#include <linux/skbuff.h>
+#include <linux/win_minmax.h>
#include <net/sock.h>
#include <net/inet_connection_sock.h>
#include <net/inet_timewait_sock.h>
u8 reord; /* reordering detected */
} rack;
u16 advmss; /* Advertised MSS */
- u8 unused;
+ u8 rate_app_limited:1, /* rate_{delivered,interval_us} limited? */
+ unused:7;
u8 nonagle : 4,/* Disable Nagle algorithm? */
thin_lto : 1,/* Use linear timeouts for thin streams */
thin_dupack : 1,/* Fast retransmit on first dupack */
u32 mdev_max_us; /* maximal mdev for the last rtt period */
u32 rttvar_us; /* smoothed mdev_max */
u32 rtt_seq; /* sequence number to update rttvar */
- struct rtt_meas {
- u32 rtt, ts; /* RTT in usec and sampling time in jiffies. */
- } rtt_min[3];
+ struct minmax rtt_min;
u32 packets_out; /* Packets which are "in flight" */
u32 retrans_out; /* Retransmitted packets out */
* receiver in Recovery. */
u32 prr_out; /* Total number of pkts sent during Recovery. */
u32 delivered; /* Total data packets delivered incl. rexmits */
+ u32 lost; /* Total data packets lost incl. rexmits */
+ u32 app_limited; /* limited until "delivered" reaches this val */
+ struct skb_mstamp first_tx_mstamp; /* start of window send phase */
+ struct skb_mstamp delivered_mstamp; /* time we reached "delivered" */
+ u32 rate_delivered; /* saved rate sample: packets delivered */
+ u32 rate_interval_us; /* saved rate sample: time elapsed */
u32 rcv_wnd; /* Current receiver window */
u32 write_seq; /* Tail(+1) of data held in tcp send buffer */
--- /dev/null
+/**
+ * lib/minmax.c: windowed min/max tracker by Kathleen Nichols.
+ *
+ */
+#ifndef MINMAX_H
+#define MINMAX_H
+
+#include <linux/types.h>
+
+/* A single data point for our parameterized min-max tracker */
+struct minmax_sample {
+ u32 t; /* time measurement was taken */
+ u32 v; /* value measured */
+};
+
+/* State for the parameterized min-max tracker */
+struct minmax {
+ struct minmax_sample s[3];
+};
+
+static inline u32 minmax_get(const struct minmax *m)
+{
+ return m->s[0].v;
+}
+
+static inline u32 minmax_reset(struct minmax *m, u32 t, u32 meas)
+{
+ struct minmax_sample val = { .t = t, .v = meas };
+
+ m->s[2] = m->s[1] = m->s[0] = val;
+ return m->s[0].v;
+}
+
+u32 minmax_running_max(struct minmax *m, u32 win, u32 t, u32 meas);
+u32 minmax_running_min(struct minmax *m, u32 win, u32 t, u32 meas);
+
+#endif
} icsk_mtup;
u32 icsk_user_timeout;
- u64 icsk_ca_priv[64 / sizeof(u64)];
-#define ICSK_CA_PRIV_SIZE (8 * sizeof(u64))
+ u64 icsk_ca_priv[88 / sizeof(u64)];
+#define ICSK_CA_PRIV_SIZE (11 * sizeof(u64))
};
#define ICSK_TIME_RETRANS 1 /* Retransmit timer */
#endif
/* tcp_output.c */
+u32 tcp_tso_autosize(const struct sock *sk, unsigned int mss_now,
+ int min_tso_segs);
void __tcp_push_pending_frames(struct sock *sk, unsigned int cur_mss,
int nonagle);
bool tcp_may_send_now(struct sock *sk);
/* Minimum RTT in usec. ~0 means not available. */
static inline u32 tcp_min_rtt(const struct tcp_sock *tp)
{
- return tp->rtt_min[0].rtt;
+ return minmax_get(&tp->rtt_min);
}
/* Compute the actual receive window we are currently advertising.
__u32 ack_seq; /* Sequence number ACK'd */
union {
struct {
- /* There is space for up to 20 bytes */
- __u32 in_flight;/* Bytes in flight when packet sent */
+ /* There is space for up to 24 bytes */
+ __u32 in_flight:30,/* Bytes in flight at transmit */
+ is_app_limited:1, /* cwnd not fully used? */
+ unused:1;
+ /* pkts S/ACKed so far upon tx of skb, incl retrans: */
+ __u32 delivered;
+ /* start of send pipeline phase */
+ struct skb_mstamp first_tx_mstamp;
+ /* when we reached the "delivered" count */
+ struct skb_mstamp delivered_mstamp;
} tx; /* only used for outgoing skbs */
union {
struct inet_skb_parm h4;
u32 in_flight;
};
+/* A rate sample measures the number of (original/retransmitted) data
+ * packets delivered "delivered" over an interval of time "interval_us".
+ * The tcp_rate.c code fills in the rate sample, and congestion
+ * control modules that define a cong_control function to run at the end
+ * of ACK processing can optionally chose to consult this sample when
+ * setting cwnd and pacing rate.
+ * A sample is invalid if "delivered" or "interval_us" is negative.
+ */
+struct rate_sample {
+ struct skb_mstamp prior_mstamp; /* starting timestamp for interval */
+ u32 prior_delivered; /* tp->delivered at "prior_mstamp" */
+ s32 delivered; /* number of packets delivered over interval */
+ long interval_us; /* time for tp->delivered to incr "delivered" */
+ long rtt_us; /* RTT of last (S)ACKed packet (or -1) */
+ int losses; /* number of packets marked lost upon ACK */
+ u32 acked_sacked; /* number of packets newly (S)ACKed upon ACK */
+ u32 prior_in_flight; /* in flight before this ACK */
+ bool is_app_limited; /* is sample from packet with bubble in pipe? */
+ bool is_retrans; /* is sample from retransmission? */
+};
+
struct tcp_congestion_ops {
struct list_head list;
u32 key;
u32 (*undo_cwnd)(struct sock *sk);
/* hook for packet ack accounting (optional) */
void (*pkts_acked)(struct sock *sk, const struct ack_sample *sample);
+ /* suggest number of segments for each skb to transmit (optional) */
+ u32 (*tso_segs_goal)(struct sock *sk);
+ /* returns the multiplier used in tcp_sndbuf_expand (optional) */
+ u32 (*sndbuf_expand)(struct sock *sk);
+ /* call when packets are delivered to update cwnd and pacing rate,
+ * after all the ca_state processing. (optional)
+ */
+ void (*cong_control)(struct sock *sk, const struct rate_sample *rs);
/* get info for inet_diag (optional) */
size_t (*get_info)(struct sock *sk, u32 ext, int *attr,
union tcp_cc_info *info);
icsk->icsk_ca_ops->cwnd_event(sk, event);
}
+/* From tcp_rate.c */
+void tcp_rate_skb_sent(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb);
+void tcp_rate_skb_delivered(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
+ struct rate_sample *rs);
+void tcp_rate_gen(struct sock *sk, u32 delivered, u32 lost,
+ struct skb_mstamp *now, struct rate_sample *rs);
+void tcp_rate_check_app_limited(struct sock *sk);
+
/* These functions determine how the current flow behaves in respect of SACK
* handling. SACK is negotiated with the peer, and therefore it can vary
* between different flows.
INET_DIAG_PEERS,
INET_DIAG_PAD,
INET_DIAG_MARK,
+ INET_DIAG_BBRINFO,
__INET_DIAG_MAX,
};
__u32 dctcp_ab_tot;
};
+/* INET_DIAG_BBRINFO */
+
+struct tcp_bbr_info {
+ /* u64 bw: max-filtered BW (app throughput) estimate in Byte per sec: */
+ __u32 bbr_bw_lo; /* lower 32 bits of bw */
+ __u32 bbr_bw_hi; /* upper 32 bits of bw */
+ __u32 bbr_min_rtt; /* min-filtered RTT in uSec */
+ __u32 bbr_pacing_gain; /* pacing gain shifted left 8 bits */
+ __u32 bbr_cwnd_gain; /* cwnd gain shifted left 8 bits */
+};
+
union tcp_cc_info {
struct tcpvegas_info vegas;
struct tcp_dctcp_info dctcp;
+ struct tcp_bbr_info bbr;
};
#endif /* _UAPI_INET_DIAG_H_ */
TCA_FQ_ORPHAN_MASK, /* mask applied to orphaned skb hashes */
+ TCA_FQ_LOW_RATE_THRESHOLD, /* per packet delay under this rate */
+
__TCA_FQ_MAX
};
__u8 tcpi_backoff;
__u8 tcpi_options;
__u8 tcpi_snd_wscale : 4, tcpi_rcv_wscale : 4;
+ __u8 tcpi_delivery_rate_app_limited:1;
__u32 tcpi_rto;
__u32 tcpi_ato;
__u32 tcpi_min_rtt;
__u32 tcpi_data_segs_in; /* RFC4898 tcpEStatsDataSegsIn */
__u32 tcpi_data_segs_out; /* RFC4898 tcpEStatsDataSegsOut */
+
+ __u64 tcpi_delivery_rate;
};
/* for TCP_MD5SIG socket option */
sha1.o chacha20.o md5.o irq_regs.o argv_split.o \
flex_proportions.o ratelimit.o show_mem.o \
is_single_threaded.o plist.o decompress.o kobject_uevent.o \
- earlycpio.o seq_buf.o nmi_backtrace.o nodemask.o
+ earlycpio.o seq_buf.o nmi_backtrace.o nodemask.o win_minmax.o
lib-$(CONFIG_MMU) += ioremap.o
lib-$(CONFIG_SMP) += cpumask.o
--- /dev/null
+/**
+ * lib/minmax.c: windowed min/max tracker
+ *
+ * Kathleen Nichols' algorithm for tracking the minimum (or maximum)
+ * value of a data stream over some fixed time interval. (E.g.,
+ * the minimum RTT over the past five minutes.) It uses constant
+ * space and constant time per update yet almost always delivers
+ * the same minimum as an implementation that has to keep all the
+ * data in the window.
+ *
+ * The algorithm keeps track of the best, 2nd best & 3rd best min
+ * values, maintaining an invariant that the measurement time of
+ * the n'th best >= n-1'th best. It also makes sure that the three
+ * values are widely separated in the time window since that bounds
+ * the worse case error when that data is monotonically increasing
+ * over the window.
+ *
+ * Upon getting a new min, we can forget everything earlier because
+ * it has no value - the new min is <= everything else in the window
+ * by definition and it's the most recent. So we restart fresh on
+ * every new min and overwrites 2nd & 3rd choices. The same property
+ * holds for 2nd & 3rd best.
+ */
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/win_minmax.h>
+
+/* As time advances, update the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd choices. */
+static u32 minmax_subwin_update(struct minmax *m, u32 win,
+ const struct minmax_sample *val)
+{
+ u32 dt = val->t - m->s[0].t;
+
+ if (unlikely(dt > win)) {
+ /*
+ * Passed entire window without a new val so make 2nd
+ * choice the new val & 3rd choice the new 2nd choice.
