
+    port_idx = port_idx ? port_idx : UINT16_MAX;
 
-    if (port_idx >= max_ports
-        || bitmap_is_set(ofproto->ofp_port_ids, port_idx)) {
-        uint16_t end_port_no = ofp_to_u16(ofproto->alloc_port_no);
-        uint16_t alloc_port_no = end_port_no;
+    if (port_idx >= ofproto->max_ports
+        || ofport_get_usage(ofproto, u16_to_ofp(port_idx)) == LLONG_MAX) {
+        uint16_t lru_ofport = 0, end_port_no = ofproto->alloc_port_no;
+        long long int last_used_at, lru = LLONG_MAX;
 
         /* Search for a free OpenFlow port number.  We try not to
          * immediately reuse them to prevent problems due to old
-         * flows. */
+         * flows.
+         *
+         * We limit the automatically assigned port numbers to the lower half
+         * of the port range, to reserve the upper half for assignment by
+         * controllers. */
         for (;;) {
-            if (++alloc_port_no >= max_ports) {
-                alloc_port_no = 0;
+            if (++ofproto->alloc_port_no >= MIN(ofproto->max_ports, 32768)) {
+                ofproto->alloc_port_no = 1;
             }
-            if (!bitmap_is_set(ofproto->ofp_port_ids, alloc_port_no)) {
-                port_idx = alloc_port_no;
-                ofproto->alloc_port_no = u16_to_ofp(alloc_port_no);
+            last_used_at = ofport_get_usage(ofproto,
+                                         u16_to_ofp(ofproto->alloc_port_no));
+            if (!last_used_at) {
+                port_idx = ofproto->alloc_port_no;
                 break;
+            } else if ( last_used_at < time_msec() - 60*60*1000) {
+                /* If the port with ofport 'ofproto->alloc_port_no' was deleted
+                 * more than an hour ago, consider it usable. */
+                ofport_remove_usage(ofproto,
+                    u16_to_ofp(ofproto->alloc_port_no));
+                port_idx = ofproto->alloc_port_no;
+                break;
+            } else if (last_used_at < lru) {
+                lru = last_used_at;
+                lru_ofport = ofproto->alloc_port_no;
             }
-            if (alloc_port_no == end_port_no) {
+
+            if (ofproto->alloc_port_no == end_port_no) {
+                if (lru_ofport) {
+                    port_idx = lru_ofport;
+                    break;
+                }
                 return OFPP_NONE;
             }
         }
     }
-    bitmap_set1(ofproto->ofp_port_ids, port_idx);
+    ofport_set_usage(ofproto, u16_to_ofp(port_idx), LLONG_MAX);
     return u16_to_ofp(port_idx);
 }
 
 static void
-dealloc_ofp_port(const struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port)
+dealloc_ofp_port(struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port)
 {
-    if (ofp_to_u16(ofp_port) < ofp_to_u16(ofproto->max_ports)) {
-        bitmap_set0(ofproto->ofp_port_ids, ofp_to_u16(ofp_port));
+    if (ofp_to_u16(ofp_port) < ofproto->max_ports) {
+        ofport_set_usage(ofproto, ofp_port, time_msec());
     }
 }
 
@@ -1789,8 +2095,8 @@ ofport_open(struct ofproto *ofproto,
     pp->state = netdev_get_carrier(netdev) ? 0 : OFPUTIL_PS_LINK_DOWN;
     netdev_get_features(netdev, &pp->curr, &pp->advertised,
                         &pp->supported, &pp->peer);
-    pp->curr_speed = netdev_features_to_bps(pp->curr, 0);
-    pp->max_speed = netdev_features_to_bps(pp->supported, 0);
+    pp->curr_speed = netdev_features_to_bps(pp->curr, 0) / 1000;
+    pp->max_speed = netdev_features_to_bps(pp->supported, 0) / 1000;
 
     return netdev;
 }
@@ -1972,6 +2278,55 @@ ofproto_get_port(const struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port)
     return NULL;
 }
 
+static long long int
+ofport_get_usage(const struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port)
+{
+    struct ofport_usage *usage;
+
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH_IN_BUCKET (usage, hmap_node, hash_ofp_port(ofp_port),
+                             &ofproto->ofport_usage) {
+        if (usage->ofp_port == ofp_port) {
+            return usage->last_used;
+        }
+    }
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static void
+ofport_set_usage(struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port,
+                 long long int last_used)
+{
+    struct ofport_usage *usage;
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH_IN_BUCKET (usage, hmap_node, hash_ofp_port(ofp_port),
+                             &ofproto->ofport_usage) {
+        if (usage->ofp_port == ofp_port) {
+            usage->last_used = last_used;
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+    ovs_assert(last_used == LLONG_MAX);
+
+    usage = xmalloc(sizeof *usage);
+    usage->ofp_port = ofp_port;
+    usage->last_used = last_used;
+    hmap_insert(&ofproto->ofport_usage, &usage->hmap_node,
+                hash_ofp_port(ofp_port));
+}
+
+static void
+ofport_remove_usage(struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port)
+{
+    struct ofport_usage *usage;
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH_IN_BUCKET (usage, hmap_node, hash_ofp_port(ofp_port),
+                             &ofproto->ofport_usage) {
+        if (usage->ofp_port == ofp_port) {
+            hmap_remove(&ofproto->ofport_usage, &usage->hmap_node);
+            free(usage);
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 int
 ofproto_port_get_stats(const struct ofport *port, struct netdev_stats *stats)
 {
@@ -2070,6 +2425,10 @@ init_ports(struct ofproto *p)
             netdev = ofport_open(p, &ofproto_port, &pp);
             if (netdev) {
                 ofport_install(p, netdev, &pp);
+                if (ofp_to_u16(ofproto_port.ofp_port) < p->max_ports) {
+                    p->alloc_port_no = MAX(p->alloc_port_no,
+                                           ofp_to_u16(ofproto_port.ofp_port));
+                }
             }
         }
     }
@@ -2159,46 +2518,142 @@ update_mtu(struct ofproto *p, struct ofport *port)
     }
 }
 \f
+void
+ofproto_rule_ref(struct rule *rule)
+{
+    if (rule) {
+        unsigned int orig;
+
+        atomic_add(&rule->ref_count, 1, &orig);
+        ovs_assert(orig != 0);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+ofproto_rule_unref(struct rule *rule)
+{
+    if (rule) {
+        unsigned int orig;
+
+        atomic_sub(&rule->ref_count, 1, &orig);
+        if (orig == 1) {
+            rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_destruct(rule);
+            ofproto_rule_destroy__(rule);
+        } else {
+            ovs_assert(orig != 0);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct rule_actions *
+rule_get_actions(const struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(rule->mutex)
+{
+    struct rule_actions *actions;
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+    actions = rule_get_actions__(rule);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+
+    return actions;
+}
+
+struct rule_actions *
+rule_get_actions__(const struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(rule->mutex)
+{
+    rule_actions_ref(rule->actions);
+    return rule->actions;
+}
+
 static void
 ofproto_rule_destroy__(struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS
 {
-    if (rule) {
-        cls_rule_destroy(&rule->cr);
-        free(rule->ofpacts);
-        ovs_mutex_destroy(&rule->timeout_mutex);
-        rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_dealloc(rule);
+    cls_rule_destroy(CONST_CAST(struct cls_rule *, &rule->cr));
+    rule_actions_unref(rule->actions);
+    ovs_mutex_destroy(&rule->mutex);
+    rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_dealloc(rule);
+}
+
+static uint32_t get_provider_meter_id(const struct ofproto *,
+                                      uint32_t of_meter_id);
+
+/* Creates and returns a new 'struct rule_actions', with a ref_count of 1,
+ * whose actions are a copy of from the 'ofpacts_len' bytes of 'ofpacts'. */
+struct rule_actions *
+rule_actions_create(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
+                    const struct ofpact *ofpacts, size_t ofpacts_len)
+{
+    struct rule_actions *actions;
+
+    actions = xmalloc(sizeof *actions);
+    atomic_init(&actions->ref_count, 1);
+    actions->ofpacts = xmemdup(ofpacts, ofpacts_len);
+    actions->ofpacts_len = ofpacts_len;
+    actions->provider_meter_id
+        = get_provider_meter_id(ofproto,
+                                ofpacts_get_meter(ofpacts, ofpacts_len));
+
+    return actions;
+}
+
+/* Increments 'actions''s ref_count. */
+void
+rule_actions_ref(struct rule_actions *actions)
+{
+    if (actions) {
+        unsigned int orig;
+
+        atomic_add(&actions->ref_count, 1, &orig);
+        ovs_assert(orig != 0);
     }
 }
 
-/* This function allows an ofproto implementation to destroy any rules that
- * remain when its ->destruct() function is called.  The caller must have
- * already uninitialized any derived members of 'rule' (step 5 described in the
- * large comment in ofproto/ofproto-provider.h titled "Life Cycle").
- * This function implements steps 6 and 7.
- *
- * This function should only be called from an ofproto implementation's
- * ->destruct() function.  It is not suitable elsewhere. */
+/* Decrements 'actions''s ref_count and frees 'actions' if the ref_count
+ * reaches 0. */
 void
-ofproto_rule_destroy(struct rule *rule)
+rule_actions_unref(struct rule_actions *actions)
 {
-    ovs_assert(!rule->pending);
-    oftable_remove_rule(rule);
-    ofproto_rule_destroy__(rule);
+    if (actions) {
+        unsigned int orig;
+
+        atomic_sub(&actions->ref_count, 1, &orig);
+        if (orig == 1) {
+            free(actions->ofpacts);
+            free(actions);
+        } else {
+            ovs_assert(orig != 0);
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 /* Returns true if 'rule' has an OpenFlow OFPAT_OUTPUT or OFPAT_ENQUEUE action
  * that outputs to 'port' (output to OFPP_FLOOD and OFPP_ALL doesn't count). */
-bool
+static bool
 ofproto_rule_has_out_port(const struct rule *rule, ofp_port_t port)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     return (port == OFPP_ANY
-            || ofpacts_output_to_port(rule->ofpacts, rule->ofpacts_len, port));
+            || ofpacts_output_to_port(rule->actions->ofpacts,
+                                      rule->actions->ofpacts_len, port));
+}
+
+/* Returns true if 'rule' has group and equals group_id. */
+static bool
+ofproto_rule_has_out_group(const struct rule *rule, uint32_t group_id)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    return (group_id == OFPG11_ANY
+            || ofpacts_output_to_group(rule->actions->ofpacts,
+                                       rule->actions->ofpacts_len, group_id));
 }
 
 /* Returns true if a rule related to 'op' has an OpenFlow OFPAT_OUTPUT or
  * OFPAT_ENQUEUE action that outputs to 'out_port'. */
 bool
 ofoperation_has_out_port(const struct ofoperation *op, ofp_port_t out_port)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     if (ofproto_rule_has_out_port(op->rule, out_port)) {
         return true;
@@ -2206,37 +2661,61 @@ ofoperation_has_out_port(const struct ofoperation *op, ofp_port_t out_port)
 
     switch (op->type) {
     case OFOPERATION_ADD:
-        return op->victim && ofproto_rule_has_out_port(op->victim, out_port);
-
     case OFOPERATION_DELETE:
         return false;
 
     case OFOPERATION_MODIFY:
-        return ofpacts_output_to_port(op->ofpacts, op->ofpacts_len, out_port);
+    case OFOPERATION_REPLACE:
+        return ofpacts_output_to_port(op->actions->ofpacts,
+                                      op->actions->ofpacts_len, out_port);
     }
 
     NOT_REACHED();
 }
 
-/* Executes the actions indicated by 'rule' on 'packet' and credits 'rule''s
- * statistics appropriately.  'packet' must have at least sizeof(struct
- * ofp10_packet_in) bytes of headroom.
- *
- * 'packet' doesn't necessarily have to match 'rule'.  'rule' will be credited
- * with statistics for 'packet' either way.
- *
- * Takes ownership of 'packet'. */
-static int
-rule_execute(struct rule *rule, ofp_port_t in_port, struct ofpbuf *packet)
+static void
+rule_execute_destroy(struct rule_execute *e)
 {
-    struct flow flow;
-    union flow_in_port in_port_;
+    ofproto_rule_unref(e->rule);
+    list_remove(&e->list_node);
+    free(e);
+}
+
+/* Executes all "rule_execute" operations queued up in ofproto->rule_executes,
+ * by passing them to the ofproto provider. */
+static void
+run_rule_executes(struct ofproto *ofproto)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    struct rule_execute *e, *next;
+    struct list executes;
+
+    guarded_list_pop_all(&ofproto->rule_executes, &executes);
+    LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (e, next, list_node, &executes) {
+        union flow_in_port in_port_;
+        struct flow flow;
+
+        in_port_.ofp_port = e->in_port;
+        flow_extract(e->packet, 0, 0, NULL, &in_port_, &flow);
+        ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_execute(e->rule, &flow, e->packet);
+
+        rule_execute_destroy(e);
+    }
+}
 
-    ovs_assert(ofpbuf_headroom(packet) >= sizeof(struct ofp10_packet_in));
+/* Destroys and discards all "rule_execute" operations queued up in
+ * ofproto->rule_executes. */
+static void
+destroy_rule_executes(struct ofproto *ofproto)
+{
+    struct rule_execute *e, *next;
+    struct list executes;
 
-    in_port_.ofp_port = in_port;
-    flow_extract(packet, 0, 0, NULL, &in_port_, &flow);
-    return rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_execute(rule, &flow, packet);
+    guarded_list_pop_all(&ofproto->rule_executes, &executes);
+    LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (e, next, list_node, &executes) {
+        ofpbuf_delete(e->packet);
+        rule_execute_destroy(e);
+    }
 }
 
 /* Returns true if 'rule' should be hidden from the controller.
@@ -2244,7 +2723,7 @@ rule_execute(struct rule *rule, ofp_port_t in_port, struct ofpbuf *packet)
  * Rules with priority higher than UINT16_MAX are set up by ofproto itself
  * (e.g. by in-band control) and are intentionally hidden from the
  * controller. */
-bool
+static bool
 ofproto_rule_is_hidden(const struct rule *rule)
 {
     return rule->cr.priority > UINT16_MAX;
@@ -2387,52 +2866,33 @@ reject_slave_controller(struct ofconn *ofconn)
     }
 }
 
-/* Finds the OFPACT_METER action, if any, in the 'ofpacts_len' bytes of
- * 'ofpacts'.  If found, returns its meter ID; if not, returns 0.
+/* Checks that the 'ofpacts_len' bytes of action in 'ofpacts' are appropriate
+ * for 'ofproto':
  *
- * This function relies on the order of 'ofpacts' being correct (as checked by
- * ofpacts_verify()). */
-static uint32_t
-find_meter(const struct ofpact ofpacts[], size_t ofpacts_len)
-{
-    const struct ofpact *a;
-
-    OFPACT_FOR_EACH (a, ofpacts, ofpacts_len) {
-        enum ovs_instruction_type inst;
-
-        inst = ovs_instruction_type_from_ofpact_type(a->type);
-        if (a->type == OFPACT_METER) {
-            return ofpact_get_METER(a)->meter_id;
-        } else if (inst > OVSINST_OFPIT13_METER) {
-            break;
-        }
-    }
-
-    return 0;
-}
-
-/* Checks that the 'ofpacts_len' bytes of actions in 'ofpacts' are appropriate
- * for a packet with the prerequisites satisfied by 'flow' in table 'table_id'.
- * 'flow' may be temporarily modified, but is restored at return.
- */
+ *    - If they use a meter, then 'ofproto' has that meter configured.
+ *
+ *    - If they use any groups, then 'ofproto' has that group configured.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if successful, otherwise an OpenFlow error. */
 static enum ofperr
 ofproto_check_ofpacts(struct ofproto *ofproto,
-                      const struct ofpact ofpacts[], size_t ofpacts_len,
-                      struct flow *flow, uint8_t table_id)
+                      const struct ofpact ofpacts[], size_t ofpacts_len)
 {
-    enum ofperr error;
+    const struct ofpact *a;
     uint32_t mid;
 