+ * we may have to iterate this since our 2nd choice
+ * may also be outside the window (we checked on entry
+ * that the third choice was in the window).
+ */
+ m->s[0] = m->s[1];
+ m->s[1] = m->s[2];
+ m->s[2] = *val;
+ if (unlikely(val->t - m->s[0].t > win)) {
+ m->s[0] = m->s[1];
+ m->s[1] = m->s[2];
+ m->s[2] = *val;
+ }
+ } else if (unlikely(m->s[1].t == m->s[0].t) && dt > win/4) {
+ /*
+ * We've passed a quarter of the window without a new val
+ * so take a 2nd choice from the 2nd quarter of the window.
+ */
+ m->s[2] = m->s[1] = *val;
+ } else if (unlikely(m->s[2].t == m->s[1].t) && dt > win/2) {
+ /*
+ * We've passed half the window without finding a new val
+ * so take a 3rd choice from the last half of the window
+ */
+ m->s[2] = *val;
+ }
+ return m->s[0].v;
+}
+
+/* Check if new measurement updates the 1st, 2nd or 3rd choice max. */
+u32 minmax_running_max(struct minmax *m, u32 win, u32 t, u32 meas)
+{
+ struct minmax_sample val = { .t = t, .v = meas };
+
+ if (unlikely(val.v >= m->s[0].v) || /* found new max? */
+ unlikely(val.t - m->s[2].t > win)) /* nothing left in window? */
+ return minmax_reset(m, t, meas); /* forget earlier samples */
+
+ if (unlikely(val.v >= m->s[1].v))
+ m->s[2] = m->s[1] = val;
+ else if (unlikely(val.v >= m->s[2].v))
+ m->s[2] = val;
+
+ return minmax_subwin_update(m, win, &val);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(minmax_running_max);
+
+/* Check if new measurement updates the 1st, 2nd or 3rd choice min. */
+u32 minmax_running_min(struct minmax *m, u32 win, u32 t, u32 meas)
+{
+ struct minmax_sample val = { .t = t, .v = meas };
+
+ if (unlikely(val.v <= m->s[0].v) || /* found new min? */
+ unlikely(val.t - m->s[2].t > win)) /* nothing left in window? */
+ return minmax_reset(m, t, meas); /* forget earlier samples */
+
+ if (unlikely(val.v <= m->s[1].v))
+ m->s[2] = m->s[1] = val;
+ else if (unlikely(val.v <= m->s[2].v))
+ m->s[2] = val;
+
+ return minmax_subwin_update(m, win, &val);
+}
D.A. Hayes and G. Armitage. "Revisiting TCP congestion control using
delay gradients." In Networking 2011. Preprint: http://goo.gl/No3vdg
+config TCP_CONG_BBR
+ tristate "BBR TCP"
+ default n
+ ---help---
+
+ BBR (Bottleneck Bandwidth and RTT) TCP congestion control aims to
+ maximize network utilization and minimize queues. It builds an explicit
+ model of the the bottleneck delivery rate and path round-trip
+ propagation delay. It tolerates packet loss and delay unrelated to
+ congestion. It can operate over LAN, WAN, cellular, wifi, or cable
+ modem links. It can coexist with flows that use loss-based congestion
+ control, and can operate with shallow buffers, deep buffers,
+ bufferbloat, policers, or AQM schemes that do not provide a delay
+ signal. It requires the fq ("Fair Queue") pacing packet scheduler.
+
choice
prompt "Default TCP congestion control"
default DEFAULT_CUBIC
config DEFAULT_CDG
bool "CDG" if TCP_CONG_CDG=y
+ config DEFAULT_BBR
+ bool "BBR" if TCP_CONG_BBR=y
+
config DEFAULT_RENO
bool "Reno"
endchoice
inet_timewait_sock.o inet_connection_sock.o \
tcp.o tcp_input.o tcp_output.o tcp_timer.o tcp_ipv4.o \
tcp_minisocks.o tcp_cong.o tcp_metrics.o tcp_fastopen.o \
- tcp_recovery.o \
+ tcp_rate.o tcp_recovery.o \
tcp_offload.o datagram.o raw.o udp.o udplite.o \
udp_offload.o arp.o icmp.o devinet.o af_inet.o igmp.o \
fib_frontend.o fib_semantics.o fib_trie.o \
obj-$(CONFIG_INET_TCP_DIAG) += tcp_diag.o
obj-$(CONFIG_INET_UDP_DIAG) += udp_diag.o
obj-$(CONFIG_NET_TCPPROBE) += tcp_probe.o
+obj-$(CONFIG_TCP_CONG_BBR) += tcp_bbr.o
obj-$(CONFIG_TCP_CONG_BIC) += tcp_bic.o
obj-$(CONFIG_TCP_CONG_CDG) += tcp_cdg.o
obj-$(CONFIG_TCP_CONG_CUBIC) += tcp_cubic.o
icsk->icsk_rto = TCP_TIMEOUT_INIT;
tp->mdev_us = jiffies_to_usecs(TCP_TIMEOUT_INIT);
- tp->rtt_min[0].rtt = ~0U;
+ minmax_reset(&tp->rtt_min, tcp_time_stamp, ~0U);
/* So many TCP implementations out there (incorrectly) count the
* initial SYN frame in their delayed-ACK and congestion control
*/
tp->snd_cwnd = TCP_INIT_CWND;
+ /* There's a bubble in the pipe until at least the first ACK. */
+ tp->app_limited = ~0U;
+
/* See draft-stevens-tcpca-spec-01 for discussion of the
* initialization of these values.
*/
flags);
lock_sock(sk);
+
+ tcp_rate_check_app_limited(sk); /* is sending application-limited? */
+
res = do_tcp_sendpages(sk, page, offset, size, flags);
release_sock(sk);
return res;
timeo = sock_sndtimeo(sk, flags & MSG_DONTWAIT);
+ tcp_rate_check_app_limited(sk); /* is sending application-limited? */
+
/* Wait for a connection to finish. One exception is TCP Fast Open
* (passive side) where data is allowed to be sent before a connection
* is fully established.
{
const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk); /* iff sk_type == SOCK_STREAM */
const struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
- u32 now = tcp_time_stamp;
+ u32 now = tcp_time_stamp, intv;
unsigned int start;
int notsent_bytes;
u64 rate64;
info->tcpi_min_rtt = tcp_min_rtt(tp);
info->tcpi_data_segs_in = tp->data_segs_in;
info->tcpi_data_segs_out = tp->data_segs_out;
+
+ info->tcpi_delivery_rate_app_limited = tp->rate_app_limited ? 1 : 0;
+ rate = READ_ONCE(tp->rate_delivered);
+ intv = READ_ONCE(tp->rate_interval_us);
+ if (rate && intv) {
+ rate64 = (u64)rate * tp->mss_cache * USEC_PER_SEC;
+ do_div(rate64, intv);
+ put_unaligned(rate64, &info->tcpi_delivery_rate);
+ }
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(tcp_get_info);
void __init tcp_init(void)
{
- unsigned long limit;
int max_rshare, max_wshare, cnt;
+ unsigned long limit;
unsigned int i;
- sock_skb_cb_check_size(sizeof(struct tcp_skb_cb));
+ BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct tcp_skb_cb) >
+ FIELD_SIZEOF(struct sk_buff, cb));
percpu_counter_init(&tcp_sockets_allocated, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
percpu_counter_init(&tcp_orphan_count, 0, GFP_KERNEL);
--- /dev/null
+/* Bottleneck Bandwidth and RTT (BBR) congestion control
+ *
+ * BBR congestion control computes the sending rate based on the delivery
+ * rate (throughput) estimated from ACKs. In a nutshell:
+ *
+ * On each ACK, update our model of the network path:
+ * bottleneck_bandwidth = windowed_max(delivered / elapsed, 10 round trips)
+ * min_rtt = windowed_min(rtt, 10 seconds)
+ * pacing_rate = pacing_gain * bottleneck_bandwidth
+ * cwnd = max(cwnd_gain * bottleneck_bandwidth * min_rtt, 4)
+ *
+ * The core algorithm does not react directly to packet losses or delays,
+ * although BBR may adjust the size of next send per ACK when loss is
+ * observed, or adjust the sending rate if it estimates there is a
+ * traffic policer, in order to keep the drop rate reasonable.
+ *
+ * BBR is described in detail in:
+ * "BBR: Congestion-Based Congestion Control",
+ * Neal Cardwell, Yuchung Cheng, C. Stephen Gunn, Soheil Hassas Yeganeh,
+ * Van Jacobson. ACM Queue, Vol. 14 No. 5, September-October 2016.
+ *
+ * There is a public e-mail list for discussing BBR development and testing:
+ * https://groups.google.com/forum/#!forum/bbr-dev
+ *
+ * NOTE: BBR *must* be used with the fq qdisc ("man tc-fq") with pacing enabled,
+ * since pacing is integral to the BBR design and implementation.
+ * BBR without pacing would not function properly, and may incur unnecessary
+ * high packet loss rates.
+ */
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <net/tcp.h>
+#include <linux/inet_diag.h>
+#include <linux/inet.h>
+#include <linux/random.h>
+#include <linux/win_minmax.h>
+
+/* Scale factor for rate in pkt/uSec unit to avoid truncation in bandwidth
+ * estimation. The rate unit ~= (1500 bytes / 1 usec / 2^24) ~= 715 bps.
+ * This handles bandwidths from 0.06pps (715bps) to 256Mpps (3Tbps) in a u32.
+ * Since the minimum window is >=4 packets, the lower bound isn't
+ * an issue. The upper bound isn't an issue with existing technologies.