-    error = ofpacts_check(ofpacts, ofpacts_len, flow, ofproto->max_ports,
-                          table_id);
-    if (error) {
-        return error;
+    mid = ofpacts_get_meter(ofpacts, ofpacts_len);
+    if (mid && get_provider_meter_id(ofproto, mid) == UINT32_MAX) {
+        return OFPERR_OFPMMFC_INVALID_METER;
     }
 
-    mid = find_meter(ofpacts, ofpacts_len);
-    if (mid && ofproto_get_provider_meter_id(ofproto, mid) == UINT32_MAX) {
-        return OFPERR_OFPMMFC_INVALID_METER;
+    OFPACT_FOR_EACH (a, ofpacts, ofpacts_len) {
+        if (a->type == OFPACT_GROUP
+            && !ofproto_group_exists(ofproto, ofpact_get_GROUP(a)->group_id)) {
+            return OFPERR_OFPBAC_BAD_OUT_GROUP;
+        }
     }
+
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2461,13 +2921,12 @@ handle_packet_out(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
     if (error) {
         goto exit_free_ofpacts;
     }
-    if (ofp_to_u16(po.in_port) >= ofp_to_u16(p->max_ports)
+    if (ofp_to_u16(po.in_port) >= p->max_ports
         && ofp_to_u16(po.in_port) < ofp_to_u16(OFPP_MAX)) {
         error = OFPERR_OFPBRC_BAD_PORT;
         goto exit_free_ofpacts;
     }
 
-
     /* Get payload. */
     if (po.buffer_id != UINT32_MAX) {
         error = ofconn_pktbuf_retrieve(ofconn, po.buffer_id, &payload, NULL);
@@ -2475,14 +2934,14 @@ handle_packet_out(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
             goto exit_free_ofpacts;
         }
     } else {
-        payload = xmalloc(sizeof *payload);
-        ofpbuf_use_const(payload, po.packet, po.packet_len);
+        /* Ensure that the L3 header is 32-bit aligned. */
+        payload = ofpbuf_clone_data_with_headroom(po.packet, po.packet_len, 2);
     }
 
     /* Verify actions against packet, then send packet if successful. */
     in_port_.ofp_port = po.in_port;
     flow_extract(payload, 0, 0, NULL, &in_port_, &flow);
-    error = ofproto_check_ofpacts(p, po.ofpacts, po.ofpacts_len, &flow, 0);
+    error = ofproto_check_ofpacts(p, po.ofpacts, po.ofpacts_len);
     if (!error) {
         error = p->ofproto_class->packet_out(p, payload, &flow,
                                              po.ofpacts, po.ofpacts_len);
@@ -2602,19 +3061,21 @@ handle_table_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
     ots = xcalloc(p->n_tables, sizeof *ots);
     for (i = 0; i < p->n_tables; i++) {
         ots[i].table_id = i;
-        sprintf(ots[i].name, "table%zu", i);
-        ots[i].match = htonll(OFPXMT12_MASK);
-        ots[i].wildcards = htonll(OFPXMT12_MASK);
+        sprintf(ots[i].name, "table%"PRIuSIZE, i);
+        ots[i].match = htonll(OFPXMT13_MASK);
+        ots[i].wildcards = htonll(OFPXMT13_MASK);
         ots[i].write_actions = htonl(OFPAT11_OUTPUT);
         ots[i].apply_actions = htonl(OFPAT11_OUTPUT);
-        ots[i].write_setfields = htonll(OFPXMT12_MASK);
-        ots[i].apply_setfields = htonll(OFPXMT12_MASK);
-        ots[i].metadata_match = htonll(UINT64_MAX);
-        ots[i].metadata_write = htonll(UINT64_MAX);
+        ots[i].write_setfields = htonll(OFPXMT13_MASK);
+        ots[i].apply_setfields = htonll(OFPXMT13_MASK);
+        ots[i].metadata_match = OVS_BE64_MAX;
+        ots[i].metadata_write = OVS_BE64_MAX;
         ots[i].instructions = htonl(OFPIT11_ALL);
         ots[i].config = htonl(OFPTC11_TABLE_MISS_MASK);
         ots[i].max_entries = htonl(1000000); /* An arbitrary big number. */
+        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&p->tables[i].cls.rwlock);
         ots[i].active_count = htonl(classifier_count(&p->tables[i].cls));
+        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&p->tables[i].cls.rwlock);
     }
 
     p->ofproto_class->get_tables(p, ots);
@@ -2722,6 +3183,7 @@ hash_cookie(ovs_be64 cookie)
 
 static void
 cookies_insert(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     hindex_insert(&ofproto->cookies, &rule->cookie_node,
                   hash_cookie(rule->flow_cookie));
@@ -2729,6 +3191,7 @@ cookies_insert(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule)
 
 static void
 cookies_remove(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     hindex_remove(&ofproto->cookies, &rule->cookie_node);
 }
@@ -2736,11 +3199,14 @@ cookies_remove(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule)
 static void
 ofproto_rule_change_cookie(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule,
                            ovs_be64 new_cookie)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     if (new_cookie != rule->flow_cookie) {
         cookies_remove(ofproto, rule);
 
+        ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
         rule->flow_cookie = new_cookie;
+        ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
 
         cookies_insert(ofproto, rule);
     }
@@ -2823,158 +3289,235 @@ next_matching_table(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
          (TABLE) != NULL;                                         \
          (TABLE) = next_matching_table(OFPROTO, TABLE, TABLE_ID))
 
-/* Searches 'ofproto' for rules in table 'table_id' (or in all tables, if
- * 'table_id' is 0xff) that match 'match' in the "loose" way required for
- * OpenFlow OFPFC_MODIFY and OFPFC_DELETE requests and puts them on list
- * 'rules'.
- *
- * If 'out_port' is anything other than OFPP_ANY, then only rules that output
- * to 'out_port' are included.
- *
- * Hidden rules are always omitted.
+/* Initializes 'criteria' in a straightforward way based on the other
+ * parameters.
  *
- * Returns 0 on success, otherwise an OpenFlow error code. */
-static enum ofperr
-collect_rules_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto, uint8_t table_id,
-                    const struct match *match,
-                    ovs_be64 cookie, ovs_be64 cookie_mask,
-                    ofp_port_t out_port, struct list *rules)
+ * For "loose" matching, the 'priority' parameter is unimportant and may be
+ * supplied as 0. */
+static void
+rule_criteria_init(struct rule_criteria *criteria, uint8_t table_id,
+                   const struct match *match, unsigned int priority,
+                   ovs_be64 cookie, ovs_be64 cookie_mask,
+                   ofp_port_t out_port, uint32_t out_group)
 {
-    struct oftable *table;
-    struct cls_rule cr;
-    enum ofperr error;
+    criteria->table_id = table_id;
+    cls_rule_init(&criteria->cr, match, priority);
+    criteria->cookie = cookie;
+    criteria->cookie_mask = cookie_mask;
+    criteria->out_port = out_port;
+    criteria->out_group = out_group;
+}
 
-    error = check_table_id(ofproto, table_id);
-    if (error) {
-        return error;
-    }
+static void
+rule_criteria_destroy(struct rule_criteria *criteria)
+{
+    cls_rule_destroy(&criteria->cr);
+}
 
-    list_init(rules);
-    cls_rule_init(&cr, match, 0);
+void
+rule_collection_init(struct rule_collection *rules)
+{
+    rules->rules = rules->stub;
+    rules->n = 0;
+    rules->capacity = ARRAY_SIZE(rules->stub);
+}
 
-    if (cookie_mask == htonll(UINT64_MAX)) {
-        struct rule *rule;
+void
+rule_collection_add(struct rule_collection *rules, struct rule *rule)
+{
+    if (rules->n >= rules->capacity) {
+        size_t old_size, new_size;
 
-        HINDEX_FOR_EACH_WITH_HASH (rule, cookie_node, hash_cookie(cookie),
-                                   &ofproto->cookies) {
-            if (table_id != rule->table_id && table_id != 0xff) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            if (ofproto_rule_is_hidden(rule)) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            if (cls_rule_is_loose_match(&rule->cr, &cr.match)) {
-                if (rule->pending) {
-                    error = OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-                    goto exit;
-                }
-                if (rule->flow_cookie == cookie /* Hash collisions possible. */
-                    && ofproto_rule_has_out_port(rule, out_port)) {
-                    list_push_back(rules, &rule->ofproto_node);
-                }
-            }
+        old_size = rules->capacity * sizeof *rules->rules;
+        rules->capacity *= 2;
+        new_size = rules->capacity * sizeof *rules->rules;
+
+        if (rules->rules == rules->stub) {
+            rules->rules = xmalloc(new_size);
+            memcpy(rules->rules, rules->stub, old_size);
+        } else {
+            rules->rules = xrealloc(rules->rules, new_size);
+        }
+    }
+
+    rules->rules[rules->n++] = rule;
+}
+
+void
+rule_collection_ref(struct rule_collection *rules)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    size_t i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < rules->n; i++) {
+        ofproto_rule_ref(rules->rules[i]);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+rule_collection_unref(struct rule_collection *rules)
+{
+    size_t i;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < rules->n; i++) {
+        ofproto_rule_unref(rules->rules[i]);
+    }
+}
+
+void
+rule_collection_destroy(struct rule_collection *rules)
+{
+    if (rules->rules != rules->stub) {
+        free(rules->rules);
+    }
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+collect_rule(struct rule *rule, const struct rule_criteria *c,
+             struct rule_collection *rules)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    /* We ordinarily want to skip hidden rules, but there has to be a way for
+     * code internal to OVS to modify and delete them, so if the criteria
+     * specify a priority that can only be for a hidden flow, then allow hidden
+     * rules to be selected.  (This doesn't allow OpenFlow clients to meddle
+     * with hidden flows because OpenFlow uses only a 16-bit field to specify
+     * priority.) */
+    if (ofproto_rule_is_hidden(rule) && c->cr.priority <= UINT16_MAX) {
+        return 0;
+    } else if (rule->pending) {
+        return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
+    } else {
+        if ((c->table_id == rule->table_id || c->table_id == 0xff)
+            && ofproto_rule_has_out_port(rule, c->out_port)
+            && ofproto_rule_has_out_group(rule, c->out_group)
+            && !((rule->flow_cookie ^ c->cookie) & c->cookie_mask)) {
+            rule_collection_add(rules, rule);
         }
+        return 0;
+    }
+}
+
+/* Searches 'ofproto' for rules that match the criteria in 'criteria'.  Matches
+ * on classifiers rules are done in the "loose" way required for OpenFlow
+ * OFPFC_MODIFY and OFPFC_DELETE requests.  Puts the selected rules on list
+ * 'rules'.
+ *
+ * Hidden rules are always omitted.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 on success, otherwise an OpenFlow error code. */
+static enum ofperr
+collect_rules_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto,
+                    const struct rule_criteria *criteria,
+                    struct rule_collection *rules)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    struct oftable *table;
+    enum ofperr error;
+
+    rule_collection_init(rules);
+
+    error = check_table_id(ofproto, criteria->table_id);
+    if (error) {
         goto exit;
     }
 
-    FOR_EACH_MATCHING_TABLE (table, table_id, ofproto) {
-        struct cls_cursor cursor;
+    if (criteria->cookie_mask == OVS_BE64_MAX) {
         struct rule *rule;
 
-        cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, &cr);
-        CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (rule, cr, &cursor) {
-            if (rule->pending) {
-                error = OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-                goto exit;
+        HINDEX_FOR_EACH_WITH_HASH (rule, cookie_node,
+                                   hash_cookie(criteria->cookie),
+                                   &ofproto->cookies) {
+            if (cls_rule_is_loose_match(&rule->cr, &criteria->cr.match)) {
+                error = collect_rule(rule, criteria, rules);
+                if (error) {
+                    break;
+                }
             }
-            if (!ofproto_rule_is_hidden(rule)
-                && ofproto_rule_has_out_port(rule, out_port)
-                    && !((rule->flow_cookie ^ cookie) & cookie_mask)) {
-                list_push_back(rules, &rule->ofproto_node);
+        }
+    } else {
+        FOR_EACH_MATCHING_TABLE (table, criteria->table_id, ofproto) {
+            struct cls_cursor cursor;
+            struct rule *rule;
+
+            ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+            cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, &criteria->cr);
+            CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (rule, cr, &cursor) {
+                error = collect_rule(rule, criteria, rules);
+                if (error) {
+                    break;
+                }
             }
+            ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         }
     }
 
 exit:
-    cls_rule_destroy(&cr);
+    if (error) {
+        rule_collection_destroy(rules);
+    }
     return error;
 }
 
-/* Searches 'ofproto' for rules in table 'table_id' (or in all tables, if
- * 'table_id' is 0xff) that match 'match' in the "strict" way required for
- * OpenFlow OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT and OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT requests and puts them
- * on list 'rules'.
- *
- * If 'out_port' is anything other than OFPP_ANY, then only rules that output
- * to 'out_port' are included.
+/* Searches 'ofproto' for rules that match the criteria in 'criteria'.  Matches
+ * on classifiers rules are done in the "strict" way required for OpenFlow
+ * OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT and OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT requests.  Puts the selected
+ * rules on list 'rules'.
  *
  * Hidden rules are always omitted.
  *
  * Returns 0 on success, otherwise an OpenFlow error code. */
 static enum ofperr
-collect_rules_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto, uint8_t table_id,
-                     const struct match *match, unsigned int priority,
-                     ovs_be64 cookie, ovs_be64 cookie_mask,
-                     ofp_port_t out_port, struct list *rules)
+collect_rules_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto,
+                     const struct rule_criteria *criteria,
+                     struct rule_collection *rules)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct oftable *table;
-    struct cls_rule cr;
     int error;
 
-    error = check_table_id(ofproto, table_id);
+    rule_collection_init(rules);
+
+    error = check_table_id(ofproto, criteria->table_id);
     if (error) {
-        return error;
+        goto exit;
     }
 
-    list_init(rules);
-    cls_rule_init(&cr, match, priority);
-
-    if (cookie_mask == htonll(UINT64_MAX)) {
+    if (criteria->cookie_mask == OVS_BE64_MAX) {
         struct rule *rule;
 
-        HINDEX_FOR_EACH_WITH_HASH (rule, cookie_node, hash_cookie(cookie),
+        HINDEX_FOR_EACH_WITH_HASH (rule, cookie_node,
+                                   hash_cookie(criteria->cookie),
                                    &ofproto->cookies) {
-            if (table_id != rule->table_id && table_id != 0xff) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            if (ofproto_rule_is_hidden(rule)) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            if (cls_rule_equal(&rule->cr, &cr)) {
-                if (rule->pending) {
-                    error = OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-                    goto exit;
-                }
-                if (rule->flow_cookie == cookie /* Hash collisions possible. */
-                    && ofproto_rule_has_out_port(rule, out_port)) {
-                    list_push_back(rules, &rule->ofproto_node);
+            if (cls_rule_equal(&rule->cr, &criteria->cr)) {
+                error = collect_rule(rule, criteria, rules);
+                if (error) {
+                    break;
                 }
             }
         }
-        goto exit;
-    }
-
-    FOR_EACH_MATCHING_TABLE (table, table_id, ofproto) {
-        struct rule *rule;
+    } else {
+        FOR_EACH_MATCHING_TABLE (table, criteria->table_id, ofproto) {
+            struct rule *rule;
 