+ */
+#define BW_SCALE 24
+#define BW_UNIT (1 << BW_SCALE)
+
+#define BBR_SCALE 8 /* scaling factor for fractions in BBR (e.g. gains) */
+#define BBR_UNIT (1 << BBR_SCALE)
+
+/* BBR has the following modes for deciding how fast to send: */
+enum bbr_mode {
+ BBR_STARTUP, /* ramp up sending rate rapidly to fill pipe */
+ BBR_DRAIN, /* drain any queue created during startup */
+ BBR_PROBE_BW, /* discover, share bw: pace around estimated bw */
+ BBR_PROBE_RTT, /* cut cwnd to min to probe min_rtt */
+};
+
+/* BBR congestion control block */
+struct bbr {
+ u32 min_rtt_us; /* min RTT in min_rtt_win_sec window */
+ u32 min_rtt_stamp; /* timestamp of min_rtt_us */
+ u32 probe_rtt_done_stamp; /* end time for BBR_PROBE_RTT mode */
+ struct minmax bw; /* Max recent delivery rate in pkts/uS << 24 */
+ u32 rtt_cnt; /* count of packet-timed rounds elapsed */
+ u32 next_rtt_delivered; /* scb->tx.delivered at end of round */
+ struct skb_mstamp cycle_mstamp; /* time of this cycle phase start */
+ u32 mode:3, /* current bbr_mode in state machine */
+ prev_ca_state:3, /* CA state on previous ACK */
+ packet_conservation:1, /* use packet conservation? */
+ restore_cwnd:1, /* decided to revert cwnd to old value */
+ round_start:1, /* start of packet-timed tx->ack round? */
+ tso_segs_goal:7, /* segments we want in each skb we send */
+ idle_restart:1, /* restarting after idle? */
+ probe_rtt_round_done:1, /* a BBR_PROBE_RTT round at 4 pkts? */
+ unused:5,
+ lt_is_sampling:1, /* taking long-term ("LT") samples now? */
+ lt_rtt_cnt:7, /* round trips in long-term interval */
+ lt_use_bw:1; /* use lt_bw as our bw estimate? */
+ u32 lt_bw; /* LT est delivery rate in pkts/uS << 24 */
+ u32 lt_last_delivered; /* LT intvl start: tp->delivered */
+ u32 lt_last_stamp; /* LT intvl start: tp->delivered_mstamp */
+ u32 lt_last_lost; /* LT intvl start: tp->lost */
+ u32 pacing_gain:10, /* current gain for setting pacing rate */
+ cwnd_gain:10, /* current gain for setting cwnd */
+ full_bw_cnt:3, /* number of rounds without large bw gains */
+ cycle_idx:3, /* current index in pacing_gain cycle array */
+ unused_b:6;
+ u32 prior_cwnd; /* prior cwnd upon entering loss recovery */
+ u32 full_bw; /* recent bw, to estimate if pipe is full */
+};
+
+#define CYCLE_LEN 8 /* number of phases in a pacing gain cycle */
+
+/* Window length of bw filter (in rounds): */
+static const int bbr_bw_rtts = CYCLE_LEN + 2;
+/* Window length of min_rtt filter (in sec): */
+static const u32 bbr_min_rtt_win_sec = 10;
+/* Minimum time (in ms) spent at bbr_cwnd_min_target in BBR_PROBE_RTT mode: */
+static const u32 bbr_probe_rtt_mode_ms = 200;
+/* Skip TSO below the following bandwidth (bits/sec): */
+static const int bbr_min_tso_rate = 1200000;
+
+/* We use a high_gain value of 2/ln(2) because it's the smallest pacing gain
+ * that will allow a smoothly increasing pacing rate that will double each RTT
+ * and send the same number of packets per RTT that an un-paced, slow-starting
+ * Reno or CUBIC flow would:
+ */
+static const int bbr_high_gain = BBR_UNIT * 2885 / 1000 + 1;
+/* The pacing gain of 1/high_gain in BBR_DRAIN is calculated to typically drain
+ * the queue created in BBR_STARTUP in a single round:
+ */
+static const int bbr_drain_gain = BBR_UNIT * 1000 / 2885;
+/* The gain for deriving steady-state cwnd tolerates delayed/stretched ACKs: */
+static const int bbr_cwnd_gain = BBR_UNIT * 2;
+/* The pacing_gain values for the PROBE_BW gain cycle, to discover/share bw: */
+static const int bbr_pacing_gain[] = {
+ BBR_UNIT * 5 / 4, /* probe for more available bw */
+ BBR_UNIT * 3 / 4, /* drain queue and/or yield bw to other flows */
+ BBR_UNIT, BBR_UNIT, BBR_UNIT, /* cruise at 1.0*bw to utilize pipe, */
+ BBR_UNIT, BBR_UNIT, BBR_UNIT /* without creating excess queue... */
+};
+/* Randomize the starting gain cycling phase over N phases: */
+static const u32 bbr_cycle_rand = 7;
+
+/* Try to keep at least this many packets in flight, if things go smoothly. For
+ * smooth functioning, a sliding window protocol ACKing every other packet
+ * needs at least 4 packets in flight:
+ */
+static const u32 bbr_cwnd_min_target = 4;
+
+/* To estimate if BBR_STARTUP mode (i.e. high_gain) has filled pipe... */
+/* If bw has increased significantly (1.25x), there may be more bw available: */
+static const u32 bbr_full_bw_thresh = BBR_UNIT * 5 / 4;
+/* But after 3 rounds w/o significant bw growth, estimate pipe is full: */
+static const u32 bbr_full_bw_cnt = 3;
+
+/* "long-term" ("LT") bandwidth estimator parameters... */
+/* The minimum number of rounds in an LT bw sampling interval: */
+static const u32 bbr_lt_intvl_min_rtts = 4;
+/* If lost/delivered ratio > 20%, interval is "lossy" and we may be policed: */
+static const u32 bbr_lt_loss_thresh = 50;
+/* If 2 intervals have a bw ratio <= 1/8, their bw is "consistent": */
+static const u32 bbr_lt_bw_ratio = BBR_UNIT / 8;
+/* If 2 intervals have a bw diff <= 4 Kbit/sec their bw is "consistent": */
+static const u32 bbr_lt_bw_diff = 4000 / 8;
+/* If we estimate we're policed, use lt_bw for this many round trips: */
+static const u32 bbr_lt_bw_max_rtts = 48;
+
+/* Do we estimate that STARTUP filled the pipe? */
+static bool bbr_full_bw_reached(const struct sock *sk)
+{
+ const struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ return bbr->full_bw_cnt >= bbr_full_bw_cnt;
+}
+
+/* Return the windowed max recent bandwidth sample, in pkts/uS << BW_SCALE. */
+static u32 bbr_max_bw(const struct sock *sk)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ return minmax_get(&bbr->bw);
+}
+
+/* Return the estimated bandwidth of the path, in pkts/uS << BW_SCALE. */
+static u32 bbr_bw(const struct sock *sk)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ return bbr->lt_use_bw ? bbr->lt_bw : bbr_max_bw(sk);
+}
+
+/* Return rate in bytes per second, optionally with a gain.
+ * The order here is chosen carefully to avoid overflow of u64. This should
+ * work for input rates of up to 2.9Tbit/sec and gain of 2.89x.
+ */
+static u64 bbr_rate_bytes_per_sec(struct sock *sk, u64 rate, int gain)
+{
+ rate *= tcp_mss_to_mtu(sk, tcp_sk(sk)->mss_cache);
+ rate *= gain;
+ rate >>= BBR_SCALE;
+ rate *= USEC_PER_SEC;
+ return rate >> BW_SCALE;
+}
+
+/* Pace using current bw estimate and a gain factor. In order to help drive the
+ * network toward lower queues while maintaining high utilization and low
+ * latency, the average pacing rate aims to be slightly (~1%) lower than the
+ * estimated bandwidth. This is an important aspect of the design. In this
+ * implementation this slightly lower pacing rate is achieved implicitly by not
+ * including link-layer headers in the packet size used for the pacing rate.
+ */
+static void bbr_set_pacing_rate(struct sock *sk, u32 bw, int gain)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ u64 rate = bw;
+
+ rate = bbr_rate_bytes_per_sec(sk, rate, gain);
+ rate = min_t(u64, rate, sk->sk_max_pacing_rate);
+ if (bbr->mode != BBR_STARTUP || rate > sk->sk_pacing_rate)
+ sk->sk_pacing_rate = rate;
+}
+
+/* Return count of segments we want in the skbs we send, or 0 for default. */
+static u32 bbr_tso_segs_goal(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ return bbr->tso_segs_goal;
+}
+
+static void bbr_set_tso_segs_goal(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ u32 min_segs;
+
+ min_segs = sk->sk_pacing_rate < (bbr_min_tso_rate >> 3) ? 1 : 2;
+ bbr->tso_segs_goal = min(tcp_tso_autosize(sk, tp->mss_cache, min_segs),
+ 0x7FU);
+}
+
+/* Save "last known good" cwnd so we can restore it after losses or PROBE_RTT */
+static void bbr_save_cwnd(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ if (bbr->prev_ca_state < TCP_CA_Recovery && bbr->mode != BBR_PROBE_RTT)
+ bbr->prior_cwnd = tp->snd_cwnd; /* this cwnd is good enough */
+ else /* loss recovery or BBR_PROBE_RTT have temporarily cut cwnd */
+ bbr->prior_cwnd = max(bbr->prior_cwnd, tp->snd_cwnd);
+}
+
+static void bbr_cwnd_event(struct sock *sk, enum tcp_ca_event event)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ if (event == CA_EVENT_TX_START && tp->app_limited) {
+ bbr->idle_restart = 1;
+ /* Avoid pointless buffer overflows: pace at est. bw if we don't
+ * need more speed (we're restarting from idle and app-limited).
+ */
+ if (bbr->mode == BBR_PROBE_BW)
+ bbr_set_pacing_rate(sk, bbr_bw(sk), BBR_UNIT);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Find target cwnd. Right-size the cwnd based on min RTT and the
+ * estimated bottleneck bandwidth:
+ *
+ * cwnd = bw * min_rtt * gain = BDP * gain
+ *
+ * The key factor, gain, controls the amount of queue. While a small gain
+ * builds a smaller queue, it becomes more vulnerable to noise in RTT
+ * measurements (e.g., delayed ACKs or other ACK compression effects). This
+ * noise may cause BBR to under-estimate the rate.
+ *
+ * To achieve full performance in high-speed paths, we budget enough cwnd to
+ * fit full-sized skbs in-flight on both end hosts to fully utilize the path:
+ * - one skb in sending host Qdisc,
+ * - one skb in sending host TSO/GSO engine
+ * - one skb being received by receiver host LRO/GRO/delayed-ACK engine
+ * Don't worry, at low rates (bbr_min_tso_rate) this won't bloat cwnd because
+ * in such cases tso_segs_goal is 1. The minimum cwnd is 4 packets,
+ * which allows 2 outstanding 2-packet sequences, to try to keep pipe
+ * full even with ACK-every-other-packet delayed ACKs.
+ */
+static u32 bbr_target_cwnd(struct sock *sk, u32 bw, int gain)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ u32 cwnd;
+ u64 w;
+
+ /* If we've never had a valid RTT sample, cap cwnd at the initial
+ * default. This should only happen when the connection is not using TCP
+ * timestamps and has retransmitted all of the SYN/SYNACK/data packets
+ * ACKed so far. In this case, an RTO can cut cwnd to 1, in which
+ * case we need to slow-start up toward something safe: TCP_INIT_CWND.
+ */
+ if (unlikely(bbr->min_rtt_us == ~0U)) /* no valid RTT samples yet? */
+ return TCP_INIT_CWND; /* be safe: cap at default initial cwnd*/
+
+ w = (u64)bw * bbr->min_rtt_us;
+
+ /* Apply a gain to the given value, then remove the BW_SCALE shift. */
+ cwnd = (((w * gain) >> BBR_SCALE) + BW_UNIT - 1) / BW_UNIT;
+
+ /* Allow enough full-sized skbs in flight to utilize end systems. */
+ cwnd += 3 * bbr->tso_segs_goal;
+
+ /* Reduce delayed ACKs by rounding up cwnd to the next even number. */
+ cwnd = (cwnd + 1) & ~1U;
+
+ return cwnd;
+}
+
+/* An optimization in BBR to reduce losses: On the first round of recovery, we
+ * follow the packet conservation principle: send P packets per P packets acked.