-        rule = rule_from_cls_rule(classifier_find_rule_exactly(&table->cls,
-                                                               &cr));
-        if (rule) {
-            if (rule->pending) {
-                error = OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-                goto exit;
-            }
-            if (!ofproto_rule_is_hidden(rule)
-                && ofproto_rule_has_out_port(rule, out_port)
-                    && !((rule->flow_cookie ^ cookie) & cookie_mask)) {
-                list_push_back(rules, &rule->ofproto_node);
+            ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+            rule = rule_from_cls_rule(classifier_find_rule_exactly(
+                                          &table->cls, &criteria->cr));
+            ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+            if (rule) {
+                error = collect_rule(rule, criteria, rules);
+                if (error) {
+                    break;
+                }
             }
         }
     }
 
 exit:
-    cls_rule_destroy(&cr);
-    return 0;
+    if (error) {
+        rule_collection_destroy(rules);
+    }
+    return error;
 }
 
 /* Returns 'age_ms' (a duration in milliseconds), converted to seconds and
@@ -2990,56 +3533,76 @@ age_secs(long long int age_ms)
 static enum ofperr
 handle_flow_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
                           const struct ofp_header *request)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
     struct ofputil_flow_stats_request fsr;
+    struct rule_criteria criteria;
+    struct rule_collection rules;
     struct list replies;
-    struct list rules;
-    struct rule *rule;
     enum ofperr error;
+    size_t i;
 
     error = ofputil_decode_flow_stats_request(&fsr, request);
     if (error) {
         return error;
     }
 
-    error = collect_rules_loose(ofproto, fsr.table_id, &fsr.match,
-                                fsr.cookie, fsr.cookie_mask,
-                                fsr.out_port, &rules);
+    rule_criteria_init(&criteria, fsr.table_id, &fsr.match, 0, fsr.cookie,
+                       fsr.cookie_mask, fsr.out_port, fsr.out_group);
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
+    error = collect_rules_loose(ofproto, &criteria, &rules);
+    rule_criteria_destroy(&criteria);
+    if (!error) {
+        rule_collection_ref(&rules);
+    }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
+
     if (error) {
         return error;
     }
 
     ofpmp_init(&replies, request);
-    LIST_FOR_EACH (rule, ofproto_node, &rules) {
+    for (i = 0; i < rules.n; i++) {
+        struct rule *rule = rules.rules[i];
         long long int now = time_msec();
         struct ofputil_flow_stats fs;
+        long long int created, used, modified;
+        struct rule_actions *actions;
+        enum ofputil_flow_mod_flags flags;
 
-        minimatch_expand(&rule->cr.match, &fs.match);
-        fs.priority = rule->cr.priority;
+        ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
         fs.cookie = rule->flow_cookie;
+        fs.idle_timeout = rule->idle_timeout;
+        fs.hard_timeout = rule->hard_timeout;
+        created = rule->created;
+        used = rule->used;
+        modified = rule->modified;
+        actions = rule_get_actions__(rule);
+        flags = rule->flags;
+        ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+
+        minimatch_expand(&rule->cr.match, &fs.match);
         fs.table_id = rule->table_id;
-        calc_duration(rule->created, now, &fs.duration_sec, &fs.duration_nsec);
-        fs.idle_age = age_secs(now - rule->used);
-        fs.hard_age = age_secs(now - rule->modified);
+        calc_duration(created, now, &fs.duration_sec, &fs.duration_nsec);
+        fs.priority = rule->cr.priority;
+        fs.idle_age = age_secs(now - used);
+        fs.hard_age = age_secs(now - modified);
         ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_get_stats(rule, &fs.packet_count,
                                                &fs.byte_count);
-        fs.ofpacts = rule->ofpacts;
-        fs.ofpacts_len = rule->ofpacts_len;
-        fs.flags = 0;
+        fs.ofpacts = actions->ofpacts;
+        fs.ofpacts_len = actions->ofpacts_len;
 
-        ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
-        fs.idle_timeout = rule->idle_timeout;
-        fs.hard_timeout = rule->hard_timeout;
-        ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
-
-        if (rule->send_flow_removed) {
-            fs.flags |= OFPFF_SEND_FLOW_REM;
-            /* FIXME: Implement OF 1.3 flags OFPFF13_NO_PKT_COUNTS
-               and OFPFF13_NO_BYT_COUNTS */
-        }
+        fs.flags = flags;
         ofputil_append_flow_stats_reply(&fs, &replies);
+
+        rule_actions_unref(actions);
     }
+
+    rule_collection_unref(&rules);
+    rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
+
     ofconn_send_replies(ofconn, &replies);
 
     return 0;
@@ -3049,22 +3612,32 @@ static void
 flow_stats_ds(struct rule *rule, struct ds *results)
 {
     uint64_t packet_count, byte_count;
+    struct rule_actions *actions;
+    long long int created;
 
     rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_get_stats(rule,
                                                  &packet_count, &byte_count);
 
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+    actions = rule_get_actions__(rule);
+    created = rule->created;
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+
     if (rule->table_id != 0) {
         ds_put_format(results, "table_id=%"PRIu8", ", rule->table_id);
     }
-    ds_put_format(results, "duration=%llds, ",
-                  (time_msec() - rule->created) / 1000);
-    ds_put_format(results, "priority=%u, ", rule->cr.priority);
+    ds_put_format(results, "duration=%llds, ", (time_msec() - created) / 1000);
     ds_put_format(results, "n_packets=%"PRIu64", ", packet_count);
     ds_put_format(results, "n_bytes=%"PRIu64", ", byte_count);
     cls_rule_format(&rule->cr, results);
     ds_put_char(results, ',');
-    ofpacts_format(rule->ofpacts, rule->ofpacts_len, results);
+
+    ds_put_cstr(results, "actions=");
+    ofpacts_format(actions->ofpacts, actions->ofpacts_len, results);
+
     ds_put_cstr(results, "\n");
+
+    rule_actions_unref(actions);
 }
 
 /* Adds a pretty-printed description of all flows to 'results', including
@@ -3078,10 +3651,12 @@ ofproto_get_all_flows(struct ofproto *p, struct ds *results)
         struct cls_cursor cursor;
         struct rule *rule;
 
+        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, NULL);
         CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (rule, cr, &cursor) {
             flow_stats_ds(rule, results);
         }
+        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     }
 }
 
@@ -3113,31 +3688,43 @@ ofproto_port_get_cfm_status(const struct ofproto *ofproto, ofp_port_t ofp_port,
 static enum ofperr
 handle_aggregate_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
                                const struct ofp_header *oh)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
     struct ofputil_flow_stats_request request;
     struct ofputil_aggregate_stats stats;
     bool unknown_packets, unknown_bytes;
+    struct rule_criteria criteria;
+    struct rule_collection rules;
     struct ofpbuf *reply;
-    struct list rules;
-    struct rule *rule;
     enum ofperr error;
+    size_t i;
 
     error = ofputil_decode_flow_stats_request(&request, oh);
     if (error) {
         return error;
     }
 
-    error = collect_rules_loose(ofproto, request.table_id, &request.match,
-                                request.cookie, request.cookie_mask,
-                                request.out_port, &rules);
+    rule_criteria_init(&criteria, request.table_id, &request.match, 0,
+                       request.cookie, request.cookie_mask,
+                       request.out_port, request.out_group);
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
+    error = collect_rules_loose(ofproto, &criteria, &rules);
+    rule_criteria_destroy(&criteria);
+    if (!error) {
+        rule_collection_ref(&rules);
+    }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
+
     if (error) {
         return error;
     }
 
     memset(&stats, 0, sizeof stats);
     unknown_packets = unknown_bytes = false;
-    LIST_FOR_EACH (rule, ofproto_node, &rules) {
+    for (i = 0; i < rules.n; i++) {
+        struct rule *rule = rules.rules[i];
         uint64_t packet_count;
         uint64_t byte_count;
 
@@ -3165,6 +3752,9 @@ handle_aggregate_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
         stats.byte_count = UINT64_MAX;
     }
 
+    rule_collection_unref(&rules);
+    rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
+
     reply = ofputil_encode_aggregate_stats_reply(&stats, oh);
     ofconn_send_reply(ofconn, reply);
 
@@ -3273,6 +3863,7 @@ static bool
 is_flow_deletion_pending(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
                          const struct cls_rule *cls_rule,
                          uint8_t table_id)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     if (!hmap_is_empty(&ofproto->deletions)) {
         struct ofoperation *op;
@@ -3289,6 +3880,36 @@ is_flow_deletion_pending(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
     return false;
 }
 
+static bool
+should_evict_a_rule(struct oftable *table, unsigned int extra_space)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
+    OVS_NO_THREAD_SAFETY_ANALYSIS
+{
+    return classifier_count(&table->cls) + extra_space > table->max_flows;
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+evict_rules_from_table(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct oftable *table,
+                       unsigned int extra_space)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    while (should_evict_a_rule(table, extra_space)) {
+        struct rule *rule;
+
+        if (!choose_rule_to_evict(table, &rule)) {
+            return OFPERR_OFPFMFC_TABLE_FULL;
+        } else if (rule->pending) {
+            return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
+        } else {
+            struct ofopgroup *group = ofopgroup_create_unattached(ofproto);
+            delete_flow__(rule, group, OFPRR_EVICTION);
+            ofopgroup_submit(group);
+        }
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
 /* Implements OFPFC_ADD and the cases for OFPFC_MODIFY and OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT
  * in which no matching flow already exists in the flow table.
  *
@@ -3297,18 +3918,18 @@ is_flow_deletion_pending(const struct ofproto *ofproto,
  * error code on failure, or OFPROTO_POSTPONE if the operation cannot be
  * initiated now but may be retried later.
  *
- * Upon successful return, takes ownership of 'fm->ofpacts'.  On failure,
- * ownership remains with the caller.
+ * The caller retains ownership of 'fm->ofpacts'.
  *
  * 'ofconn' is used to retrieve the packet buffer specified in ofm->buffer_id,
  * if any. */
 static enum ofperr
 add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
          struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm, const struct ofp_header *request)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct oftable *table;
     struct ofopgroup *group;
-    struct rule *victim;
+    struct cls_rule cr;
     struct rule *rule;
     uint8_t table_id;
     int error;
@@ -3343,114 +3964,106 @@ add_flow(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
         return OFPERR_OFPBRC_EPERM;
     }
 
-    /* Verify actions. */
-    error = ofproto_check_ofpacts(ofproto, fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len,
-                                  &fm->match.flow, table_id);
-    if (error) {
-        return error;
-    }
+    cls_rule_init(&cr, &fm->match, fm->priority);
 
-    /* Allocate new rule and initialize classifier rule. */
-    rule = ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_alloc();
-    if (!rule) {
-        VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: failed to create rule (%s)",
-                     ofproto->name, ovs_strerror(error));
-        return ENOMEM;
+    /* Transform "add" into "modify" if there's an existing identical flow. */
+    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    rule = rule_from_cls_rule(classifier_find_rule_exactly(&table->cls, &cr));
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    if (rule) {
+        cls_rule_destroy(&cr);
+        if (!rule_is_modifiable(rule)) {
+            return OFPERR_OFPBRC_EPERM;
+        } else if (rule->pending) {
+            return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
+        } else {
+            struct rule_collection rules;
+
+            rule_collection_init(&rules);
+            rule_collection_add(&rules, rule);
+            fm->modify_cookie = true;
+            error = modify_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request, &rules);
+            rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
+
+            return error;
+        }
     }
-    cls_rule_init(&rule->cr, &fm->match, fm->priority);
 
     /* Serialize against pending deletion. */
-    if (is_flow_deletion_pending(ofproto, &rule->cr, table_id)) {
-        cls_rule_destroy(&rule->cr);
-        ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_dealloc(rule);
+    if (is_flow_deletion_pending(ofproto, &cr, table_id)) {
+        cls_rule_destroy(&cr);
         return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
     }
 
     /* Check for overlap, if requested. */
-    if (fm->flags & OFPFF_CHECK_OVERLAP
-        && classifier_rule_overlaps(&table->cls, &rule->cr)) {
-        cls_rule_destroy(&rule->cr);
-        ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_dealloc(rule);
-        return OFPERR_OFPFMFC_OVERLAP;
+    if (fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_CHECK_OVERLAP) {
+        bool overlaps;
+
+        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+        overlaps = classifier_rule_overlaps(&table->cls, &cr);
+        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+
+        if (overlaps) {
+            cls_rule_destroy(&cr);
+            return OFPERR_OFPFMFC_OVERLAP;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /* If necessary, evict an existing rule to clear out space. */
+    error = evict_rules_from_table(ofproto, table, 1);
+    if (error) {
+        cls_rule_destroy(&cr);
+        return error;
     }
 
-    /* FIXME: Implement OFPFF12_RESET_COUNTS */
+    /* Allocate new rule. */
+    rule = ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_alloc();
+    if (!rule) {
+        cls_rule_destroy(&cr);
+        VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: failed to create rule (%s)",
+                     ofproto->name, ovs_strerror(error));
+        return ENOMEM;
+    }
 
-    rule->ofproto = ofproto;
+    /* Initialize base state. */
+    *CONST_CAST(struct ofproto **, &rule->ofproto) = ofproto;
+    cls_rule_move(CONST_CAST(struct cls_rule *, &rule->cr), &cr);
+    atomic_init(&rule->ref_count, 1);
     rule->pending = NULL;
     rule->flow_cookie = fm->new_cookie;
     rule->created = rule->modified = rule->used = time_msec();
 
-    ovs_mutex_init(&rule->timeout_mutex, OVS_MUTEX_ADAPTIVE);
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_init(&rule->mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
     rule->idle_timeout = fm->idle_timeout;
     rule->hard_timeout = fm->hard_timeout;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
-
-    rule->table_id = table - ofproto->tables;
-    rule->send_flow_removed = (fm->flags & OFPFF_SEND_FLOW_REM) != 0;
-    /* FIXME: Implement OF 1.3 flags OFPFF13_NO_PKT_COUNTS
-       and OFPFF13_NO_BYT_COUNTS */
-    rule->ofpacts = xmemdup(fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len);
-    rule->ofpacts_len = fm->ofpacts_len;
-    rule->meter_id = find_meter(rule->ofpacts, rule->ofpacts_len);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+
+    *CONST_CAST(uint8_t *, &rule->table_id) = table - ofproto->tables;
+    rule->flags = fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_STATE;
+    rule->actions = rule_actions_create(ofproto, fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len);
     list_init(&rule->meter_list_node);
-    rule->evictable = true;
     rule->eviction_group = NULL;
     list_init(&rule->expirable);
     rule->monitor_flags = 0;
     rule->add_seqno = 0;
     rule->modify_seqno = 0;
 
-    /* Insert new rule. */
-    victim = oftable_replace_rule(rule);
-    if (victim && !rule_is_modifiable(victim)) {
-        error = OFPERR_OFPBRC_EPERM;
-    } else if (victim && victim->pending) {
-        error = OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-    } else {
-        struct ofoperation *op;
-        struct rule *evict;
-
-        if (classifier_count(&table->cls) > table->max_flows) {
-            bool was_evictable;
-
-            was_evictable = rule->evictable;
-            rule->evictable = false;
-            evict = choose_rule_to_evict(table);
-            rule->evictable = was_evictable;
-
-            if (!evict) {
-                error = OFPERR_OFPFMFC_TABLE_FULL;
-                goto exit;
-            } else if (evict->pending) {
-                error = OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-                goto exit;
-            }
-        } else {
-            evict = NULL;
-        }
-
-        group = ofopgroup_create(ofproto, ofconn, request, fm->buffer_id);
-        op = ofoperation_create(group, rule, OFOPERATION_ADD, 0);
-        op->victim = victim;
-
-        error = ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_construct(rule);
-        if (error) {
-            op->group->n_running--;
-            ofoperation_destroy(rule->pending);
-        } else if (evict) {
-            delete_flow__(evict, group, OFPRR_EVICTION);
-        }
-        ofopgroup_submit(group);
-    }
-
-exit:
-    /* Back out if an error occurred. */
+    /* Construct rule, initializing derived state. */
+    error = ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_construct(rule);
     if (error) {
-        oftable_substitute_rule(rule, victim);
         ofproto_rule_destroy__(rule);
+        return error;
     }
+
+    /* Insert rule. */
+    oftable_insert_rule(rule);
+
+    group = ofopgroup_create(ofproto, ofconn, request, fm->buffer_id);
+    ofoperation_create(group, rule, OFOPERATION_ADD, 0);
+    ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_insert(rule);
+    ofopgroup_submit(group);
+
     return error;
 }
 \f
@@ -3466,19 +4079,24 @@ exit:
 static enum ofperr
 modify_flows__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
                struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm, const struct ofp_header *request,
-               struct list *rules)
+               const struct rule_collection *rules)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
+    enum ofoperation_type type;
     struct ofopgroup *group;
-    struct rule *rule;
     enum ofperr error;
+    size_t i;
 
+    type = fm->command == OFPFC_ADD ? OFOPERATION_REPLACE : OFOPERATION_MODIFY;
     group = ofopgroup_create(ofproto, ofconn, request, fm->buffer_id);
     error = OFPERR_OFPBRC_EPERM;
-    LIST_FOR_EACH (rule, ofproto_node, rules) {
+    for (i = 0; i < rules->n; i++) {
+        struct rule *rule = rules->rules[i];
         struct ofoperation *op;
         bool actions_changed;
+        bool reset_counters;
 
-        /* FIXME: Implement OFPFF12_RESET_COUNTS */
+        /* FIXME: Implement OFPFUTIL_FF_RESET_COUNTS */
 
         if (rule_is_modifiable(rule)) {
             /* At least one rule is modifiable, don't report EPERM error. */
@@ -3487,29 +4105,45 @@ modify_flows__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
             continue;
         }
 
-        /* Verify actions. */
-        error = ofpacts_check(fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len, &fm->match.flow,
-                              ofproto->max_ports, rule->table_id);
-        if (error) {
-            return error;
-        }
-
         actions_changed = !ofpacts_equal(fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len,
-                                         rule->ofpacts, rule->ofpacts_len);
+                                         rule->actions->ofpacts,
+                                         rule->actions->ofpacts_len);
 
-        op = ofoperation_create(group, rule, OFOPERATION_MODIFY, 0);
+        op = ofoperation_create(group, rule, type, 0);
 
-        if (fm->modify_cookie && fm->new_cookie != htonll(UINT64_MAX)) {
+        if (fm->modify_cookie && fm->new_cookie != OVS_BE64_MAX) {
             ofproto_rule_change_cookie(ofproto, rule, fm->new_cookie);
         }
-        if (actions_changed) {
-            op->ofpacts = rule->ofpacts;
-            op->ofpacts_len = rule->ofpacts_len;
-            op->meter_id = rule->meter_id;
-            rule->ofpacts = xmemdup(fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len);
-            rule->ofpacts_len = fm->ofpacts_len;
-            rule->meter_id = find_meter(rule->ofpacts, rule->ofpacts_len);
-            rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_modify_actions(rule);
+        if (type == OFOPERATION_REPLACE) {
+            ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+            rule->idle_timeout = fm->idle_timeout;
+            rule->hard_timeout = fm->hard_timeout;
+            ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+
+            rule->flags = fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_STATE;
+            if (fm->idle_timeout || fm->hard_timeout) {
+                if (!rule->eviction_group) {
+                    eviction_group_add_rule(rule);
+                }
+            } else {
+                eviction_group_remove_rule(rule);
+            }
+        }
+
+        reset_counters = (fm->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_RESET_COUNTS) != 0;
+        if (actions_changed || reset_counters) {
+            struct rule_actions *new_actions;
+
+            op->actions = rule->actions;
+            new_actions = rule_actions_create(ofproto,
+                                              fm->ofpacts, fm->ofpacts_len);
+
+            ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+            rule->actions = new_actions;
+            ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+
+            rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_modify_actions(rule,
+                                                              reset_counters);
         } else {
             ofoperation_complete(op, 0);
         }
@@ -3522,8 +4156,9 @@ modify_flows__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
 static enum ofperr
 modify_flows_add(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
                  struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm, const struct ofp_header *request)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    if (fm->cookie_mask != htonll(0) || fm->new_cookie == htonll(UINT64_MAX)) {
+    if (fm->cookie_mask != htonll(0) || fm->new_cookie == OVS_BE64_MAX) {
         return 0;
     }
     return add_flow(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request);
@@ -3538,20 +4173,26 @@ static enum ofperr
 modify_flows_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
                    struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
                    const struct ofp_header *request)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct list rules;
+    struct rule_criteria criteria;
+    struct rule_collection rules;
     int error;
 
-    error = collect_rules_loose(ofproto, fm->table_id, &fm->match,
-                                fm->cookie, fm->cookie_mask,
-                                OFPP_ANY, &rules);
-    if (error) {
-        return error;
-    } else if (list_is_empty(&rules)) {
-        return modify_flows_add(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request);
-    } else {
-        return modify_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request, &rules);
+    rule_criteria_init(&criteria, fm->table_id, &fm->match, 0,
+                       fm->cookie, fm->cookie_mask, OFPP_ANY, OFPG11_ANY);
+    error = collect_rules_loose(ofproto, &criteria, &rules);
+    rule_criteria_destroy(&criteria);
+
+    if (!error) {
+        error = (rules.n > 0
+                 ? modify_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request, &rules)
+                 : modify_flows_add(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request));
     }
+
+    rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
+
+    return error;
 }
 
 /* Implements OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT.  Returns 0 on success or an OpenFlow error
@@ -3563,23 +4204,28 @@ static enum ofperr
 modify_flow_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
                    struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
                    const struct ofp_header *request)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct list rules;
+    struct rule_criteria criteria;
+    struct rule_collection rules;
     int error;
 
-    error = collect_rules_strict(ofproto, fm->table_id, &fm->match,
-                                 fm->priority, fm->cookie, fm->cookie_mask,
-                                 OFPP_ANY, &rules);
+    rule_criteria_init(&criteria, fm->table_id, &fm->match, fm->priority,
+                       fm->cookie, fm->cookie_mask, OFPP_ANY, OFPG11_ANY);
+    error = collect_rules_strict(ofproto, &criteria, &rules);
+    rule_criteria_destroy(&criteria);
 
-    if (error) {
-        return error;
-    } else if (list_is_empty(&rules)) {
-        return modify_flows_add(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request);
-    } else {
-        return list_is_singleton(&rules) ? modify_flows__(ofproto, ofconn,
-                                                          fm, request, &rules)
-                                         : 0;
+    if (!error) {
+        if (rules.n == 0) {
+            error =  modify_flows_add(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request);
+        } else if (rules.n == 1) {
+            error = modify_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, fm, request, &rules);
+        }
     }
+
+    rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
+
+    return error;
 }
 \f
 /* OFPFC_DELETE implementation. */
@@ -3587,6 +4233,7 @@ modify_flow_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
 static void
 delete_flow__(struct rule *rule, struct ofopgroup *group,
               enum ofp_flow_removed_reason reason)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = rule->ofproto;
 
@@ -3594,7 +4241,7 @@ delete_flow__(struct rule *rule, struct ofopgroup *group,
 
     ofoperation_create(group, rule, OFOPERATION_DELETE, reason);
     oftable_remove_rule(rule);
-    ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_destruct(rule);
+    ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_delete(rule);
 }
 
 /* Deletes the rules listed in 'rules'.
@@ -3602,15 +4249,17 @@ delete_flow__(struct rule *rule, struct ofopgroup *group,
  * Returns 0 on success, otherwise an OpenFlow error code. */
 static enum ofperr
 delete_flows__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
-               const struct ofp_header *request, struct list *rules,
+               const struct ofp_header *request,
+               const struct rule_collection *rules,
                enum ofp_flow_removed_reason reason)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct rule *rule, *next;
     struct ofopgroup *group;
+    size_t i;
 
     group = ofopgroup_create(ofproto, ofconn, request, UINT32_MAX);
-    LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE (rule, next, ofproto_node, rules) {
-        delete_flow__(rule, group, reason);
+    for (i = 0; i < rules->n; i++) {
+        delete_flow__(rules->rules[i], group, reason);
     }
     ofopgroup_submit(group);
 
@@ -3622,17 +4271,24 @@ static enum ofperr
 delete_flows_loose(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
                    const struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
                    const struct ofp_header *request)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct list rules;
+    struct rule_criteria criteria;
+    struct rule_collection rules;
     enum ofperr error;
 
-    error = collect_rules_loose(ofproto, fm->table_id, &fm->match,
-                                fm->cookie, fm->cookie_mask,
-                                fm->out_port, &rules);
-    return (error ? error
-            : !list_is_empty(&rules) ? delete_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, request,
-                                                      &rules, OFPRR_DELETE)
-            : 0);
+    rule_criteria_init(&criteria, fm->table_id, &fm->match, 0,
+                       fm->cookie, fm->cookie_mask,
+                       fm->out_port, fm->out_group);
+    error = collect_rules_loose(ofproto, &criteria, &rules);
+    rule_criteria_destroy(&criteria);
+
+    if (!error && rules.n > 0) {
+        error = delete_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, request, &rules, OFPRR_DELETE);
+    }
+    rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
+
+    return error;
 }
 
 /* Implements OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT. */
@@ -3640,26 +4296,34 @@ static enum ofperr
 delete_flow_strict(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
                    const struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm,
                    const struct ofp_header *request)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct list rules;
+    struct rule_criteria criteria;
+    struct rule_collection rules;
     enum ofperr error;
 
-    error = collect_rules_strict(ofproto, fm->table_id, &fm->match,
-                                 fm->priority, fm->cookie, fm->cookie_mask,
-                                 fm->out_port, &rules);
-    return (error ? error
-            : list_is_singleton(&rules) ? delete_flows__(ofproto, ofconn,
-                                                         request, &rules,
-                                                         OFPRR_DELETE)
-            : 0);
+    rule_criteria_init(&criteria, fm->table_id, &fm->match, fm->priority,
+                       fm->cookie, fm->cookie_mask,
+                       fm->out_port, fm->out_group);
+    error = collect_rules_strict(ofproto, &criteria, &rules);
+    rule_criteria_destroy(&criteria);
+
+    if (!error && rules.n > 0) {
+        error = delete_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, request, &rules, OFPRR_DELETE);
+    }
+    rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
+
+    return error;
 }
 
 static void
 ofproto_rule_send_removed(struct rule *rule, uint8_t reason)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofputil_flow_removed fr;
 
-    if (ofproto_rule_is_hidden(rule) || !rule->send_flow_removed) {
+    if (ofproto_rule_is_hidden(rule) ||
+        !(rule->flags & OFPUTIL_FF_SEND_FLOW_REM)) {
         return;
     }
 
@@ -3670,30 +4334,16 @@ ofproto_rule_send_removed(struct rule *rule, uint8_t reason)
     fr.table_id = rule->table_id;
     calc_duration(rule->created, time_msec(),
                   &fr.duration_sec, &fr.duration_nsec);
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
     fr.idle_timeout = rule->idle_timeout;
     fr.hard_timeout = rule->hard_timeout;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
     rule->ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_get_stats(rule, &fr.packet_count,
                                                  &fr.byte_count);
 
     connmgr_send_flow_removed(rule->ofproto->connmgr, &fr);
 }
 
-void
-ofproto_rule_update_used(struct rule *rule, long long int used)
-{
-    if (used > rule->used) {
-        struct eviction_group *evg = rule->eviction_group;
-
-        rule->used = used;
-        if (evg) {
-            heap_change(&evg->rules, &rule->evg_node,
-                        rule_eviction_priority(rule));
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 /* Sends an OpenFlow "flow removed" message with the given 'reason' (either
  * OFPRR_HARD_TIMEOUT or OFPRR_IDLE_TIMEOUT), and then removes 'rule' from its
  * ofproto.
@@ -3705,23 +4355,55 @@ ofproto_rule_update_used(struct rule *rule, long long int used)
  * OpenFlow flows. */
 void
 ofproto_rule_expire(struct rule *rule, uint8_t reason)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = rule->ofproto;
-    struct ofopgroup *group;
 
-    ovs_assert(reason == OFPRR_HARD_TIMEOUT || reason == OFPRR_IDLE_TIMEOUT);
+    ovs_assert(reason == OFPRR_HARD_TIMEOUT || reason == OFPRR_IDLE_TIMEOUT
+               || reason == OFPRR_DELETE || reason == OFPRR_GROUP_DELETE);
 
-    ofproto_rule_send_removed(rule, reason);
+    ofproto_rule_delete__(ofproto, rule, reason);
+}
 
-    group = ofopgroup_create_unattached(ofproto);
-    ofoperation_create(group, rule, OFOPERATION_DELETE, reason);
-    oftable_remove_rule(rule);
-    ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_destruct(rule);
-    ofopgroup_submit(group);
+/* Reduces '*timeout' to no more than 'max'.  A value of zero in either case
+ * means "infinite". */
+static void
+reduce_timeout(uint16_t max, uint16_t *timeout)
+{
+    if (max && (!*timeout || *timeout > max)) {
+        *timeout = max;
+    }
+}
+
+/* If 'idle_timeout' is nonzero, and 'rule' has no idle timeout or an idle
+ * timeout greater than 'idle_timeout', lowers 'rule''s idle timeout to
+ * 'idle_timeout' seconds.  Similarly for 'hard_timeout'.
+ *
+ * Suitable for implementing OFPACT_FIN_TIMEOUT. */
+void
+ofproto_rule_reduce_timeouts(struct rule *rule,
+                             uint16_t idle_timeout, uint16_t hard_timeout)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex, rule->mutex)
+{
+    if (!idle_timeout && !hard_timeout) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
+    if (list_is_empty(&rule->expirable)) {
+        list_insert(&rule->ofproto->expirable, &rule->expirable);
+    }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+    reduce_timeout(idle_timeout, &rule->idle_timeout);
+    reduce_timeout(hard_timeout, &rule->hard_timeout);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
 }
 \f
 static enum ofperr
 handle_flow_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
     struct ofputil_flow_mod fm;
@@ -3737,7 +4419,12 @@ handle_flow_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
 
     ofpbuf_use_stub(&ofpacts, ofpacts_stub, sizeof ofpacts_stub);
     error = ofputil_decode_flow_mod(&fm, oh, ofconn_get_protocol(ofconn),
-                                    &ofpacts);
+                                    &ofpacts,
+                                    u16_to_ofp(ofproto->max_ports),
+                                    ofproto->n_tables);
+    if (!error) {
+        error = ofproto_check_ofpacts(ofproto, fm.ofpacts, fm.ofpacts_len);
+    }
     if (!error) {
         error = handle_flow_mod__(ofproto, ofconn, &fm, oh);
     }
@@ -3780,36 +4467,50 @@ exit:
 static enum ofperr
 handle_flow_mod__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
                   struct ofputil_flow_mod *fm, const struct ofp_header *oh)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    if (ofproto->n_pending >= 50) {
-        ovs_assert(!list_is_empty(&ofproto->pending));
-        return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-    }
+    enum ofperr error;
 
-    switch (fm->command) {
-    case OFPFC_ADD:
-        return add_flow(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
+    if (ofproto->n_pending < 50) {
+        switch (fm->command) {
+        case OFPFC_ADD:
+            error = add_flow(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
+            break;
 