+ * After that, we slow-start and send at most 2*P packets per P packets acked.
+ * After recovery finishes, or upon undo, we restore the cwnd we had when
+ * recovery started (capped by the target cwnd based on estimated BDP).
+ *
+ * TODO(ycheng/ncardwell): implement a rate-based approach.
+ */
+static bool bbr_set_cwnd_to_recover_or_restore(
+ struct sock *sk, const struct rate_sample *rs, u32 acked, u32 *new_cwnd)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ u8 prev_state = bbr->prev_ca_state, state = inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_state;
+ u32 cwnd = tp->snd_cwnd;
+
+ /* An ACK for P pkts should release at most 2*P packets. We do this
+ * in two steps. First, here we deduct the number of lost packets.
+ * Then, in bbr_set_cwnd() we slow start up toward the target cwnd.
+ */
+ if (rs->losses > 0)
+ cwnd = max_t(s32, cwnd - rs->losses, 1);
+
+ if (state == TCP_CA_Recovery && prev_state != TCP_CA_Recovery) {
+ /* Starting 1st round of Recovery, so do packet conservation. */
+ bbr->packet_conservation = 1;
+ bbr->next_rtt_delivered = tp->delivered; /* start round now */
+ /* Cut unused cwnd from app behavior, TSQ, or TSO deferral: */
+ cwnd = tcp_packets_in_flight(tp) + acked;
+ } else if (prev_state >= TCP_CA_Recovery && state < TCP_CA_Recovery) {
+ /* Exiting loss recovery; restore cwnd saved before recovery. */
+ bbr->restore_cwnd = 1;
+ bbr->packet_conservation = 0;
+ }
+ bbr->prev_ca_state = state;
+
+ if (bbr->restore_cwnd) {
+ /* Restore cwnd after exiting loss recovery or PROBE_RTT. */
+ cwnd = max(cwnd, bbr->prior_cwnd);
+ bbr->restore_cwnd = 0;
+ }
+
+ if (bbr->packet_conservation) {
+ *new_cwnd = max(cwnd, tcp_packets_in_flight(tp) + acked);
+ return true; /* yes, using packet conservation */
+ }
+ *new_cwnd = cwnd;
+ return false;
+}
+
+/* Slow-start up toward target cwnd (if bw estimate is growing, or packet loss
+ * has drawn us down below target), or snap down to target if we're above it.
+ */
+static void bbr_set_cwnd(struct sock *sk, const struct rate_sample *rs,
+ u32 acked, u32 bw, int gain)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ u32 cwnd = 0, target_cwnd = 0;
+
+ if (!acked)
+ return;
+
+ if (bbr_set_cwnd_to_recover_or_restore(sk, rs, acked, &cwnd))
+ goto done;
+
+ /* If we're below target cwnd, slow start cwnd toward target cwnd. */
+ target_cwnd = bbr_target_cwnd(sk, bw, gain);
+ if (bbr_full_bw_reached(sk)) /* only cut cwnd if we filled the pipe */
+ cwnd = min(cwnd + acked, target_cwnd);
+ else if (cwnd < target_cwnd || tp->delivered < TCP_INIT_CWND)
+ cwnd = cwnd + acked;
+ cwnd = max(cwnd, bbr_cwnd_min_target);
+
+done:
+ tp->snd_cwnd = min(cwnd, tp->snd_cwnd_clamp); /* apply global cap */
+ if (bbr->mode == BBR_PROBE_RTT) /* drain queue, refresh min_rtt */
+ tp->snd_cwnd = min(tp->snd_cwnd, bbr_cwnd_min_target);
+}
+
+/* End cycle phase if it's time and/or we hit the phase's in-flight target. */
+static bool bbr_is_next_cycle_phase(struct sock *sk,
+ const struct rate_sample *rs)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ bool is_full_length =
+ skb_mstamp_us_delta(&tp->delivered_mstamp, &bbr->cycle_mstamp) >
+ bbr->min_rtt_us;
+ u32 inflight, bw;
+
+ /* The pacing_gain of 1.0 paces at the estimated bw to try to fully
+ * use the pipe without increasing the queue.
+ */
+ if (bbr->pacing_gain == BBR_UNIT)
+ return is_full_length; /* just use wall clock time */
+
+ inflight = rs->prior_in_flight; /* what was in-flight before ACK? */
+ bw = bbr_max_bw(sk);
+
+ /* A pacing_gain > 1.0 probes for bw by trying to raise inflight to at
+ * least pacing_gain*BDP; this may take more than min_rtt if min_rtt is
+ * small (e.g. on a LAN). We do not persist if packets are lost, since
+ * a path with small buffers may not hold that much.
+ */
+ if (bbr->pacing_gain > BBR_UNIT)
+ return is_full_length &&
+ (rs->losses || /* perhaps pacing_gain*BDP won't fit */
+ inflight >= bbr_target_cwnd(sk, bw, bbr->pacing_gain));
+
+ /* A pacing_gain < 1.0 tries to drain extra queue we added if bw
+ * probing didn't find more bw. If inflight falls to match BDP then we
+ * estimate queue is drained; persisting would underutilize the pipe.
+ */
+ return is_full_length ||
+ inflight <= bbr_target_cwnd(sk, bw, BBR_UNIT);
+}
+
+static void bbr_advance_cycle_phase(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ bbr->cycle_idx = (bbr->cycle_idx + 1) & (CYCLE_LEN - 1);
+ bbr->cycle_mstamp = tp->delivered_mstamp;
+ bbr->pacing_gain = bbr_pacing_gain[bbr->cycle_idx];
+}
+
+/* Gain cycling: cycle pacing gain to converge to fair share of available bw. */
+static void bbr_update_cycle_phase(struct sock *sk,
+ const struct rate_sample *rs)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ if ((bbr->mode == BBR_PROBE_BW) && !bbr->lt_use_bw &&
+ bbr_is_next_cycle_phase(sk, rs))
+ bbr_advance_cycle_phase(sk);
+}
+
+static void bbr_reset_startup_mode(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ bbr->mode = BBR_STARTUP;
+ bbr->pacing_gain = bbr_high_gain;
+ bbr->cwnd_gain = bbr_high_gain;
+}
+
+static void bbr_reset_probe_bw_mode(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ bbr->mode = BBR_PROBE_BW;
+ bbr->pacing_gain = BBR_UNIT;
+ bbr->cwnd_gain = bbr_cwnd_gain;
+ bbr->cycle_idx = CYCLE_LEN - 1 - prandom_u32_max(bbr_cycle_rand);
+ bbr_advance_cycle_phase(sk); /* flip to next phase of gain cycle */
+}
+
+static void bbr_reset_mode(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ if (!bbr_full_bw_reached(sk))
+ bbr_reset_startup_mode(sk);
+ else
+ bbr_reset_probe_bw_mode(sk);
+}
+
+/* Start a new long-term sampling interval. */
+static void bbr_reset_lt_bw_sampling_interval(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ bbr->lt_last_stamp = tp->delivered_mstamp.stamp_jiffies;
+ bbr->lt_last_delivered = tp->delivered;
+ bbr->lt_last_lost = tp->lost;
+ bbr->lt_rtt_cnt = 0;
+}
+
+/* Completely reset long-term bandwidth sampling. */
+static void bbr_reset_lt_bw_sampling(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ bbr->lt_bw = 0;
+ bbr->lt_use_bw = 0;
+ bbr->lt_is_sampling = false;
+ bbr_reset_lt_bw_sampling_interval(sk);
+}
+
+/* Long-term bw sampling interval is done. Estimate whether we're policed. */
+static void bbr_lt_bw_interval_done(struct sock *sk, u32 bw)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ u32 diff;
+
+ if (bbr->lt_bw) { /* do we have bw from a previous interval? */
+ /* Is new bw close to the lt_bw from the previous interval? */
+ diff = abs(bw - bbr->lt_bw);
+ if ((diff * BBR_UNIT <= bbr_lt_bw_ratio * bbr->lt_bw) ||
+ (bbr_rate_bytes_per_sec(sk, diff, BBR_UNIT) <=
+ bbr_lt_bw_diff)) {
+ /* All criteria are met; estimate we're policed. */
+ bbr->lt_bw = (bw + bbr->lt_bw) >> 1; /* avg 2 intvls */
+ bbr->lt_use_bw = 1;
+ bbr->pacing_gain = BBR_UNIT; /* try to avoid drops */
+ bbr->lt_rtt_cnt = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ bbr->lt_bw = bw;
+ bbr_reset_lt_bw_sampling_interval(sk);
+}
+
+/* Token-bucket traffic policers are common (see "An Internet-Wide Analysis of
+ * Traffic Policing", SIGCOMM 2016). BBR detects token-bucket policers and
+ * explicitly models their policed rate, to reduce unnecessary losses. We
+ * estimate that we're policed if we see 2 consecutive sampling intervals with
+ * consistent throughput and high packet loss. If we think we're being policed,
+ * set lt_bw to the "long-term" average delivery rate from those 2 intervals.
+ */
+static void bbr_lt_bw_sampling(struct sock *sk, const struct rate_sample *rs)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ u32 lost, delivered;
+ u64 bw;
+ s32 t;
+
+ if (bbr->lt_use_bw) { /* already using long-term rate, lt_bw? */
+ if (bbr->mode == BBR_PROBE_BW && bbr->round_start &&
+ ++bbr->lt_rtt_cnt >= bbr_lt_bw_max_rtts) {
+ bbr_reset_lt_bw_sampling(sk); /* stop using lt_bw */
+ bbr_reset_probe_bw_mode(sk); /* restart gain cycling */
+ }
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Wait for the first loss before sampling, to let the policer exhaust
+ * its tokens and estimate the steady-state rate allowed by the policer.
+ * Starting samples earlier includes bursts that over-estimate the bw.
+ */
+ if (!bbr->lt_is_sampling) {
+ if (!rs->losses)
+ return;
+ bbr_reset_lt_bw_sampling_interval(sk);
+ bbr->lt_is_sampling = true;
+ }
+
+ /* To avoid underestimates, reset sampling if we run out of data. */
+ if (rs->is_app_limited) {
+ bbr_reset_lt_bw_sampling(sk);
+ return;
+ }
+
+ if (bbr->round_start)
+ bbr->lt_rtt_cnt++; /* count round trips in this interval */
+ if (bbr->lt_rtt_cnt < bbr_lt_intvl_min_rtts)
+ return; /* sampling interval needs to be longer */
+ if (bbr->lt_rtt_cnt > 4 * bbr_lt_intvl_min_rtts) {
+ bbr_reset_lt_bw_sampling(sk); /* interval is too long */
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* End sampling interval when a packet is lost, so we estimate the
+ * policer tokens were exhausted. Stopping the sampling before the
+ * tokens are exhausted under-estimates the policed rate.