-    case OFPFC_MODIFY:
-        return modify_flows_loose(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
+        case OFPFC_MODIFY:
+            error = modify_flows_loose(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
+            break;
 
-    case OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT:
-        return modify_flow_strict(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
+        case OFPFC_MODIFY_STRICT:
+            error = modify_flow_strict(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
+            break;
 
-    case OFPFC_DELETE:
-        return delete_flows_loose(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
+        case OFPFC_DELETE:
+            error = delete_flows_loose(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
+            break;
 
-    case OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT:
-        return delete_flow_strict(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
+        case OFPFC_DELETE_STRICT:
+            error = delete_flow_strict(ofproto, ofconn, fm, oh);
+            break;
 
-    default:
-        if (fm->command > 0xff) {
-            VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: flow_mod has explicit table_id but "
-                         "flow_mod_table_id extension is not enabled",
-                         ofproto->name);
+        default:
+            if (fm->command > 0xff) {
+                VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: flow_mod has explicit table_id but "
+                             "flow_mod_table_id extension is not enabled",
+                             ofproto->name);
+            }
+            error = OFPERR_OFPFMFC_BAD_COMMAND;
+            break;
         }
-        return OFPERR_OFPFMFC_BAD_COMMAND;
+    } else {
+        ovs_assert(!list_is_empty(&ofproto->pending));
+        error = OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
     }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
+
+    run_rule_executes(ofproto);
+    return error;
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
@@ -3931,6 +4632,31 @@ handle_nxt_set_async_config(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
     return 0;
 }
 
+static enum ofperr
+handle_nxt_get_async_request(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
+{
+    struct ofpbuf *buf;
+    uint32_t master[OAM_N_TYPES];
+    uint32_t slave[OAM_N_TYPES];
+    struct nx_async_config *msg;
+
+    ofconn_get_async_config(ofconn, master, slave);
+    buf = ofpraw_alloc_reply(OFPRAW_OFPT13_GET_ASYNC_REPLY, oh, 0);
+    msg = ofpbuf_put_zeros(buf, sizeof *msg);
+
+    msg->packet_in_mask[0] = htonl(master[OAM_PACKET_IN]);
+    msg->port_status_mask[0] = htonl(master[OAM_PORT_STATUS]);
+    msg->flow_removed_mask[0] = htonl(master[OAM_FLOW_REMOVED]);
+
+    msg->packet_in_mask[1] = htonl(slave[OAM_PACKET_IN]);
+    msg->port_status_mask[1] = htonl(slave[OAM_PORT_STATUS]);
+    msg->flow_removed_mask[1] = htonl(slave[OAM_FLOW_REMOVED]);
+
+    ofconn_send_reply(ofconn, buf);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
 static enum ofperr
 handle_nxt_set_controller_id(struct ofconn *ofconn,
                              const struct ofp_header *oh)
@@ -3965,12 +4691,14 @@ static void
 ofproto_compose_flow_refresh_update(const struct rule *rule,
                                     enum nx_flow_monitor_flags flags,
                                     struct list *msgs)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofoperation *op = rule->pending;
+    const struct rule_actions *actions;
     struct ofputil_flow_update fu;
     struct match match;
 
-    if (op && op->type == OFOPERATION_ADD && !op->victim) {
+    if (op && op->type == OFOPERATION_ADD) {
         /* We'll report the final flow when the operation completes.  Reporting
          * it now would cause a duplicate report later. */
         return;
@@ -3979,50 +4707,42 @@ ofproto_compose_flow_refresh_update(const struct rule *rule,
     fu.event = (flags & (NXFMF_INITIAL | NXFMF_ADD)
                 ? NXFME_ADDED : NXFME_MODIFIED);
     fu.reason = 0;
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
     fu.idle_timeout = rule->idle_timeout;
     fu.hard_timeout = rule->hard_timeout;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
     fu.table_id = rule->table_id;
     fu.cookie = rule->flow_cookie;
     minimatch_expand(&rule->cr.match, &match);
     fu.match = &match;
     fu.priority = rule->cr.priority;
+
     if (!(flags & NXFMF_ACTIONS)) {
-        fu.ofpacts = NULL;
-        fu.ofpacts_len = 0;
+        actions = NULL;
     } else if (!op) {
-        fu.ofpacts = rule->ofpacts;
-        fu.ofpacts_len = rule->ofpacts_len;
+        actions = rule->actions;
     } else {
         /* An operation is in progress.  Use the previous version of the flow's
          * actions, so that when the operation commits we report the change. */
         switch (op->type) {
         case OFOPERATION_ADD:
-            /* We already verified that there was a victim. */
-            fu.ofpacts = op->victim->ofpacts;
-            fu.ofpacts_len = op->victim->ofpacts_len;
-            break;
+            NOT_REACHED();
 
         case OFOPERATION_MODIFY:
-            if (op->ofpacts) {
-                fu.ofpacts = op->ofpacts;
-                fu.ofpacts_len = op->ofpacts_len;
-            } else {
-                fu.ofpacts = rule->ofpacts;
-                fu.ofpacts_len = rule->ofpacts_len;
-            }
+        case OFOPERATION_REPLACE:
+            actions = op->actions ? op->actions : rule->actions;
             break;
 
         case OFOPERATION_DELETE:
-            fu.ofpacts = rule->ofpacts;
-            fu.ofpacts_len = rule->ofpacts_len;
+            actions = rule->actions;
             break;
 
         default:
             NOT_REACHED();
         }
     }
+    fu.ofpacts = actions ? actions->ofpacts : NULL;
+    fu.ofpacts_len = actions ? actions->ofpacts_len : 0;
 
     if (list_is_empty(msgs)) {
         ofputil_start_flow_update(msgs);
@@ -4031,11 +4751,14 @@ ofproto_compose_flow_refresh_update(const struct rule *rule,
 }
 
 void
-ofmonitor_compose_refresh_updates(struct list *rules, struct list *msgs)
+ofmonitor_compose_refresh_updates(struct rule_collection *rules,
+                                  struct list *msgs)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct rule *rule;
+    size_t i;
 
-    LIST_FOR_EACH (rule, ofproto_node, rules) {
+    for (i = 0; i < rules->n; i++) {
+        struct rule *rule = rules->rules[i];
         enum nx_flow_monitor_flags flags = rule->monitor_flags;
         rule->monitor_flags = 0;
 
@@ -4046,7 +4769,8 @@ ofmonitor_compose_refresh_updates(struct list *rules, struct list *msgs)
 static void
 ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rule(const struct ofmonitor *m,
                                        struct rule *rule, uint64_t seqno,
-                                       struct list *rules)
+                                       struct rule_collection *rules)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     enum nx_flow_monitor_flags update;
 
@@ -4077,7 +4801,7 @@ ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rule(const struct ofmonitor *m,
     }
 
     if (!rule->monitor_flags) {
-        list_push_back(rules, &rule->ofproto_node);
+        rule_collection_add(rules, rule);
     }
     rule->monitor_flags |= update | (m->flags & NXFMF_ACTIONS);
 }
@@ -4085,7 +4809,8 @@ ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rule(const struct ofmonitor *m,
 static void
 ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rules(const struct ofmonitor *m,
                                         uint64_t seqno,
-                                        struct list *rules)
+                                        struct rule_collection *rules)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     const struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(m->ofconn);
     const struct ofoperation *op;
@@ -4097,11 +4822,13 @@ ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rules(const struct ofmonitor *m,
         struct cls_cursor cursor;
         struct rule *rule;
 
+        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
         cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, &target);
         CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (rule, cr, &cursor) {
             ovs_assert(!rule->pending); /* XXX */
             ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rule(m, rule, seqno, rules);
         }
+        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     }
 
     HMAP_FOR_EACH (op, hmap_node, &ofproto->deletions) {
@@ -4119,7 +4846,8 @@ ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rules(const struct ofmonitor *m,
 
 static void
 ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_initial_rules(struct ofmonitor *m,
-                                        struct list *rules)
+                                        struct rule_collection *rules)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     if (m->flags & NXFMF_INITIAL) {
         ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rules(m, 0, rules);
@@ -4128,20 +4856,22 @@ ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_initial_rules(struct ofmonitor *m,
 
 void
 ofmonitor_collect_resume_rules(struct ofmonitor *m,
-                               uint64_t seqno, struct list *rules)
+                               uint64_t seqno, struct rule_collection *rules)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_refresh_rules(m, seqno, rules);
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
 handle_flow_monitor_request(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
     struct ofmonitor **monitors;
     size_t n_monitors, allocated_monitors;
+    struct rule_collection rules;
     struct list replies;
     enum ofperr error;
-    struct list rules;
     struct ofpbuf b;
     size_t i;
 
@@ -4149,6 +4879,8 @@ handle_flow_monitor_request(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
     ofpbuf_use_const(&b, oh, ntohs(oh->length));
     monitors = NULL;
     n_monitors = allocated_monitors = 0;
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
     for (;;) {
         struct ofputil_flow_monitor_request request;
         struct ofmonitor *m;
@@ -4180,15 +4912,18 @@ handle_flow_monitor_request(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
         monitors[n_monitors++] = m;
     }
 
-    list_init(&rules);
+    rule_collection_init(&rules);
     for (i = 0; i < n_monitors; i++) {
         ofproto_collect_ofmonitor_initial_rules(monitors[i], &rules);
     }
 
     ofpmp_init(&replies, oh);
     ofmonitor_compose_refresh_updates(&rules, &replies);
-    ofconn_send_replies(ofconn, &replies);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
+
+    rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
 
+    ofconn_send_replies(ofconn, &replies);
     free(monitors);
 
     return 0;
@@ -4198,23 +4933,32 @@ error:
         ofmonitor_destroy(monitors[i]);
     }
     free(monitors);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
+
     return error;
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
 handle_flow_monitor_cancel(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofmonitor *m;
+    enum ofperr error;
     uint32_t id;
 
     id = ofputil_decode_flow_monitor_cancel(oh);
+
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
     m = ofmonitor_lookup(ofconn, id);
-    if (!m) {
-        return OFPERR_NXBRC_FM_BAD_ID;
+    if (m) {
+        ofmonitor_destroy(m);
+        error = 0;
+    } else {
+        error = OFPERR_NXBRC_FM_BAD_ID;
     }
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
 
-    ofmonitor_destroy(m);
-    return 0;
+    return error;
 }
 
 /* Meters implementation.
@@ -4239,13 +4983,10 @@ struct meter {
 /*
  * This is used in instruction validation at flow set-up time,
  * as flows may not use non-existing meters.
- * This is also used by ofproto-providers to translate OpenFlow meter_ids
- * in METER instructions to the corresponding provider meter IDs.
  * Return value of UINT32_MAX signifies an invalid meter.
  */
-uint32_t
-ofproto_get_provider_meter_id(const struct ofproto * ofproto,
-                              uint32_t of_meter_id)
+static uint32_t
+get_provider_meter_id(const struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t of_meter_id)
 {
     if (of_meter_id && of_meter_id <= ofproto->meter_features.max_meters) {
         const struct meter *meter = ofproto->meters[of_meter_id];
@@ -4285,6 +5026,7 @@ meter_create(const struct ofputil_meter_config *config,
 
 static void
 meter_delete(struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t first, uint32_t last)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     uint32_t mid;
     for (mid = first; mid <= last; ++mid) {
@@ -4316,7 +5058,7 @@ handle_add_meter(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_meter_mod *mm)
         ovs_assert(provider_meter_id.uint32 != UINT32_MAX);
         *meterp = meter_create(&mm->meter, provider_meter_id);
     }
-    return 0;
+    return error;
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
@@ -4324,15 +5066,17 @@ handle_modify_meter(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_meter_mod *mm)
 {
     struct meter *meter = ofproto->meters[mm->meter.meter_id];
     enum ofperr error;
+    uint32_t provider_meter_id;
 
     if (!meter) {
         return OFPERR_OFPMMFC_UNKNOWN_METER;
     }
 
+    provider_meter_id = meter->provider_meter_id.uint32;
     error = ofproto->ofproto_class->meter_set(ofproto,
                                               &meter->provider_meter_id,
                                               &mm->meter);
-    ovs_assert(meter->provider_meter_id.uint32 != UINT32_MAX);
+    ovs_assert(meter->provider_meter_id.uint32 == provider_meter_id);
     if (!error) {
         meter_update(meter, &mm->meter);
     }
@@ -4342,11 +5086,13 @@ handle_modify_meter(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_meter_mod *mm)
 static enum ofperr
 handle_delete_meter(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh,
                     struct ofputil_meter_mod *mm)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
     uint32_t meter_id = mm->meter.meter_id;
+    struct rule_collection rules;
+    enum ofperr error = 0;
     uint32_t first, last;
-    struct list rules;
 
     if (meter_id == OFPM13_ALL) {
         first = 1;
@@ -4358,179 +5104,701 @@ handle_delete_meter(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh,
         first = last = meter_id;
     }
 