+ */
+ if (!rs->losses)
+ return;
+
+ /* Calculate packets lost and delivered in sampling interval. */
+ lost = tp->lost - bbr->lt_last_lost;
+ delivered = tp->delivered - bbr->lt_last_delivered;
+ /* Is loss rate (lost/delivered) >= lt_loss_thresh? If not, wait. */
+ if (!delivered || (lost << BBR_SCALE) < bbr_lt_loss_thresh * delivered)
+ return;
+
+ /* Find average delivery rate in this sampling interval. */
+ t = (s32)(tp->delivered_mstamp.stamp_jiffies - bbr->lt_last_stamp);
+ if (t < 1)
+ return; /* interval is less than one jiffy, so wait */
+ t = jiffies_to_usecs(t);
+ /* Interval long enough for jiffies_to_usecs() to return a bogus 0? */
+ if (t < 1) {
+ bbr_reset_lt_bw_sampling(sk); /* interval too long; reset */
+ return;
+ }
+ bw = (u64)delivered * BW_UNIT;
+ do_div(bw, t);
+ bbr_lt_bw_interval_done(sk, bw);
+}
+
+/* Estimate the bandwidth based on how fast packets are delivered */
+static void bbr_update_bw(struct sock *sk, const struct rate_sample *rs)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ u64 bw;
+
+ bbr->round_start = 0;
+ if (rs->delivered < 0 || rs->interval_us <= 0)
+ return; /* Not a valid observation */
+
+ /* See if we've reached the next RTT */
+ if (!before(rs->prior_delivered, bbr->next_rtt_delivered)) {
+ bbr->next_rtt_delivered = tp->delivered;
+ bbr->rtt_cnt++;
+ bbr->round_start = 1;
+ bbr->packet_conservation = 0;
+ }
+
+ bbr_lt_bw_sampling(sk, rs);
+
+ /* Divide delivered by the interval to find a (lower bound) bottleneck
+ * bandwidth sample. Delivered is in packets and interval_us in uS and
+ * ratio will be <<1 for most connections. So delivered is first scaled.
+ */
+ bw = (u64)rs->delivered * BW_UNIT;
+ do_div(bw, rs->interval_us);
+
+ /* If this sample is application-limited, it is likely to have a very
+ * low delivered count that represents application behavior rather than
+ * the available network rate. Such a sample could drag down estimated
+ * bw, causing needless slow-down. Thus, to continue to send at the
+ * last measured network rate, we filter out app-limited samples unless
+ * they describe the path bw at least as well as our bw model.
+ *
+ * So the goal during app-limited phase is to proceed with the best
+ * network rate no matter how long. We automatically leave this
+ * phase when app writes faster than the network can deliver :)
+ */
+ if (!rs->is_app_limited || bw >= bbr_max_bw(sk)) {
+ /* Incorporate new sample into our max bw filter. */
+ minmax_running_max(&bbr->bw, bbr_bw_rtts, bbr->rtt_cnt, bw);
+ }
+}
+
+/* Estimate when the pipe is full, using the change in delivery rate: BBR
+ * estimates that STARTUP filled the pipe if the estimated bw hasn't changed by
+ * at least bbr_full_bw_thresh (25%) after bbr_full_bw_cnt (3) non-app-limited
+ * rounds. Why 3 rounds: 1: rwin autotuning grows the rwin, 2: we fill the
+ * higher rwin, 3: we get higher delivery rate samples. Or transient
+ * cross-traffic or radio noise can go away. CUBIC Hystart shares a similar
+ * design goal, but uses delay and inter-ACK spacing instead of bandwidth.
+ */
+static void bbr_check_full_bw_reached(struct sock *sk,
+ const struct rate_sample *rs)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ u32 bw_thresh;
+
+ if (bbr_full_bw_reached(sk) || !bbr->round_start || rs->is_app_limited)
+ return;
+
+ bw_thresh = (u64)bbr->full_bw * bbr_full_bw_thresh >> BBR_SCALE;
+ if (bbr_max_bw(sk) >= bw_thresh) {
+ bbr->full_bw = bbr_max_bw(sk);
+ bbr->full_bw_cnt = 0;
+ return;
+ }
+ ++bbr->full_bw_cnt;
+}
+
+/* If pipe is probably full, drain the queue and then enter steady-state. */
+static void bbr_check_drain(struct sock *sk, const struct rate_sample *rs)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ if (bbr->mode == BBR_STARTUP && bbr_full_bw_reached(sk)) {
+ bbr->mode = BBR_DRAIN; /* drain queue we created */
+ bbr->pacing_gain = bbr_drain_gain; /* pace slow to drain */
+ bbr->cwnd_gain = bbr_high_gain; /* maintain cwnd */
+ } /* fall through to check if in-flight is already small: */
+ if (bbr->mode == BBR_DRAIN &&
+ tcp_packets_in_flight(tcp_sk(sk)) <=
+ bbr_target_cwnd(sk, bbr_max_bw(sk), BBR_UNIT))
+ bbr_reset_probe_bw_mode(sk); /* we estimate queue is drained */
+}
+
+/* The goal of PROBE_RTT mode is to have BBR flows cooperatively and
+ * periodically drain the bottleneck queue, to converge to measure the true
+ * min_rtt (unloaded propagation delay). This allows the flows to keep queues
+ * small (reducing queuing delay and packet loss) and achieve fairness among
+ * BBR flows.
+ *
+ * The min_rtt filter window is 10 seconds. When the min_rtt estimate expires,
+ * we enter PROBE_RTT mode and cap the cwnd at bbr_cwnd_min_target=4 packets.
+ * After at least bbr_probe_rtt_mode_ms=200ms and at least one packet-timed
+ * round trip elapsed with that flight size <= 4, we leave PROBE_RTT mode and
+ * re-enter the previous mode. BBR uses 200ms to approximately bound the
+ * performance penalty of PROBE_RTT's cwnd capping to roughly 2% (200ms/10s).
+ *
+ * Note that flows need only pay 2% if they are busy sending over the last 10
+ * seconds. Interactive applications (e.g., Web, RPCs, video chunks) often have
+ * natural silences or low-rate periods within 10 seconds where the rate is low
+ * enough for long enough to drain its queue in the bottleneck. We pick up
+ * these min RTT measurements opportunistically with our min_rtt filter. :-)
+ */
+static void bbr_update_min_rtt(struct sock *sk, const struct rate_sample *rs)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ bool filter_expired;
+
+ /* Track min RTT seen in the min_rtt_win_sec filter window: */
+ filter_expired = after(tcp_time_stamp,
+ bbr->min_rtt_stamp + bbr_min_rtt_win_sec * HZ);
+ if (rs->rtt_us >= 0 &&
+ (rs->rtt_us <= bbr->min_rtt_us || filter_expired)) {
+ bbr->min_rtt_us = rs->rtt_us;
+ bbr->min_rtt_stamp = tcp_time_stamp;
+ }
+
+ if (bbr_probe_rtt_mode_ms > 0 && filter_expired &&
+ !bbr->idle_restart && bbr->mode != BBR_PROBE_RTT) {
+ bbr->mode = BBR_PROBE_RTT; /* dip, drain queue */
+ bbr->pacing_gain = BBR_UNIT;
+ bbr->cwnd_gain = BBR_UNIT;
+ bbr_save_cwnd(sk); /* note cwnd so we can restore it */
+ bbr->probe_rtt_done_stamp = 0;
+ }
+
+ if (bbr->mode == BBR_PROBE_RTT) {
+ /* Ignore low rate samples during this mode. */
+ tp->app_limited =
+ (tp->delivered + tcp_packets_in_flight(tp)) ? : 1;
+ /* Maintain min packets in flight for max(200 ms, 1 round). */
+ if (!bbr->probe_rtt_done_stamp &&
+ tcp_packets_in_flight(tp) <= bbr_cwnd_min_target) {
+ bbr->probe_rtt_done_stamp = tcp_time_stamp +
+ msecs_to_jiffies(bbr_probe_rtt_mode_ms);
+ bbr->probe_rtt_round_done = 0;
+ bbr->next_rtt_delivered = tp->delivered;
+ } else if (bbr->probe_rtt_done_stamp) {
+ if (bbr->round_start)
+ bbr->probe_rtt_round_done = 1;
+ if (bbr->probe_rtt_round_done &&
+ after(tcp_time_stamp, bbr->probe_rtt_done_stamp)) {
+ bbr->min_rtt_stamp = tcp_time_stamp;
+ bbr->restore_cwnd = 1; /* snap to prior_cwnd */
+ bbr_reset_mode(sk);
+ }
+ }
+ }
+ bbr->idle_restart = 0;
+}
+
+static void bbr_update_model(struct sock *sk, const struct rate_sample *rs)
+{
+ bbr_update_bw(sk, rs);
+ bbr_update_cycle_phase(sk, rs);
+ bbr_check_full_bw_reached(sk, rs);
+ bbr_check_drain(sk, rs);
+ bbr_update_min_rtt(sk, rs);
+}
+
+static void bbr_main(struct sock *sk, const struct rate_sample *rs)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ u32 bw;
+
+ bbr_update_model(sk, rs);
+
+ bw = bbr_bw(sk);
+ bbr_set_pacing_rate(sk, bw, bbr->pacing_gain);
+ bbr_set_tso_segs_goal(sk);
+ bbr_set_cwnd(sk, rs, rs->acked_sacked, bw, bbr->cwnd_gain);
+}
+
+static void bbr_init(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ u64 bw;
+
+ bbr->prior_cwnd = 0;
+ bbr->tso_segs_goal = 0; /* default segs per skb until first ACK */
+ bbr->rtt_cnt = 0;
+ bbr->next_rtt_delivered = 0;
+ bbr->prev_ca_state = TCP_CA_Open;
+ bbr->packet_conservation = 0;
+
+ bbr->probe_rtt_done_stamp = 0;
+ bbr->probe_rtt_round_done = 0;
+ bbr->min_rtt_us = tcp_min_rtt(tp);
+ bbr->min_rtt_stamp = tcp_time_stamp;
+
+ minmax_reset(&bbr->bw, bbr->rtt_cnt, 0); /* init max bw to 0 */
+
+ /* Initialize pacing rate to: high_gain * init_cwnd / RTT. */
+ bw = (u64)tp->snd_cwnd * BW_UNIT;
+ do_div(bw, (tp->srtt_us >> 3) ? : USEC_PER_MSEC);
+ sk->sk_pacing_rate = 0; /* force an update of sk_pacing_rate */
+ bbr_set_pacing_rate(sk, bw, bbr_high_gain);
+
+ bbr->restore_cwnd = 0;
+ bbr->round_start = 0;
+ bbr->idle_restart = 0;
+ bbr->full_bw = 0;
+ bbr->full_bw_cnt = 0;
+ bbr->cycle_mstamp.v64 = 0;
+ bbr->cycle_idx = 0;
+ bbr_reset_lt_bw_sampling(sk);
+ bbr_reset_startup_mode(sk);
+}
+
+static u32 bbr_sndbuf_expand(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ /* Provision 3 * cwnd since BBR may slow-start even during recovery. */
+ return 3;
+}
+
+/* In theory BBR does not need to undo the cwnd since it does not
+ * always reduce cwnd on losses (see bbr_main()). Keep it for now.
+ */
+static u32 bbr_undo_cwnd(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ return tcp_sk(sk)->snd_cwnd;
+}
+
+/* Entering loss recovery, so save cwnd for when we exit or undo recovery. */
+static u32 bbr_ssthresh(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ bbr_save_cwnd(sk);
+ return TCP_INFINITE_SSTHRESH; /* BBR does not use ssthresh */
+}
+
+static size_t bbr_get_info(struct sock *sk, u32 ext, int *attr,
+ union tcp_cc_info *info)
+{
+ if (ext & (1 << (INET_DIAG_BBRINFO - 1)) ||
+ ext & (1 << (INET_DIAG_VEGASINFO - 1))) {
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+ u64 bw = bbr_bw(sk);
+
+ bw = bw * tp->mss_cache * USEC_PER_SEC >> BW_SCALE;
+ memset(&info->bbr, 0, sizeof(info->bbr));
+ info->bbr.bbr_bw_lo = (u32)bw;
+ info->bbr.bbr_bw_hi = (u32)(bw >> 32);
+ info->bbr.bbr_min_rtt = bbr->min_rtt_us;
+ info->bbr.bbr_pacing_gain = bbr->pacing_gain;
+ info->bbr.bbr_cwnd_gain = bbr->cwnd_gain;
+ *attr = INET_DIAG_BBRINFO;
+ return sizeof(info->bbr);
+ }
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static void bbr_set_state(struct sock *sk, u8 new_state)
+{
+ struct bbr *bbr = inet_csk_ca(sk);
+
+ if (new_state == TCP_CA_Loss) {
+ struct rate_sample rs = { .losses = 1 };
+
+ bbr->prev_ca_state = TCP_CA_Loss;
+ bbr->full_bw = 0;
+ bbr->round_start = 1; /* treat RTO like end of a round */
+ bbr_lt_bw_sampling(sk, &rs);
+ }
+}
+
+static struct tcp_congestion_ops tcp_bbr_cong_ops __read_mostly = {
+ .flags = TCP_CONG_NON_RESTRICTED,
+ .name = "bbr",
+ .owner = THIS_MODULE,
+ .init = bbr_init,
+ .cong_control = bbr_main,
+ .sndbuf_expand = bbr_sndbuf_expand,
+ .undo_cwnd = bbr_undo_cwnd,
+ .cwnd_event = bbr_cwnd_event,
+ .ssthresh = bbr_ssthresh,
+ .tso_segs_goal = bbr_tso_segs_goal,
+ .get_info = bbr_get_info,
+ .set_state = bbr_set_state,
+};
+
+static int __init bbr_register(void)
+{
+ BUILD_BUG_ON(sizeof(struct bbr) > ICSK_CA_PRIV_SIZE);
+ return tcp_register_congestion_control(&tcp_bbr_cong_ops);
+}
+
+static void __exit bbr_unregister(void)
+{
+ tcp_unregister_congestion_control(&tcp_bbr_cong_ops);
+}
+
+module_init(bbr_register);
+module_exit(bbr_unregister);
+
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Van Jacobson <vanj@google.com>");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Neal Cardwell <ncardwell@google.com>");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Yuchung Cheng <ycheng@google.com>");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Soheil Hassas Yeganeh <soheil@google.com>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("Dual BSD/GPL");
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("TCP BBR (Bottleneck Bandwidth and RTT)");
module_param(use_tolerance, bool, 0644);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(use_tolerance, "use loss tolerance heuristic");
-struct minmax {
+struct cdg_minmax {
union {
struct {
s32 min;
};
struct cdg {
- struct minmax rtt;
- struct minmax rtt_prev;
- struct minmax *gradients;
- struct minmax gsum;
+ struct cdg_minmax rtt;
+ struct cdg_minmax rtt_prev;
+ struct cdg_minmax *gradients;
+ struct cdg_minmax gsum;
bool gfilled;
u8 tail;
u8 state;
{
struct cdg *ca = inet_csk_ca(sk);
struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
- struct minmax *gradients;
+ struct cdg_minmax *gradients;
switch (ev) {
case CA_EVENT_CWND_RESTART:
int ret = 0;
/* all algorithms must implement ssthresh and cong_avoid ops */
- if (!ca->ssthresh || !ca->cong_avoid) {
+ if (!ca->ssthresh || !(ca->cong_avoid || ca->cong_control)) {
pr_err("%s does not implement required ops\n", ca->name);
return -EINVAL;
}
static void tcp_sndbuf_expand(struct sock *sk)
{
const struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ const struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca_ops = inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_ops;
int sndmem, per_mss;
u32 nr_segs;
* Cubic needs 1.7 factor, rounded to 2 to include
* extra cushion (application might react slowly to POLLOUT)
*/
- sndmem = 2 * nr_segs * per_mss;
+ sndmem = ca_ops->sndbuf_expand ? ca_ops->sndbuf_expand(sk) : 2;
+ sndmem *= nr_segs * per_mss;
if (sk->sk_sndbuf < sndmem)
sk->sk_sndbuf = min(sndmem, sysctl_tcp_wmem[2]);
tp->retransmit_high = TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->end_seq;
}
+/* Sum the number of packets on the wire we have marked as lost.
+ * There are two cases we care about here:
+ * a) Packet hasn't been marked lost (nor retransmitted),
+ * and this is the first loss.
+ * b) Packet has been marked both lost and retransmitted,
+ * and this means we think it was lost again.
+ */
+static void tcp_sum_lost(struct tcp_sock *tp, struct sk_buff *skb)
+{
+ __u8 sacked = TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->sacked;
+
+ if (!(sacked & TCPCB_LOST) ||
+ ((sacked & TCPCB_LOST) && (sacked & TCPCB_SACKED_RETRANS)))
+ tp->lost += tcp_skb_pcount(skb);
+}
+
static void tcp_skb_mark_lost(struct tcp_sock *tp, struct sk_buff *skb)
{
if (!(TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->sacked & (TCPCB_LOST|TCPCB_SACKED_ACKED))) {
tcp_verify_retransmit_hint(tp, skb);
tp->lost_out += tcp_skb_pcount(skb);
+ tcp_sum_lost(tp, skb);
TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->sacked |= TCPCB_LOST;
}
}
{
tcp_verify_retransmit_hint(tp, skb);
+ tcp_sum_lost(tp, skb);
if (!(TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->sacked & (TCPCB_LOST|TCPCB_SACKED_ACKED))) {
tp->lost_out += tcp_skb_pcount(skb);
TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->sacked |= TCPCB_LOST;
*/
struct skb_mstamp first_sackt;
struct skb_mstamp last_sackt;
+ struct rate_sample *rate;
int flag;
};
tcp_sacktag_one(sk, state, TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->sacked,
start_seq, end_seq, dup_sack, pcount,
&skb->skb_mstamp);
+ tcp_rate_skb_delivered(sk, skb, state->rate);
if (skb == tp->lost_skb_hint)
tp->lost_cnt_hint += pcount;
tcp_advance_highest_sack(sk, skb);
tcp_skb_collapse_tstamp(prev, skb);
+ if (unlikely(TCP_SKB_CB(prev)->tx.delivered_mstamp.v64))
+ TCP_SKB_CB(prev)->tx.delivered_mstamp.v64 = 0;
+
tcp_unlink_write_queue(skb, sk);
sk_wmem_free_skb(sk, skb);
dup_sack,
tcp_skb_pcount(skb),
&skb->skb_mstamp);
+ tcp_rate_skb_delivered(sk, skb, state->rate);
if (!before(TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->seq,
tcp_highest_sack_seq(tp)))
found_dup_sack = tcp_check_dsack(sk, ack_skb, sp_wire,
num_sacks, prior_snd_una);
- if (found_dup_sack)
+ if (found_dup_sack) {
state->flag |= FLAG_DSACKING_ACK;
+ tp->delivered++; /* A spurious retransmission is delivered */
+ }
/* Eliminate too old ACKs, but take into
* account more or less fresh ones, they can
struct sk_buff *skb;
bool new_recovery = icsk->icsk_ca_state < TCP_CA_Recovery;
bool is_reneg; /* is receiver reneging on SACKs? */
+ bool mark_lost;
/* Reduce ssthresh if it has not yet been made inside this window. */
if (icsk->icsk_ca_state <= TCP_CA_Disorder ||
if (skb == tcp_send_head(sk))
break;
+ mark_lost = (!(TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->sacked & TCPCB_SACKED_ACKED) ||
+ is_reneg);
+ if (mark_lost)
+ tcp_sum_lost(tp, skb);
TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->sacked &= (~TCPCB_TAGBITS)|TCPCB_SACKED_ACKED;
- if (!(TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->sacked&TCPCB_SACKED_ACKED) || is_reneg) {
+ if (mark_lost) {
TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->sacked &= ~TCPCB_SACKED_ACKED;
TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->sacked |= TCPCB_LOST;
tp->lost_out += tcp_skb_pcount(skb);
{
struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ if (inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_ops->cong_control)
+ return;
+
/* Reset cwnd to ssthresh in CWR or Recovery (unless it's undone) */
if (inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_state == TCP_CA_CWR ||
(tp->undo_marker && tp->snd_ssthresh < TCP_INFINITE_SSTHRESH)) {
*rexmit = REXMIT_LOST;
}
-/* Kathleen Nichols' algorithm for tracking the minimum value of
- * a data stream over some fixed time interval. (E.g., the minimum
- * RTT over the past five minutes.) It uses constant space and constant
- * time per update yet almost always delivers the same minimum as an
- * implementation that has to keep all the data in the window.
- *
- * The algorithm keeps track of the best, 2nd best & 3rd best min
- * values, maintaining an invariant that the measurement time of the
- * n'th best >= n-1'th best. It also makes sure that the three values
- * are widely separated in the time window since that bounds the worse
- * case error when that data is monotonically increasing over the window.
- *
- * Upon getting a new min, we can forget everything earlier because it
- * has no value - the new min is <= everything else in the window by
- * definition and it's the most recent. So we restart fresh on every new min
- * and overwrites 2nd & 3rd choices. The same property holds for 2nd & 3rd
- * best.