-    /* First delete the rules that use this meter.  If any of those rules are
-     * currently being modified, postpone the whole operation until later. */
-    list_init(&rules);
-    for (meter_id = first; meter_id <= last; ++meter_id) {
-        struct meter *meter = ofproto->meters[meter_id];
-        if (meter && !list_is_empty(&meter->rules)) {
-            struct rule *rule;
+    /* First delete the rules that use this meter.  If any of those rules are
+     * currently being modified, postpone the whole operation until later. */
+    rule_collection_init(&rules);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
+    for (meter_id = first; meter_id <= last; ++meter_id) {
+        struct meter *meter = ofproto->meters[meter_id];
+        if (meter && !list_is_empty(&meter->rules)) {
+            struct rule *rule;
+
+            LIST_FOR_EACH (rule, meter_list_node, &meter->rules) {
+                if (rule->pending) {
+                    error = OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
+                    goto exit;
+                }
+                rule_collection_add(&rules, rule);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if (rules.n > 0) {
+        delete_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, oh, &rules, OFPRR_METER_DELETE);
+    }
+
+    /* Delete the meters. */
+    meter_delete(ofproto, first, last);
+
+exit:
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
+    rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
+
+    return error;
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+handle_meter_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
+{
+    struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
+    struct ofputil_meter_mod mm;
+    uint64_t bands_stub[256 / 8];
+    struct ofpbuf bands;
+    uint32_t meter_id;
+    enum ofperr error;
+
+    error = reject_slave_controller(ofconn);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    ofpbuf_use_stub(&bands, bands_stub, sizeof bands_stub);
+
+    error = ofputil_decode_meter_mod(oh, &mm, &bands);
+    if (error) {
+        goto exit_free_bands;
+    }
+
+    meter_id = mm.meter.meter_id;
+
+    if (mm.command != OFPMC13_DELETE) {
+        /* Fails also when meters are not implemented by the provider. */
+        if (meter_id == 0 || meter_id > OFPM13_MAX) {
+            error = OFPERR_OFPMMFC_INVALID_METER;
+            goto exit_free_bands;
+        } else if (meter_id > ofproto->meter_features.max_meters) {
+            error = OFPERR_OFPMMFC_OUT_OF_METERS;
+            goto exit_free_bands;
+        }
+        if (mm.meter.n_bands > ofproto->meter_features.max_bands) {
+            error = OFPERR_OFPMMFC_OUT_OF_BANDS;
+            goto exit_free_bands;
+        }
+    }
+
+    switch (mm.command) {
+    case OFPMC13_ADD:
+        error = handle_add_meter(ofproto, &mm);
+        break;
+
+    case OFPMC13_MODIFY:
+        error = handle_modify_meter(ofproto, &mm);
+        break;
+
+    case OFPMC13_DELETE:
+        error = handle_delete_meter(ofconn, oh, &mm);
+        break;
+
+    default:
+        error = OFPERR_OFPMMFC_BAD_COMMAND;
+        break;
+    }
+
+exit_free_bands:
+    ofpbuf_uninit(&bands);
+    return error;
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+handle_meter_features_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
+                              const struct ofp_header *request)
+{
+    struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
+    struct ofputil_meter_features features;
+    struct ofpbuf *b;
+
+    if (ofproto->ofproto_class->meter_get_features) {
+        ofproto->ofproto_class->meter_get_features(ofproto, &features);
+    } else {
+        memset(&features, 0, sizeof features);
+    }
+    b = ofputil_encode_meter_features_reply(&features, request);
+
+    ofconn_send_reply(ofconn, b);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+handle_meter_request(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *request,
+                     enum ofptype type)
+{
+    struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
+    struct list replies;
+    uint64_t bands_stub[256 / 8];
+    struct ofpbuf bands;
+    uint32_t meter_id, first, last;
+
+    ofputil_decode_meter_request(request, &meter_id);
+
+    if (meter_id == OFPM13_ALL) {
+        first = 1;
+        last = ofproto->meter_features.max_meters;
+    } else {
+        if (!meter_id || meter_id > ofproto->meter_features.max_meters ||
+            !ofproto->meters[meter_id]) {
+            return OFPERR_OFPMMFC_UNKNOWN_METER;
+        }
+        first = last = meter_id;
+    }
+
+    ofpbuf_use_stub(&bands, bands_stub, sizeof bands_stub);
+    ofpmp_init(&replies, request);
+
+    for (meter_id = first; meter_id <= last; ++meter_id) {
+        struct meter *meter = ofproto->meters[meter_id];
+        if (!meter) {
+            continue; /* Skip non-existing meters. */
+        }
+        if (type == OFPTYPE_METER_STATS_REQUEST) {
+            struct ofputil_meter_stats stats;
+
+            stats.meter_id = meter_id;
+
+            /* Provider sets the packet and byte counts, we do the rest. */
+            stats.flow_count = list_size(&meter->rules);
+            calc_duration(meter->created, time_msec(),
+                          &stats.duration_sec, &stats.duration_nsec);
+            stats.n_bands = meter->n_bands;
+            ofpbuf_clear(&bands);
+            stats.bands
+                = ofpbuf_put_uninit(&bands,
+                                    meter->n_bands * sizeof *stats.bands);
+
+            if (!ofproto->ofproto_class->meter_get(ofproto,
+                                                   meter->provider_meter_id,
+                                                   &stats)) {
+                ofputil_append_meter_stats(&replies, &stats);
+            }
+        } else { /* type == OFPTYPE_METER_CONFIG_REQUEST */
+            struct ofputil_meter_config config;
+
+            config.meter_id = meter_id;
+            config.flags = meter->flags;
+            config.n_bands = meter->n_bands;
+            config.bands = meter->bands;
+            ofputil_append_meter_config(&replies, &config);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ofconn_send_replies(ofconn, &replies);
+    ofpbuf_uninit(&bands);
+    return 0;
+}
+
+bool
+ofproto_group_lookup(const struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t group_id,
+                     struct ofgroup **group)
+    OVS_TRY_RDLOCK(true, (*group)->rwlock)
+{
+    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH_IN_BUCKET (*group, hmap_node,
+                             hash_int(group_id, 0), &ofproto->groups) {
+        if ((*group)->group_id == group_id) {
+            ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&(*group)->rwlock);
+            ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    return false;
+}
+
+void
+ofproto_group_release(struct ofgroup *group)
+    OVS_RELEASES(group->rwlock)
+{
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&group->rwlock);
+}
+
+static bool
+ofproto_group_write_lookup(const struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t group_id,
+                           struct ofgroup **group)
+    OVS_TRY_WRLOCK(true, ofproto->groups_rwlock)
+    OVS_TRY_WRLOCK(true, (*group)->rwlock)
+{
+    ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH_IN_BUCKET (*group, hmap_node,
+                             hash_int(group_id, 0), &ofproto->groups) {
+        if ((*group)->group_id == group_id) {
+            ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&(*group)->rwlock);
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool
+ofproto_group_exists__(const struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t group_id)
+    OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(ofproto->groups_rwlock)
+{
+    struct ofgroup *grp;
+
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH_IN_BUCKET (grp, hmap_node,
+                             hash_int(group_id, 0), &ofproto->groups) {
+        if (grp->group_id == group_id) {
+            return true;
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+static bool
+ofproto_group_exists(const struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t group_id)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto->groups_rwlock)
+{
+    bool exists;
+
+    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    exists = ofproto_group_exists__(ofproto, group_id);
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+
+    return exists;
+}
+
+static uint32_t
+group_get_ref_count(struct ofgroup *group)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    struct ofproto *ofproto = group->ofproto;
+    struct rule_criteria criteria;
+    struct rule_collection rules;
+    struct match match;
+    enum ofperr error;
+    uint32_t count;
+
+    match_init_catchall(&match);
+    rule_criteria_init(&criteria, 0xff, &match, 0, htonll(0), htonll(0),
+                       OFPP_ANY, group->group_id);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
+    error = collect_rules_loose(ofproto, &criteria, &rules);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
+    rule_criteria_destroy(&criteria);
+
+    count = !error && rules.n < UINT32_MAX ? rules.n : UINT32_MAX;
+
+    rule_collection_destroy(&rules);
+    return count;
+}
+
+static void
+append_group_stats(struct ofgroup *group, struct list *replies)
+    OVS_REQ_RDLOCK(group->rwlock)
+{
+    struct ofputil_group_stats ogs;
+    struct ofproto *ofproto = group->ofproto;
+    long long int now = time_msec();
+    int error;
+
+    ogs.bucket_stats = xmalloc(group->n_buckets * sizeof *ogs.bucket_stats);
+
+    /* Provider sets the packet and byte counts, we do the rest. */
+    ogs.ref_count = group_get_ref_count(group);
+    ogs.n_buckets = group->n_buckets;
+
+    error = (ofproto->ofproto_class->group_get_stats
+             ? ofproto->ofproto_class->group_get_stats(group, &ogs)
+             : EOPNOTSUPP);
+    if (error) {
+        ogs.packet_count = UINT64_MAX;
+        ogs.byte_count = UINT64_MAX;
+        memset(ogs.bucket_stats, 0xff,
+               ogs.n_buckets * sizeof *ogs.bucket_stats);
+    }
+
+    ogs.group_id = group->group_id;
+    calc_duration(group->created, now, &ogs.duration_sec, &ogs.duration_nsec);
+
+    ofputil_append_group_stats(replies, &ogs);
+
+    free(ogs.bucket_stats);
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+handle_group_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
+                           const struct ofp_header *request)
+{
+    struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
+    struct list replies;
+    enum ofperr error;
+    struct ofgroup *group;
+    uint32_t group_id;
+
+    error = ofputil_decode_group_stats_request(request, &group_id);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    ofpmp_init(&replies, request);
+
+    if (group_id == OFPG_ALL) {
+        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+        HMAP_FOR_EACH (group, hmap_node, &ofproto->groups) {
+            ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&group->rwlock);
+            append_group_stats(group, &replies);
+            ovs_rwlock_unlock(&group->rwlock);
+        }
+        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    } else {
+        if (ofproto_group_lookup(ofproto, group_id, &group)) {
+            append_group_stats(group, &replies);
+            ofproto_group_release(group);
+        }
+    }
+
+    ofconn_send_replies(ofconn, &replies);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+handle_group_desc_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
+                                const struct ofp_header *request)
+{
+    struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
+    struct list replies;
+    struct ofputil_group_desc gds;
+    struct ofgroup *group;
+
+    ofpmp_init(&replies, request);
+
+    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    HMAP_FOR_EACH (group, hmap_node, &ofproto->groups) {
+        gds.group_id = group->group_id;
+        gds.type = group->type;
+        ofputil_append_group_desc_reply(&gds, &group->buckets, &replies);
+    }
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+
+    ofconn_send_replies(ofconn, &replies);
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+handle_group_features_stats_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
+                                    const struct ofp_header *request)
+{
+    struct ofproto *p = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
+    struct ofpbuf *msg;
+
+    msg = ofputil_encode_group_features_reply(&p->ogf, request);
+    if (msg) {
+        ofconn_send_reply(ofconn, msg);
+    }
+
+    return 0;
+}
+
+static enum ofperr
+handle_queue_get_config_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
+                                const struct ofp_header *oh)
+{
+   struct ofproto *p = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
+   struct netdev_queue_dump queue_dump;
+   struct ofport *ofport;
+   unsigned int queue_id;
+   struct ofpbuf *reply;
+   struct smap details;
+   ofp_port_t request;
+   enum ofperr error;
+
+   error = ofputil_decode_queue_get_config_request(oh, &request);
+   if (error) {
+       return error;
+   }
+
+   ofport = ofproto_get_port(p, request);
+   if (!ofport) {
+      return OFPERR_OFPQOFC_BAD_PORT;
+   }
+
+   reply = ofputil_encode_queue_get_config_reply(oh);
+
+   smap_init(&details);
+   NETDEV_QUEUE_FOR_EACH (&queue_id, &details, &queue_dump, ofport->netdev) {
+       struct ofputil_queue_config queue;
+
+       /* None of the existing queues have compatible properties, so we
+        * hard-code omitting min_rate and max_rate. */
+       queue.queue_id = queue_id;
+       queue.min_rate = UINT16_MAX;
+       queue.max_rate = UINT16_MAX;
+       ofputil_append_queue_get_config_reply(reply, &queue);
+   }
+   smap_destroy(&details);
+
+   ofconn_send_reply(ofconn, reply);
+
+   return 0;
+}
+
+/* Implements OFPGC11_ADD
+ * in which no matching flow already exists in the flow table.
+ *
+ * Adds the flow specified by 'ofm', which is followed by 'n_actions'
+ * ofp_actions, to the ofproto's flow table.  Returns 0 on success, an OpenFlow
+ * error code on failure, or OFPROTO_POSTPONE if the operation cannot be
+ * initiated now but may be retried later.
+ *
+ * Upon successful return, takes ownership of 'fm->ofpacts'.  On failure,
+ * ownership remains with the caller.
+ *
+ * 'ofconn' is used to retrieve the packet buffer specified in ofm->buffer_id,
+ * if any. */
+static enum ofperr
+add_group(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_group_mod *gm)
+{
+    struct ofgroup *ofgroup;
+    enum ofperr error;
+
+    if (gm->group_id > OFPG_MAX) {
+        return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_INVALID_GROUP;
+    }
+    if (gm->type > OFPGT11_FF) {
+        return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_BAD_TYPE;
+    }
+
+    /* Allocate new group and initialize it. */
+    ofgroup = ofproto->ofproto_class->group_alloc();
+    if (!ofgroup) {
+        VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: failed to create group", ofproto->name);
+        return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_OUT_OF_GROUPS;
+    }
+
+    ovs_rwlock_init(&ofgroup->rwlock);
+    ofgroup->ofproto  = ofproto;
+    ofgroup->group_id = gm->group_id;
+    ofgroup->type     = gm->type;
+    ofgroup->created = ofgroup->modified = time_msec();
 
-            LIST_FOR_EACH (rule, meter_list_node, &meter->rules) {
-                if (rule->pending) {
-                    return OFPROTO_POSTPONE;
-                }
-                list_push_back(&rules, &rule->ofproto_node);
-            }
-        }
+    list_move(&ofgroup->buckets, &gm->buckets);
+    ofgroup->n_buckets = list_size(&ofgroup->buckets);
+
+    /* Construct called BEFORE any locks are held. */
+    error = ofproto->ofproto_class->group_construct(ofgroup);
+    if (error) {
+        goto free_out;
     }
-    if (!list_is_empty(&rules)) {
-        delete_flows__(ofproto, ofconn, oh, &rules, OFPRR_METER_DELETE);
+
+    /* We wrlock as late as possible to minimize the time we jam any other
+     * threads: No visible state changes before acquiring the lock. */
+    ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+
+    if (ofproto->n_groups[gm->type] >= ofproto->ogf.max_groups[gm->type]) {
+        error = OFPERR_OFPGMFC_OUT_OF_GROUPS;
+        goto unlock_out;
     }
 
-    /* Delete the meters. */
-    meter_delete(ofproto, first, last);
+    if (ofproto_group_exists__(ofproto, gm->group_id)) {
+        error = OFPERR_OFPGMFC_GROUP_EXISTS;
+        goto unlock_out;
+    }
 
-    return 0;
+    if (!error) {
+        /* Insert new group. */
+        hmap_insert(&ofproto->groups, &ofgroup->hmap_node,
+                    hash_int(ofgroup->group_id, 0));
+        ofproto->n_groups[ofgroup->type]++;
+
+        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+        return error;
+    }
+
+ unlock_out:
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    ofproto->ofproto_class->group_destruct(ofgroup);
+ free_out:
+    ofputil_bucket_list_destroy(&ofgroup->buckets);
+    ofproto->ofproto_class->group_dealloc(ofgroup);
+
+    return error;
 }
 
+/* Implements OFPFC_MODIFY.  Returns 0 on success or an OpenFlow error code on
+ * failure.
+ *
+ * 'ofconn' is used to retrieve the packet buffer specified in fm->buffer_id,
+ * if any. */
 static enum ofperr
-handle_meter_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
+modify_group(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofputil_group_mod *gm)
 {
-    struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
-    struct ofputil_meter_mod mm;
-    uint64_t bands_stub[256 / 8];
-    struct ofpbuf bands;
-    uint32_t meter_id;
+    struct ofgroup *ofgroup;
+    struct ofgroup *victim;
     enum ofperr error;
 
-    error = reject_slave_controller(ofconn);
-    if (error) {
-        return error;
+    if (gm->group_id > OFPG_MAX) {
+        return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_INVALID_GROUP;
     }
 
-    ofpbuf_use_stub(&bands, bands_stub, sizeof bands_stub);
-
-    error = ofputil_decode_meter_mod(oh, &mm, &bands);
-    if (error) {
-        goto exit_free_bands;
+    if (gm->type > OFPGT11_FF) {
+        return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_BAD_TYPE;
     }
 
-    meter_id = mm.meter.meter_id;
+    victim = ofproto->ofproto_class->group_alloc();
+    if (!victim) {
+        VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: failed to allocate group", ofproto->name);
+        return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_OUT_OF_GROUPS;
+    }
 
-    if (mm.command != OFPMC13_DELETE) {
-        /* Fails also when meters are not implemented by the provider. */
-        if (!meter_id || meter_id > ofproto->meter_features.max_meters) {
-            error = OFPERR_OFPMMFC_INVALID_METER;
-            goto exit_free_bands;
-        }
-        if (mm.meter.n_bands > ofproto->meter_features.max_bands) {
-            error = OFPERR_OFPMMFC_OUT_OF_BANDS;
-            goto exit_free_bands;
-        }
+    if (!ofproto_group_write_lookup(ofproto, gm->group_id, &ofgroup)) {
+        error = OFPERR_OFPGMFC_UNKNOWN_GROUP;
+        goto free_out;
+    }
+    /* Both group's and its container's write locks held now.
+     * Also, n_groups[] is protected by ofproto->groups_rwlock. */
+    if (ofgroup->type != gm->type
+        && ofproto->n_groups[gm->type] >= ofproto->ogf.max_groups[gm->type]) {
+        error = OFPERR_OFPGMFC_OUT_OF_GROUPS;
+        goto unlock_out;
     }
 
-    switch (mm.command) {
-    case OFPMC13_ADD:
-        error = handle_add_meter(ofproto, &mm);
-        break;
+    *victim = *ofgroup;
+    list_move(&victim->buckets, &ofgroup->buckets);
 
-    case OFPMC13_MODIFY:
-        error = handle_modify_meter(ofproto, &mm);
-        break;
+    ofgroup->type = gm->type;
+    list_move(&ofgroup->buckets, &gm->buckets);
+    ofgroup->n_buckets = list_size(&ofgroup->buckets);
 