- */
static void tcp_update_rtt_min(struct sock *sk, u32 rtt_us)
{
- const u32 now = tcp_time_stamp, wlen = sysctl_tcp_min_rtt_wlen * HZ;
- struct rtt_meas *m = tcp_sk(sk)->rtt_min;
- struct rtt_meas rttm = {
- .rtt = likely(rtt_us) ? rtt_us : jiffies_to_usecs(1),
- .ts = now,
- };
- u32 elapsed;
-
- /* Check if the new measurement updates the 1st, 2nd, or 3rd choices */
- if (unlikely(rttm.rtt <= m[0].rtt))
- m[0] = m[1] = m[2] = rttm;
- else if (rttm.rtt <= m[1].rtt)
- m[1] = m[2] = rttm;
- else if (rttm.rtt <= m[2].rtt)
- m[2] = rttm;
-
- elapsed = now - m[0].ts;
- if (unlikely(elapsed > wlen)) {
- /* Passed entire window without a new min so make 2nd choice
- * the new min & 3rd choice the new 2nd. So forth and so on.
- */
- m[0] = m[1];
- m[1] = m[2];
- m[2] = rttm;
- if (now - m[0].ts > wlen) {
- m[0] = m[1];
- m[1] = rttm;
- if (now - m[0].ts > wlen)
- m[0] = rttm;
- }
- } else if (m[1].ts == m[0].ts && elapsed > wlen / 4) {
- /* Passed a quarter of the window without a new min so
- * take 2nd choice from the 2nd quarter of the window.
- */
- m[2] = m[1] = rttm;
- } else if (m[2].ts == m[1].ts && elapsed > wlen / 2) {
- /* Passed half the window without a new min so take the 3rd
- * choice from the last half of the window.
- */
- m[2] = rttm;
- }
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ u32 wlen = sysctl_tcp_min_rtt_wlen * HZ;
+
+ minmax_running_min(&tp->rtt_min, wlen, tcp_time_stamp,
+ rtt_us ? : jiffies_to_usecs(1));
}
static inline bool tcp_ack_update_rtt(struct sock *sk, const int flag,
*/
static int tcp_clean_rtx_queue(struct sock *sk, int prior_fackets,
u32 prior_snd_una, int *acked,
- struct tcp_sacktag_state *sack)
+ struct tcp_sacktag_state *sack,
+ struct skb_mstamp *now)
{
const struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
- struct skb_mstamp first_ackt, last_ackt, now;
+ struct skb_mstamp first_ackt, last_ackt;
struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
u32 prior_sacked = tp->sacked_out;
u32 reord = tp->packets_out;
acked_pcount = tcp_tso_acked(sk, skb);
if (!acked_pcount)
break;
-
fully_acked = false;
} else {
/* Speedup tcp_unlink_write_queue() and next loop */
tp->packets_out -= acked_pcount;
pkts_acked += acked_pcount;
+ tcp_rate_skb_delivered(sk, skb, sack->rate);
/* Initial outgoing SYN's get put onto the write_queue
* just like anything else we transmit. It is not
if (skb && (TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->sacked & TCPCB_SACKED_ACKED))
flag |= FLAG_SACK_RENEGING;
- skb_mstamp_get(&now);
if (likely(first_ackt.v64) && !(flag & FLAG_RETRANS_DATA_ACKED)) {
- seq_rtt_us = skb_mstamp_us_delta(&now, &first_ackt);
- ca_rtt_us = skb_mstamp_us_delta(&now, &last_ackt);
+ seq_rtt_us = skb_mstamp_us_delta(now, &first_ackt);
+ ca_rtt_us = skb_mstamp_us_delta(now, &last_ackt);
}
if (sack->first_sackt.v64) {
- sack_rtt_us = skb_mstamp_us_delta(&now, &sack->first_sackt);
- ca_rtt_us = skb_mstamp_us_delta(&now, &sack->last_sackt);
+ sack_rtt_us = skb_mstamp_us_delta(now, &sack->first_sackt);
+ ca_rtt_us = skb_mstamp_us_delta(now, &sack->last_sackt);
}
-
+ sack->rate->rtt_us = ca_rtt_us; /* RTT of last (S)ACKed packet, or -1 */
rtt_update = tcp_ack_update_rtt(sk, flag, seq_rtt_us, sack_rtt_us,
ca_rtt_us);
tp->fackets_out -= min(pkts_acked, tp->fackets_out);
} else if (skb && rtt_update && sack_rtt_us >= 0 &&
- sack_rtt_us > skb_mstamp_us_delta(&now, &skb->skb_mstamp)) {
+ sack_rtt_us > skb_mstamp_us_delta(now, &skb->skb_mstamp)) {
/* Do not re-arm RTO if the sack RTT is measured from data sent
* after when the head was last (re)transmitted. Otherwise the
* timeout may continue to extend in loss recovery.
* information. All transmission or retransmission are delayed afterwards.
*/
static void tcp_cong_control(struct sock *sk, u32 ack, u32 acked_sacked,
- int flag)
+ int flag, const struct rate_sample *rs)
{
+ const struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
+
+ if (icsk->icsk_ca_ops->cong_control) {
+ icsk->icsk_ca_ops->cong_control(sk, rs);
+ return;
+ }
+
if (tcp_in_cwnd_reduction(sk)) {
/* Reduce cwnd if state mandates */
tcp_cwnd_reduction(sk, acked_sacked, flag);
struct inet_connection_sock *icsk = inet_csk(sk);
struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
struct tcp_sacktag_state sack_state;
+ struct rate_sample rs = { .prior_delivered = 0 };
u32 prior_snd_una = tp->snd_una;
u32 ack_seq = TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->seq;
u32 ack = TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->ack_seq;
bool is_dupack = false;
u32 prior_fackets;
int prior_packets = tp->packets_out;
- u32 prior_delivered = tp->delivered;
+ u32 delivered = tp->delivered;
+ u32 lost = tp->lost;
int acked = 0; /* Number of packets newly acked */
int rexmit = REXMIT_NONE; /* Flag to (re)transmit to recover losses */
+ struct skb_mstamp now;
sack_state.first_sackt.v64 = 0;
+ sack_state.rate = &rs;
/* We very likely will need to access write queue head. */
prefetchw(sk->sk_write_queue.next);
if (after(ack, tp->snd_nxt))
goto invalid_ack;
+ skb_mstamp_get(&now);
+
if (icsk->icsk_pending == ICSK_TIME_EARLY_RETRANS ||
icsk->icsk_pending == ICSK_TIME_LOSS_PROBE)
tcp_rearm_rto(sk);
}
prior_fackets = tp->fackets_out;
+ rs.prior_in_flight = tcp_packets_in_flight(tp);
/* ts_recent update must be made after we are sure that the packet
* is in window.
/* See if we can take anything off of the retransmit queue. */
flag |= tcp_clean_rtx_queue(sk, prior_fackets, prior_snd_una, &acked,
- &sack_state);
+ &sack_state, &now);
if (tcp_ack_is_dubious(sk, flag)) {
is_dupack = !(flag & (FLAG_SND_UNA_ADVANCED | FLAG_NOT_DUP));
if (icsk->icsk_pending == ICSK_TIME_RETRANS)
tcp_schedule_loss_probe(sk);
- tcp_cong_control(sk, ack, tp->delivered - prior_delivered, flag);
+ delivered = tp->delivered - delivered; /* freshly ACKed or SACKed */
+ lost = tp->lost - lost; /* freshly marked lost */
+ tcp_rate_gen(sk, delivered, lost, &now, &rs);
+ tcp_cong_control(sk, ack, delivered, flag, &rs);
tcp_xmit_recovery(sk, rexmit);
return 1;
} else
tcp_init_metrics(sk);
- tcp_update_pacing_rate(sk);
+ if (!inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_ops->cong_control)
+ tcp_update_pacing_rate(sk);
/* Prevent spurious tcp_cwnd_restart() on first data packet */
tp->lsndtime = tcp_time_stamp;
newtp->srtt_us = 0;
newtp->mdev_us = jiffies_to_usecs(TCP_TIMEOUT_INIT);
- newtp->rtt_min[0].rtt = ~0U;
+ minmax_reset(&newtp->rtt_min, tcp_time_stamp, ~0U);
newicsk->icsk_rto = TCP_TIMEOUT_INIT;
newtp->packets_out = 0;
newtp->snd_cwnd = TCP_INIT_CWND;
newtp->snd_cwnd_cnt = 0;
+ /* There's a bubble in the pipe until at least the first ACK. */
+ newtp->app_limited = ~0U;
+
tcp_init_xmit_timers(newsk);
newtp->write_seq = newtp->pushed_seq = treq->snt_isn + 1;
skb_mstamp_get(&skb->skb_mstamp);
TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->tx.in_flight = TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->end_seq
- tp->snd_una;
+ tcp_rate_skb_sent(sk, skb);
if (unlikely(skb_cloned(skb)))
skb = pskb_copy(skb, gfp_mask);
tcp_set_skb_tso_segs(skb, mss_now);
tcp_set_skb_tso_segs(buff, mss_now);
+ /* Update delivered info for the new segment */
+ TCP_SKB_CB(buff)->tx = TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->tx;
+
/* If this packet has been sent out already, we must
* adjust the various packet counters.
*/
}
return mtu;
}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(tcp_mss_to_mtu);
/* MTU probing init per socket */
void tcp_mtup_init(struct sock *sk)
/* Return how many segs we'd like on a TSO packet,
* to send one TSO packet per ms
*/
-static u32 tcp_tso_autosize(const struct sock *sk, unsigned int mss_now)
+u32 tcp_tso_autosize(const struct sock *sk, unsigned int mss_now,
+ int min_tso_segs)
{
u32 bytes, segs;
* This preserves ACK clocking and is consistent
* with tcp_tso_should_defer() heuristic.
*/
- segs = max_t(u32, bytes / mss_now, sysctl_tcp_min_tso_segs);
+ segs = max_t(u32, bytes / mss_now, min_tso_segs);
return min_t(u32, segs, sk->sk_gso_max_segs);
}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL(tcp_tso_autosize);
+
+/* Return the number of segments we want in the skb we are transmitting.
+ * See if congestion control module wants to decide; otherwise, autosize.
+ */
+static u32 tcp_tso_segs(struct sock *sk, unsigned int mss_now)
+{
+ const struct tcp_congestion_ops *ca_ops = inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_ops;
+ u32 tso_segs = ca_ops->tso_segs_goal ? ca_ops->tso_segs_goal(sk) : 0;
+
+ return tso_segs ? :
+ tcp_tso_autosize(sk, mss_now, sysctl_tcp_min_tso_segs);
+}
/* Returns the portion of skb which can be sent right away */
static unsigned int tcp_mss_split_point(const struct sock *sk,
}
}
- max_segs = tcp_tso_autosize(sk, mss_now);
+ max_segs = tcp_tso_segs(sk, mss_now);
while ((skb = tcp_send_head(sk))) {
unsigned int limit;
last_lost = tp->snd_una;
}
- max_segs = tcp_tso_autosize(sk, tcp_current_mss(sk));
+ max_segs = tcp_tso_segs(sk, tcp_current_mss(sk));
tcp_for_write_queue_from(skb, sk) {
__u8 sacked;
int segs;
--- /dev/null
+#include <net/tcp.h>
+
+/* The bandwidth estimator estimates the rate at which the network
+ * can currently deliver outbound data packets for this flow. At a high
+ * level, it operates by taking a delivery rate sample for each ACK.
+ *
+ * A rate sample records the rate at which the network delivered packets
+ * for this flow, calculated over the time interval between the transmission
+ * of a data packet and the acknowledgment of that packet.
+ *
+ * Specifically, over the interval between each transmit and corresponding ACK,
+ * the estimator generates a delivery rate sample. Typically it uses the rate
+ * at which packets were acknowledged. However, the approach of using only the
+ * acknowledgment rate faces a challenge under the prevalent ACK decimation or
+ * compression: packets can temporarily appear to be delivered much quicker
+ * than the bottleneck rate. Since it is physically impossible to do that in a
+ * sustained fashion, when the estimator notices that the ACK rate is faster
+ * than the transmit rate, it uses the latter:
+ *
+ * send_rate = #pkts_delivered/(last_snd_time - first_snd_time)
+ * ack_rate = #pkts_delivered/(last_ack_time - first_ack_time)
+ * bw = min(send_rate, ack_rate)
+ *
+ * Notice the estimator essentially estimates the goodput, not always the
+ * network bottleneck link rate when the sending or receiving is limited by
+ * other factors like applications or receiver window limits. The estimator
+ * deliberately avoids using the inter-packet spacing approach because that
+ * approach requires a large number of samples and sophisticated filtering.
+ *
+ * TCP flows can often be application-limited in request/response workloads.
+ * The estimator marks a bandwidth sample as application-limited if there
+ * was some moment during the sampled window of packets when there was no data
+ * ready to send in the write queue.
+ */
+
+/* Snapshot the current delivery information in the skb, to generate
+ * a rate sample later when the skb is (s)acked in tcp_rate_skb_delivered().
+ */
+void tcp_rate_skb_sent(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+
+ /* In general we need to start delivery rate samples from the
+ * time we received the most recent ACK, to ensure we include
+ * the full time the network needs to deliver all in-flight
+ * packets. If there are no packets in flight yet, then we
+ * know that any ACKs after now indicate that the network was
+ * able to deliver those packets completely in the sampling
+ * interval between now and the next ACK.
+ *
+ * Note that we use packets_out instead of tcp_packets_in_flight(tp)
+ * because the latter is a guess based on RTO and loss-marking
+ * heuristics. We don't want spurious RTOs or loss markings to cause
+ * a spuriously small time interval, causing a spuriously high
+ * bandwidth estimate.
+ */
+ if (!tp->packets_out) {
+ tp->first_tx_mstamp = skb->skb_mstamp;
+ tp->delivered_mstamp = skb->skb_mstamp;
+ }
+
+ TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->tx.first_tx_mstamp = tp->first_tx_mstamp;
+ TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->tx.delivered_mstamp = tp->delivered_mstamp;
+ TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->tx.delivered = tp->delivered;
+ TCP_SKB_CB(skb)->tx.is_app_limited = tp->app_limited ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+/* When an skb is sacked or acked, we fill in the rate sample with the (prior)
+ * delivery information when the skb was last transmitted.
+ *
+ * If an ACK (s)acks multiple skbs (e.g., stretched-acks), this function is
+ * called multiple times. We favor the information from the most recently
+ * sent skb, i.e., the skb with the highest prior_delivered count.
+ */
+void tcp_rate_skb_delivered(struct sock *sk, struct sk_buff *skb,
+ struct rate_sample *rs)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ struct tcp_skb_cb *scb = TCP_SKB_CB(skb);
+
+ if (!scb->tx.delivered_mstamp.v64)
+ return;
+
+ if (!rs->prior_delivered ||
+ after(scb->tx.delivered, rs->prior_delivered)) {
+ rs->prior_delivered = scb->tx.delivered;
+ rs->prior_mstamp = scb->tx.delivered_mstamp;
+ rs->is_app_limited = scb->tx.is_app_limited;
+ rs->is_retrans = scb->sacked & TCPCB_RETRANS;
+
+ /* Find the duration of the "send phase" of this window: */
+ rs->interval_us = skb_mstamp_us_delta(
+ &skb->skb_mstamp,
+ &scb->tx.first_tx_mstamp);
+
+ /* Record send time of most recently ACKed packet: */
+ tp->first_tx_mstamp = skb->skb_mstamp;
+ }
+ /* Mark off the skb delivered once it's sacked to avoid being
+ * used again when it's cumulatively acked. For acked packets
+ * we don't need to reset since it'll be freed soon.
+ */
+ if (scb->sacked & TCPCB_SACKED_ACKED)
+ scb->tx.delivered_mstamp.v64 = 0;
+}
+
+/* Update the connection delivery information and generate a rate sample. */
+void tcp_rate_gen(struct sock *sk, u32 delivered, u32 lost,
+ struct skb_mstamp *now, struct rate_sample *rs)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+ u32 snd_us, ack_us;
+
+ /* Clear app limited if bubble is acked and gone. */
+ if (tp->app_limited && after(tp->delivered, tp->app_limited))
+ tp->app_limited = 0;
+
+ /* TODO: there are multiple places throughout tcp_ack() to get
+ * current time. Refactor the code using a new "tcp_acktag_state"
+ * to carry current time, flags, stats like "tcp_sacktag_state".
+ */
+ if (delivered)
+ tp->delivered_mstamp = *now;
+
+ rs->acked_sacked = delivered; /* freshly ACKed or SACKed */
+ rs->losses = lost; /* freshly marked lost */
+ /* Return an invalid sample if no timing information is available. */
+ if (!rs->prior_mstamp.v64) {
+ rs->delivered = -1;
+ rs->interval_us = -1;
+ return;
+ }
+ rs->delivered = tp->delivered - rs->prior_delivered;
+
+ /* Model sending data and receiving ACKs as separate pipeline phases
+ * for a window. Usually the ACK phase is longer, but with ACK
+ * compression the send phase can be longer. To be safe we use the
+ * longer phase.
+ */
+ snd_us = rs->interval_us; /* send phase */
+ ack_us = skb_mstamp_us_delta(now, &rs->prior_mstamp); /* ack phase */
+ rs->interval_us = max(snd_us, ack_us);
+
+ /* Normally we expect interval_us >= min-rtt.
+ * Note that rate may still be over-estimated when a spuriously
+ * retransmistted skb was first (s)acked because "interval_us"
+ * is under-estimated (up to an RTT). However continuously
+ * measuring the delivery rate during loss recovery is crucial
+ * for connections suffer heavy or prolonged losses.
+ */
+ if (unlikely(rs->interval_us < tcp_min_rtt(tp))) {
+ if (!rs->is_retrans)
+ pr_debug("tcp rate: %ld %d %u %u %u\n",
+ rs->interval_us, rs->delivered,
+ inet_csk(sk)->icsk_ca_state,
+ tp->rx_opt.sack_ok, tcp_min_rtt(tp));
+ rs->interval_us = -1;
+ return;
+ }
+
+ /* Record the last non-app-limited or the highest app-limited bw */
+ if (!rs->is_app_limited ||
+ ((u64)rs->delivered * tp->rate_interval_us >=
+ (u64)tp->rate_delivered * rs->interval_us)) {
+ tp->rate_delivered = rs->delivered;
+ tp->rate_interval_us = rs->interval_us;
+ tp->rate_app_limited = rs->is_app_limited;
+ }
+}
+
+/* If a gap is detected between sends, mark the socket application-limited. */
+void tcp_rate_check_app_limited(struct sock *sk)
+{
+ struct tcp_sock *tp = tcp_sk(sk);
+
+ if (/* We have less than one packet to send. */
+ tp->write_seq - tp->snd_nxt < tp->mss_cache &&
+ /* Nothing in sending host's qdisc queues or NIC tx queue. */
+ sk_wmem_alloc_get(sk) < SKB_TRUESIZE(1) &&
+ /* We are not limited by CWND. */
+ tcp_packets_in_flight(tp) < tp->snd_cwnd &&
+ /* All lost packets have been retransmitted. */
+ tp->lost_out <= tp->retrans_out)
+ tp->app_limited =
+ (tp->delivered + tcp_packets_in_flight(tp)) ? : 1;
+}
u32 flow_max_rate; /* optional max rate per flow */
u32 flow_plimit; /* max packets per flow */
u32 orphan_mask; /* mask for orphaned skb */
+ u32 low_rate_threshold;
struct rb_root *fq_root;
u8 rate_enable;
u8 fq_trees_log;
struct fq_flow_head *head;
struct sk_buff *skb;
struct fq_flow *f;
- u32 rate;
+ u32 rate, plen;
skb = fq_dequeue_head(sch, &q->internal);
if (skb)
prefetch(&skb->end);
f->credit -= qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
- if (f->credit > 0 || !q->rate_enable)
+ if (!q->rate_enable)
goto out;
/* Do not pace locally generated ack packets */
if (skb->sk)
rate = min(skb->sk->sk_pacing_rate, rate);
+ if (rate <= q->low_rate_threshold) {
+ f->credit = 0;
+ plen = qdisc_pkt_len(skb);
+ } else {
+ plen = max(qdisc_pkt_len(skb), q->quantum);
+ if (f->credit > 0)
+ goto out;
+ }
if (rate != ~0U) {
- u32 plen = max(qdisc_pkt_len(skb), q->quantum);
u64 len = (u64)plen * NSEC_PER_SEC;
if (likely(rate))
[TCA_FQ_FLOW_MAX_RATE] = { .type = NLA_U32 },
[TCA_FQ_BUCKETS_LOG] = { .type = NLA_U32 },
[TCA_FQ_FLOW_REFILL_DELAY] = { .type = NLA_U32 },
+ [TCA_FQ_LOW_RATE_THRESHOLD] = { .type = NLA_U32 },
};
static int fq_change(struct Qdisc *sch, struct nlattr *opt)
if (tb[TCA_FQ_FLOW_MAX_RATE])
q->flow_max_rate = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_FLOW_MAX_RATE]);
+ if (tb[TCA_FQ_LOW_RATE_THRESHOLD])
+ q->low_rate_threshold =
+ nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_LOW_RATE_THRESHOLD]);
+
if (tb[TCA_FQ_RATE_ENABLE]) {
u32 enable = nla_get_u32(tb[TCA_FQ_RATE_ENABLE]);
q->fq_root = NULL;
q->fq_trees_log = ilog2(1024);
q->orphan_mask = 1024 - 1;
+ q->low_rate_threshold = 550000 / 8;
qdisc_watchdog_init(&q->watchdog, sch);
if (opt)
nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_FLOW_REFILL_DELAY,
jiffies_to_usecs(q->flow_refill_delay)) ||
nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_ORPHAN_MASK, q->orphan_mask) ||
+ nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_LOW_RATE_THRESHOLD,
+ q->low_rate_threshold) ||
nla_put_u32(skb, TCA_FQ_BUCKETS_LOG, q->fq_trees_log))
goto nla_put_failure;
projects / cascardo / linux.git / commitdiff