-    case OFPMC13_DELETE:
-        error = handle_delete_meter(ofconn, oh, &mm);
-        break;
+    error = ofproto->ofproto_class->group_modify(ofgroup, victim);
+    if (!error) {
+        ofputil_bucket_list_destroy(&victim->buckets);
+        ofproto->n_groups[victim->type]--;
+        ofproto->n_groups[ofgroup->type]++;
+        ofgroup->modified = time_msec();
+    } else {
+        ofputil_bucket_list_destroy(&ofgroup->buckets);
 
-    default:
-        error = OFPERR_OFPMMFC_BAD_COMMAND;
-        break;
+        *ofgroup = *victim;
+        list_move(&ofgroup->buckets, &victim->buckets);
     }
 
-exit_free_bands:
-    ofpbuf_uninit(&bands);
+ unlock_out:
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofgroup->rwlock);
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+ free_out:
+    ofproto->ofproto_class->group_dealloc(victim);
     return error;
 }
 
-static enum ofperr
-handle_meter_features_request(struct ofconn *ofconn,
-                              const struct ofp_header *request)
+static void
+delete_group__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofgroup *ofgroup)
+    OVS_RELEASES(ofproto->groups_rwlock)
 {
-    struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
-    struct ofputil_meter_features features;
-    struct ofpbuf *b;
+    struct match match;
+    struct ofputil_flow_mod fm;
 
-    if (ofproto->ofproto_class->meter_get_features) {
-        ofproto->ofproto_class->meter_get_features(ofproto, &features);
+    /* Delete all flow entries containing this group in a group action */
+    match_init_catchall(&match);
+    flow_mod_init(&fm, &match, 0, NULL, 0, OFPFC_DELETE);
+    fm.out_group = ofgroup->group_id;
+    handle_flow_mod__(ofproto, NULL, &fm, NULL);
+
+    /* Must wait until existing readers are done,
+     * while holding the container's write lock at the same time. */
+    ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&ofgroup->rwlock);
+    hmap_remove(&ofproto->groups, &ofgroup->hmap_node);
+    /* No-one can find this group any more. */
+    ofproto->n_groups[ofgroup->type]--;
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+
+    ofproto->ofproto_class->group_destruct(ofgroup);
+    ofputil_bucket_list_destroy(&ofgroup->buckets);
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofgroup->rwlock);
+    ovs_rwlock_destroy(&ofgroup->rwlock);
+    ofproto->ofproto_class->group_dealloc(ofgroup);
+}
+
+/* Implements OFPGC_DELETE. */
+static void
+delete_group(struct ofproto *ofproto, uint32_t group_id)
+{
+    struct ofgroup *ofgroup;
+
+    ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+    if (group_id == OFPG_ALL) {
+        for (;;) {
+            struct hmap_node *node = hmap_first(&ofproto->groups);
+            if (!node) {
+                break;
+            }
+            ofgroup = CONTAINER_OF(node, struct ofgroup, hmap_node);
+            delete_group__(ofproto, ofgroup);
+            /* Lock for each node separately, so that we will not jam the
+             * other threads for too long time. */
+            ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
+        }
     } else {
-        memset(&features, 0, sizeof features);
+        HMAP_FOR_EACH_IN_BUCKET (ofgroup, hmap_node,
+                                 hash_int(group_id, 0), &ofproto->groups) {
+            if (ofgroup->group_id == group_id) {
+                delete_group__(ofproto, ofgroup);
+                return;
+            }
+        }
     }
-    b = ofputil_encode_meter_features_reply(&features, request);
-
-    ofconn_send_reply(ofconn, b);
-    return 0;
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&ofproto->groups_rwlock);
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
-handle_meter_request(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *request,
-                     enum ofptype type)
+handle_group_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = ofconn_get_ofproto(ofconn);
-    struct list replies;
-    uint64_t bands_stub[256 / 8];
-    struct ofpbuf bands;
-    uint32_t meter_id, first, last;
+    struct ofputil_group_mod gm;
+    enum ofperr error;
 
-    ofputil_decode_meter_request(request, &meter_id);
+    error = reject_slave_controller(ofconn);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
+    }
 
-    if (meter_id == OFPM13_ALL) {
-        first = 1;
-        last = ofproto->meter_features.max_meters;
-    } else {
-        if (!meter_id || meter_id > ofproto->meter_features.max_meters ||
-            !ofproto->meters[meter_id]) {
-            return OFPERR_OFPMMFC_UNKNOWN_METER;
-        }
-        first = last = meter_id;
+    error = ofputil_decode_group_mod(oh, &gm);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
     }
 
-    ofpbuf_use_stub(&bands, bands_stub, sizeof bands_stub);
-    ofpmp_init(&replies, request);
+    switch (gm.command) {
+    case OFPGC11_ADD:
+        return add_group(ofproto, &gm);
 
-    for (meter_id = first; meter_id <= last; ++meter_id) {
-        struct meter *meter = ofproto->meters[meter_id];
-        if (!meter) {
-            continue; /* Skip non-existing meters. */
-        }
-        if (type == OFPTYPE_METER_STATS_REQUEST) {
-            struct ofputil_meter_stats stats;
+    case OFPGC11_MODIFY:
+        return modify_group(ofproto, &gm);
 
-            stats.meter_id = meter_id;
+    case OFPGC11_DELETE:
+        delete_group(ofproto, gm.group_id);
+        return 0;
 
-            /* Provider sets the packet and byte counts, we do the rest. */
-            stats.flow_count = list_size(&meter->rules);
-            calc_duration(meter->created, time_msec(),
-                          &stats.duration_sec, &stats.duration_nsec);
-            stats.n_bands = meter->n_bands;
-            ofpbuf_clear(&bands);
-            stats.bands
-                = ofpbuf_put_uninit(&bands,
-                                    meter->n_bands * sizeof *stats.bands);
+    default:
+        if (gm.command > OFPGC11_DELETE) {
+            VLOG_WARN_RL(&rl, "%s: Invalid group_mod command type %d",
+                         ofproto->name, gm.command);
+        }
+        return OFPERR_OFPGMFC_BAD_COMMAND;
+    }
+}
 
-            if (!ofproto->ofproto_class->meter_get(ofproto,
-                                                   meter->provider_meter_id,
-                                                   &stats)) {
-                ofputil_append_meter_stats(&replies, &stats);
-            }
-        } else { /* type == OFPTYPE_METER_CONFIG_REQUEST */
-            struct ofputil_meter_config config;
+static enum ofperr
+handle_table_mod(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofp_header *oh)
+{
+    struct ofputil_table_mod tm;
+    enum ofperr error;
 
-            config.meter_id = meter_id;
-            config.flags = meter->flags;
-            config.n_bands = meter->n_bands;
-            config.bands = meter->bands;
-            ofputil_append_meter_config(&replies, &config);
-        }
+    error = reject_slave_controller(ofconn);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
     }
 
-    ofconn_send_replies(ofconn, &replies);
-    ofpbuf_uninit(&bands);
+    error = ofputil_decode_table_mod(oh, &tm);
+    if (error) {
+        return error;
+    }
+
+    /* XXX Actual table mod support is not implemented yet. */
     return 0;
 }
 
 static enum ofperr
 handle_openflow__(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *msg)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     const struct ofp_header *oh = msg->data;
     enum ofptype type;
@@ -4540,6 +5808,13 @@ handle_openflow__(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *msg)
     if (error) {
         return error;
     }
+    if (oh->version >= OFP13_VERSION && ofpmsg_is_stat_request(oh)
+        && ofpmp_more(oh)) {
+        /* We have no buffer implementation for multipart requests.
+         * Report overflow for requests which consists of multiple
+         * messages. */
+        return OFPERR_OFPBRC_MULTIPART_BUFFER_OVERFLOW;
+    }
 
     switch (type) {
         /* OpenFlow requests. */
@@ -4564,6 +5839,12 @@ handle_openflow__(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *msg)
     case OFPTYPE_FLOW_MOD:
         return handle_flow_mod(ofconn, oh);
 
+    case OFPTYPE_GROUP_MOD:
+        return handle_group_mod(ofconn, oh);
+
+    case OFPTYPE_TABLE_MOD:
+        return handle_table_mod(ofconn, oh);
+
     case OFPTYPE_METER_MOD:
         return handle_meter_mod(ofconn, oh);
 
@@ -4600,6 +5881,9 @@ handle_openflow__(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *msg)
     case OFPTYPE_SET_ASYNC_CONFIG:
         return handle_nxt_set_async_config(ofconn, oh);
 
+    case OFPTYPE_GET_ASYNC_REQUEST:
+        return handle_nxt_get_async_request(ofconn, oh);
+
         /* Statistics requests. */
     case OFPTYPE_DESC_STATS_REQUEST:
         return handle_desc_stats_request(ofconn, oh);
@@ -4632,14 +5916,17 @@ handle_openflow__(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *msg)
     case OFPTYPE_METER_FEATURES_STATS_REQUEST:
         return handle_meter_features_request(ofconn, oh);
 
-        /* FIXME: Change the following once they are implemented: */
-    case OFPTYPE_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REQUEST:
-    case OFPTYPE_GET_ASYNC_REQUEST:
     case OFPTYPE_GROUP_STATS_REQUEST:
+        return handle_group_stats_request(ofconn, oh);
+
     case OFPTYPE_GROUP_DESC_STATS_REQUEST:
+        return handle_group_desc_stats_request(ofconn, oh);
+
     case OFPTYPE_GROUP_FEATURES_STATS_REQUEST:
-    case OFPTYPE_TABLE_FEATURES_STATS_REQUEST:
-        return OFPERR_OFPBRC_BAD_TYPE;
+        return handle_group_features_stats_request(ofconn, oh);
+
+    case OFPTYPE_QUEUE_GET_CONFIG_REQUEST:
+        return handle_queue_get_config_request(ofconn, oh);
 
     case OFPTYPE_HELLO:
     case OFPTYPE_ERROR:
@@ -4668,14 +5955,21 @@ handle_openflow__(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *msg)
     case OFPTYPE_METER_STATS_REPLY:
     case OFPTYPE_METER_CONFIG_STATS_REPLY:
     case OFPTYPE_METER_FEATURES_STATS_REPLY:
+    case OFPTYPE_TABLE_FEATURES_STATS_REQUEST:
     case OFPTYPE_TABLE_FEATURES_STATS_REPLY:
+    case OFPTYPE_ROLE_STATUS:
     default:
-        return OFPERR_OFPBRC_BAD_TYPE;
+        if (ofpmsg_is_stat_request(oh)) {
+            return OFPERR_OFPBRC_BAD_STAT;
+        } else {
+            return OFPERR_OFPBRC_BAD_TYPE;
+        }
     }
 }
 
 static bool
 handle_openflow(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *ofp_msg)
+    OVS_EXCLUDED(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     int error = handle_openflow__(ofconn, ofp_msg);
     if (error && error != OFPROTO_POSTPONE) {
@@ -4694,6 +5988,7 @@ handle_openflow(struct ofconn *ofconn, const struct ofpbuf *ofp_msg)
  * ofoperation_create() and then submit it with ofopgroup_submit(). */
 static struct ofopgroup *
 ofopgroup_create_unattached(struct ofproto *ofproto)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofopgroup *group = xzalloc(sizeof *group);
     group->ofproto = ofproto;
@@ -4718,6 +6013,7 @@ ofopgroup_create_unattached(struct ofproto *ofproto)
 static struct ofopgroup *
 ofopgroup_create(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
                  const struct ofp_header *request, uint32_t buffer_id)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofopgroup *group = ofopgroup_create_unattached(ofproto);
     if (ofconn) {
@@ -4741,6 +6037,7 @@ ofopgroup_create(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct ofconn *ofconn,
  * groups. */
 static void
 ofopgroup_submit(struct ofopgroup *group)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     if (!group->n_running) {
         ofopgroup_complete(group);
@@ -4752,6 +6049,7 @@ ofopgroup_submit(struct ofopgroup *group)
 
 static void
 ofopgroup_complete(struct ofopgroup *group)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = group->ofproto;
 
@@ -4780,8 +6078,23 @@ ofopgroup_complete(struct ofopgroup *group)
                 error = ofconn_pktbuf_retrieve(group->ofconn, group->buffer_id,
                                                &packet, &in_port);
                 if (packet) {
+                    struct rule_execute *re;
+
                     ovs_assert(!error);
-                    error = rule_execute(op->rule, in_port, packet);
+
+                    ofproto_rule_ref(op->rule);
+
+                    re = xmalloc(sizeof *re);
+                    re->rule = op->rule;
+                    re->in_port = in_port;
+                    re->packet = packet;
+
+                    if (!guarded_list_push_back(&ofproto->rule_executes,
+                                                &re->list_node, 1024)) {
+                        ofproto_rule_unref(op->rule);
+                        ofpbuf_delete(re->packet);
+                        free(re);
+                    }
                 }
                 break;
             }
@@ -4809,19 +6122,31 @@ ofopgroup_complete(struct ofopgroup *group)
         if (!(op->error
               || ofproto_rule_is_hidden(rule)
               || (op->type == OFOPERATION_MODIFY
-                  && op->ofpacts
+                  && op->actions
                   && rule->flow_cookie == op->flow_cookie))) {
             /* Check that we can just cast from ofoperation_type to
              * nx_flow_update_event. */
-            BUILD_ASSERT_DECL((enum nx_flow_update_event) OFOPERATION_ADD
-                              == NXFME_ADDED);
-            BUILD_ASSERT_DECL((enum nx_flow_update_event) OFOPERATION_DELETE
-                              == NXFME_DELETED);
-            BUILD_ASSERT_DECL((enum nx_flow_update_event) OFOPERATION_MODIFY
-                              == NXFME_MODIFIED);
-
-            ofmonitor_report(ofproto->connmgr, rule,
-                             (enum nx_flow_update_event) op->type,
+            enum nx_flow_update_event event_type;
+
+            switch (op->type) {
+            case OFOPERATION_ADD:
+            case OFOPERATION_REPLACE:
+                event_type = NXFME_ADDED;
+                break;
+
+            case OFOPERATION_DELETE:
+                event_type = NXFME_DELETED;
+                break;
+
+            case OFOPERATION_MODIFY:
+                event_type = NXFME_MODIFIED;
+                break;
+
+            default:
+                NOT_REACHED();
+            }
+
+            ofmonitor_report(ofproto->connmgr, rule, event_type,
                              op->reason, abbrev_ofconn, abbrev_xid);
         }
 
@@ -4832,7 +6157,6 @@ ofopgroup_complete(struct ofopgroup *group)
             if (!op->error) {
                 uint16_t vid_mask;
 
-                ofproto_rule_destroy__(op->victim);
                 vid_mask = minimask_get_vid_mask(&rule->cr.match.mask);
                 if (vid_mask == VLAN_VID_MASK) {
                     if (ofproto->vlan_bitmap) {
@@ -4846,29 +6170,44 @@ ofopgroup_complete(struct ofopgroup *group)
                     }
                 }
             } else {
-                oftable_substitute_rule(rule, op->victim);
-                ofproto_rule_destroy__(rule);
+                oftable_remove_rule(rule);
+                ofproto_rule_unref(rule);
             }
             break;
 
         case OFOPERATION_DELETE:
             ovs_assert(!op->error);
-            ofproto_rule_destroy__(rule);
+            ofproto_rule_unref(rule);
             op->rule = NULL;
             break;
 
         case OFOPERATION_MODIFY:
+        case OFOPERATION_REPLACE:
             if (!op->error) {
-                rule->modified = time_msec();
+                long long int now = time_msec();
+
+                rule->modified = now;
+                if (op->type == OFOPERATION_REPLACE) {
+                    rule->created = rule->used = now;
+                }
             } else {
                 ofproto_rule_change_cookie(ofproto, rule, op->flow_cookie);
-                if (op->ofpacts) {
-                    free(rule->ofpacts);
-                    rule->ofpacts = op->ofpacts;
-                    rule->ofpacts_len = op->ofpacts_len;
-                    op->ofpacts = NULL;
-                    op->ofpacts_len = 0;
+                ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+                rule->idle_timeout = op->idle_timeout;
+                rule->hard_timeout = op->hard_timeout;
+                ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+                if (op->actions) {
+                    struct rule_actions *old_actions;
+
+                    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+                    old_actions = rule->actions;
+                    rule->actions = op->actions;
+                    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+
+                    op->actions = NULL;
+                    rule_actions_unref(old_actions);
                 }
+                rule->flags = op->flags;
             }
             break;
 
@@ -4909,6 +6248,7 @@ static struct ofoperation *
 ofoperation_create(struct ofopgroup *group, struct rule *rule,
                    enum ofoperation_type type,
                    enum ofp_flow_removed_reason reason)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = group->ofproto;
     struct ofoperation *op;
@@ -4922,6 +6262,11 @@ ofoperation_create(struct ofopgroup *group, struct rule *rule,
     op->type = type;
     op->reason = reason;
     op->flow_cookie = rule->flow_cookie;
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
+    op->idle_timeout = rule->idle_timeout;
+    op->hard_timeout = rule->hard_timeout;
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
+    op->flags = rule->flags;
 
     group->n_running++;
 
@@ -4935,6 +6280,7 @@ ofoperation_create(struct ofopgroup *group, struct rule *rule,
 
 static void
 ofoperation_destroy(struct ofoperation *op)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofopgroup *group = op->group;
 
@@ -4945,7 +6291,7 @@ ofoperation_destroy(struct ofoperation *op)
         hmap_remove(&group->ofproto->deletions, &op->hmap_node);
     }
     list_remove(&op->group_node);
-    free(op->ofpacts);
+    rule_actions_unref(op->actions);
     free(op);
 }
 
@@ -4953,14 +6299,7 @@ ofoperation_destroy(struct ofoperation *op)
  * indicate success or an OpenFlow error code on failure.
  *
  * If 'error' is 0, indicating success, the operation will be committed
- * permanently to the flow table.  There is one interesting subcase:
- *
- *   - If 'op' is an "add flow" operation that is replacing an existing rule in
- *     the flow table (the "victim" rule) by a new one, then the caller must
- *     have uninitialized any derived state in the victim rule, as in step 5 in
- *     the "Life Cycle" in ofproto/ofproto-provider.h.  ofoperation_complete()
- *     performs steps 6 and 7 for the victim rule, most notably by calling its
- *     ->rule_dealloc() function.
+ * permanently to the flow table.
  *
  * If 'error' is nonzero, then generally the operation will be rolled back:
  *
@@ -4983,22 +6322,21 @@ ofoperation_complete(struct ofoperation *op, enum ofperr error)
 {
     struct ofopgroup *group = op->group;
 
-    ovs_assert(op->rule->pending == op);
     ovs_assert(group->n_running > 0);
     ovs_assert(!error || op->type != OFOPERATION_DELETE);
 
     op->error = error;
     if (!--group->n_running && !list_is_empty(&group->ofproto_node)) {
+        /* This function can be called from ->rule_construct(), in which case
+         * ofproto_mutex is held, or it can be called from ->run(), in which
+         * case ofproto_mutex is not held.  But only in the latter case can we
+         * arrive here, so we can safely take ofproto_mutex now. */
+        ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
+        ovs_assert(op->rule->pending == op);
         ofopgroup_complete(group);
+        ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
     }
 }
-
-struct rule *
-ofoperation_get_victim(struct ofoperation *op)
-{
-    ovs_assert(op->type == OFOPERATION_ADD);
-    return op->victim;
-}
 \f
 static uint64_t
 pick_datapath_id(const struct ofproto *ofproto)
@@ -5031,17 +6369,19 @@ pick_fallback_dpid(void)
 \f
 /* Table overflow policy. */
 
-/* Chooses and returns a rule to evict from 'table'.  Returns NULL if the table
- * is not configured to evict rules or if the table contains no evictable
- * rules.  (Rules with 'evictable' set to false or with no timeouts are not
- * evictable.) */
-static struct rule *
-choose_rule_to_evict(struct oftable *table)
+/* Chooses and updates 'rulep' with a rule to evict from 'table'.  Sets 'rulep'
+ * to NULL if the table is not configured to evict rules or if the table
+ * contains no evictable rules.  (Rules with a readlock on their evict rwlock,
+ * or with no timeouts are not evictable.) */
+static bool
+choose_rule_to_evict(struct oftable *table, struct rule **rulep)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct eviction_group *evg;
 
+    *rulep = NULL;
     if (!table->eviction_fields) {
-        return NULL;
+        return false;
     }
 
     /* In the common case, the outer and inner loops here will each be entered
@@ -5055,18 +6395,17 @@ choose_rule_to_evict(struct oftable *table)
      *     group has no evictable rules.
      *
      *   - The outer loop can exit only if table's 'max_flows' is all filled up
-     *     by unevictable rules'. */
+     *     by unevictable rules. */
     HEAP_FOR_EACH (evg, size_node, &table->eviction_groups_by_size) {
         struct rule *rule;
 
         HEAP_FOR_EACH (rule, evg_node, &evg->rules) {
-            if (rule->evictable) {
-                return rule;
-            }
+            *rulep = rule;
+            return true;
         }
     }
 
-    return NULL;
+    return false;
 }
 
 /* Searches 'ofproto' for tables that have more flows than their configured
@@ -5078,27 +6417,13 @@ choose_rule_to_evict(struct oftable *table)
 static void
 ofproto_evict(struct ofproto *ofproto)
 {
-    struct ofopgroup *group;
     struct oftable *table;
 
-    group = ofopgroup_create_unattached(ofproto);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&ofproto_mutex);
     OFPROTO_FOR_EACH_TABLE (table, ofproto) {
-        while (classifier_count(&table->cls) > table->max_flows
-               && table->eviction_fields) {
-            struct rule *rule;
-
-            rule = choose_rule_to_evict(table);
-            if (!rule || rule->pending) {
-                break;
-            }
-
-            ofoperation_create(group, rule,
-                               OFOPERATION_DELETE, OFPRR_EVICTION);
-            oftable_remove_rule(rule);
-            ofproto->ofproto_class->rule_destruct(rule);
-        }
+        evict_rules_from_table(ofproto, table, 0);
     }
-    ofopgroup_submit(group);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&ofproto_mutex);
 }
 \f
 /* Eviction groups. */
@@ -5117,6 +6442,7 @@ eviction_group_priority(size_t n_rules)
  * adds or removes rules in 'evg'. */
 static void
 eviction_group_resized(struct oftable *table, struct eviction_group *evg)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     heap_change(&table->eviction_groups_by_size, &evg->size_node,
                 eviction_group_priority(heap_count(&evg->rules)));
@@ -5132,6 +6458,7 @@ eviction_group_resized(struct oftable *table, struct eviction_group *evg)
  *   - Frees 'evg'. */
 static void
 eviction_group_destroy(struct oftable *table, struct eviction_group *evg)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     while (!heap_is_empty(&evg->rules)) {
         struct rule *rule;
@@ -5148,6 +6475,7 @@ eviction_group_destroy(struct oftable *table, struct eviction_group *evg)
 /* Removes 'rule' from its eviction group, if any. */
 static void
 eviction_group_remove_rule(struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     if (rule->eviction_group) {
         struct oftable *table = &rule->ofproto->tables[rule->table_id];
@@ -5167,6 +6495,7 @@ eviction_group_remove_rule(struct rule *rule)
  * returns the hash value. */
 static uint32_t
 eviction_group_hash_rule(struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct oftable *table = &rule->ofproto->tables[rule->table_id];
     const struct mf_subfield *sf;
@@ -5204,6 +6533,7 @@ eviction_group_hash_rule(struct rule *rule)
  * if necessary. */
 static struct eviction_group *
 eviction_group_find(struct oftable *table, uint32_t id)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct eviction_group *evg;
 
@@ -5225,6 +6555,7 @@ eviction_group_find(struct oftable *table, uint32_t id)
  * for eviction. */
 static uint32_t
 rule_eviction_priority(struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     long long int hard_expiration;
     long long int idle_expiration;
@@ -5232,7 +6563,7 @@ rule_eviction_priority(struct rule *rule)
     uint32_t expiration_offset;
 
     /* Calculate time of expiration. */
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
     hard_expiration = (rule->hard_timeout
                        ? rule->modified + rule->hard_timeout * 1000
                        : LLONG_MAX);
@@ -5240,7 +6571,7 @@ rule_eviction_priority(struct rule *rule)
                        ? rule->used + rule->idle_timeout * 1000
                        : LLONG_MAX);
     expiration = MIN(hard_expiration, idle_expiration);
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
     if (expiration == LLONG_MAX) {
         return 0;
     }
@@ -5264,14 +6595,15 @@ rule_eviction_priority(struct rule *rule)
  * The caller must ensure that 'rule' is not already in an eviction group. */
 static void
 eviction_group_add_rule(struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = rule->ofproto;
     struct oftable *table = &ofproto->tables[rule->table_id];
     bool has_timeout;
 
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
     has_timeout = rule->hard_timeout || rule->idle_timeout;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
 
     if (table->eviction_fields && has_timeout) {
         struct eviction_group *evg;
@@ -5292,7 +6624,7 @@ static void
 oftable_init(struct oftable *table)
 {
     memset(table, 0, sizeof *table);
-    classifier_init(&table->cls);
+    classifier_init(&table->cls, flow_segment_u32s);
     table->max_flows = UINT_MAX;
 }
 
@@ -5302,7 +6634,9 @@ oftable_init(struct oftable *table)
 static void
 oftable_destroy(struct oftable *table)
 {
+    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     ovs_assert(classifier_is_empty(&table->cls));
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     oftable_disable_eviction(table);
     classifier_destroy(&table->cls);
     free(table->name);
@@ -5334,6 +6668,7 @@ oftable_set_name(struct oftable *table, const char *name)
  * This function configures the former policy on 'table'. */
 static void
 oftable_disable_eviction(struct oftable *table)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     if (table->eviction_fields) {
         struct eviction_group *evg, *next;
@@ -5360,6 +6695,7 @@ oftable_disable_eviction(struct oftable *table)
 static void
 oftable_enable_eviction(struct oftable *table,
                         const struct mf_subfield *fields, size_t n_fields)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct cls_cursor cursor;
     struct rule *rule;
@@ -5382,81 +6718,74 @@ oftable_enable_eviction(struct oftable *table,
     hmap_init(&table->eviction_groups_by_id);
     heap_init(&table->eviction_groups_by_size);
 
+    ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     cls_cursor_init(&cursor, &table->cls, NULL);
     CLS_CURSOR_FOR_EACH (rule, cr, &cursor) {
         eviction_group_add_rule(rule);
     }
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
 }
 
 /* Removes 'rule' from the oftable that contains it. */
 static void
-oftable_remove_rule(struct rule *rule)
+oftable_remove_rule__(struct ofproto *ofproto, struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
-    struct ofproto *ofproto = rule->ofproto;
-    struct oftable *table = &ofproto->tables[rule->table_id];
+    struct classifier *cls = &ofproto->tables[rule->table_id].cls;
+
+    ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&cls->rwlock);
+    classifier_remove(cls, CONST_CAST(struct cls_rule *, &rule->cr));
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&cls->rwlock);
 
-    classifier_remove(&table->cls, &rule->cr);
-    if (rule->meter_id) {
-        list_remove(&rule->meter_list_node);
-    }
     cookies_remove(ofproto, rule);
+
     eviction_group_remove_rule(rule);
     if (!list_is_empty(&rule->expirable)) {
         list_remove(&rule->expirable);
     }
     if (!list_is_empty(&rule->meter_list_node)) {
         list_remove(&rule->meter_list_node);
+        list_init(&rule->meter_list_node);
     }
 }
 
-/* Inserts 'rule' into its oftable.  Removes any existing rule from 'rule''s
- * oftable that has an identical cls_rule.  Returns the rule that was removed,
- * if any, and otherwise NULL. */
-static struct rule *
-oftable_replace_rule(struct rule *rule)
+static void
+oftable_remove_rule(struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
+{
+    oftable_remove_rule__(rule->ofproto, rule);
+}
+
+/* Inserts 'rule' into its oftable, which must not already contain any rule for
+ * the same cls_rule. */
+static void
+oftable_insert_rule(struct rule *rule)
+    OVS_REQUIRES(ofproto_mutex)
 {
     struct ofproto *ofproto = rule->ofproto;
     struct oftable *table = &ofproto->tables[rule->table_id];
-    struct rule *victim;
     bool may_expire;
 
-    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_lock(&rule->mutex);
     may_expire = rule->hard_timeout || rule->idle_timeout;
-    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->timeout_mutex);
+    ovs_mutex_unlock(&rule->mutex);
 
     if (may_expire) {
         list_insert(&ofproto->expirable, &rule->expirable);
     }
+
     cookies_insert(ofproto, rule);
-    if (rule->meter_id) {
-        struct meter *meter = ofproto->meters[rule->meter_id];
-        list_insert(&meter->rules, &rule->meter_list_node);
-    }
-    victim = rule_from_cls_rule(classifier_replace(&table->cls, &rule->cr));
-    if (victim) {
-        if (victim->meter_id) {
-            list_remove(&victim->meter_list_node);
-        }
-        cookies_remove(ofproto, victim);
 
-        if (!list_is_empty(&victim->expirable)) {
-            list_remove(&victim->expirable);
-        }
-        eviction_group_remove_rule(victim);
+    if (rule->actions->provider_meter_id != UINT32_MAX) {
+        uint32_t meter_id = ofpacts_get_meter(rule->actions->ofpacts,
+                                              rule->actions->ofpacts_len);
+        struct meter *meter = ofproto->meters[meter_id];
+        list_insert(&meter->rules, &rule->meter_list_node);
     }
+    ovs_rwlock_wrlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
+    classifier_insert(&table->cls, CONST_CAST(struct cls_rule *, &rule->cr));
+    ovs_rwlock_unlock(&table->cls.rwlock);
     eviction_group_add_rule(rule);
-    return victim;
-}
-
-/* Removes 'old' from its oftable then, if 'new' is nonnull, inserts 'new'. */
-static void
-oftable_substitute_rule(struct rule *old, struct rule *new)
-{
-    if (new) {
-        oftable_replace_rule(new);
-    } else {
-        oftable_remove_rule(old);
-    }
 }
 \f
 /* unixctl commands. */
@@ -5522,9 +6851,10 @@ ofproto_get_vlan_usage(struct ofproto *ofproto, unsigned long int *vlan_bitmap)
     ofproto->vlans_changed = false;
 
     OFPROTO_FOR_EACH_TABLE (oftable, ofproto) {
-        const struct cls_table *table;
+        const struct cls_subtable *table;
 
-        HMAP_FOR_EACH (table, hmap_node, &oftable->cls.tables) {
+        ovs_rwlock_rdlock(&oftable->cls.rwlock);
+        HMAP_FOR_EACH (table, hmap_node, &oftable->cls.subtables) {
             if (minimask_get_vid_mask(&table->mask) == VLAN_VID_MASK) {
                 const struct cls_rule *rule;
 
@@ -5535,6 +6865,7 @@ ofproto_get_vlan_usage(struct ofproto *ofproto, unsigned long int *vlan_bitmap)
                 }
             }
         }
+        ovs_rwlock_unlock(&oftable->cls.rwlock);
     }
 }